Abstract: 【Objective】 The study is to research the allelic composition and distribution of starch quality gene (Wx-A1,Wx-B1 and Wx-D1) and the difference of starch quality gene between local wheat materials of Xinjiang and introduced wheat materials in the hope of laying the foundation for improving wheat variety in Xinjiang. 【Method】Using molecular markers MAG264, BDFL/BRD and MAG269 to identify the distribution of starch quality genes Wx-A1,Wx-B1 and Wx-D1 in cultivated wheat germplasms in Xinjiang.【Result】The results showed that in the 169 materials to be identified, 18.67% materials of winter wheat had allele Wx-A1a and Wx-B1a,10.67% had Wx-D1a, and 30.85% materials of spring wheat had allele Wx-A1b, 41.49% had Wx-B1b. The distribution frequencies of oversea cultivars, other Chinese cultivars, Xinjiang local cultivars were respectively 74.49%,84.78% and 56% in mutant gene type Wx-A1a,for Wx-A1b gene type, they were respectively 25.51%,15.22% and 44%, for Wx-B1a gene type they were respectively 63.27 %, 82.61 % and 64 %,for Wx-B1b gene type they were respectively 36.73%,17.39 % and 36 %. All foreign varieties and Xinjiang local varieties carried Wx-D1a gene, 82.61% materials of other Chinese cultivars had Wx-D1a and 17.39% materials of other Chinese cultivars had Wx-D1b. Foreign varieties and local varieties of Xinjiang did not carry this gene.【Conclusion】The study concluded that the frequency of subunit mutation of Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 genes in 94 spring wheat was much higher than that in winter wheat and Wx-D1b gene was not tested in Xinjiang local cultivars and other Chinese cultivars. 18.67% materials of spring wheat had allele Wx-A1a and Wx-B1a gene, 10.67% had Wx-D1a. At the same time, 14 varieties lost Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 gene types, among which 4 were Xinjiang local cultivars and 10 varieties were foreign ones. At the same time, three copies were of Wx-B1, Wx-D1 deletion gene type and they were all domestic cultivars.

Key words: wheat; Wx gene; molecular markers; alleles

摘要： 【目的】研究小麦淀粉品质基因Wx-A1、Wx-B1、Wx-D1基因的等位变异组成与分布。比较新疆当地小麦材料与外引小麦材料淀粉品质之间的差别,为选育和改良小麦品质奠定基础。【方法】利用MAG264、BDFL/BRD、MAG269 分子标记,对新疆小麦材料中淀粉品质基因Wx-A1、Wx-B1、Wx-D1的分布情况进行分子标记鉴定。【结果】在鉴定169份材料中,在冬麦材料中Wx-A1a、Wx-B1a类型为18.67%,Wx-D1a类型为10.67%;在春麦材料中的Wx-A1b类型占30.85%,Wx-B1b类型占41.49%;国外品种、其他国内品种、新疆当地品种等材料中,含有Wx-A1a基因的比例分别为74.49%、84.78%、56%,含有Wx-A1b基因的比例分别为25.51%、15.22%、44%;含有Wx-B1a基因的比例为63.27 %、82.61 %、64 %;含有Wx-B1b基因的比例为36.73%、17.39 %、36 %, 国外品种和新疆当地品种的全部携带Wx-D1a基因,其他国内品种含Wx-D1a基因为82.61%;携带Wx-D1b突变类型中,其他国内品种为17.39%,国外品种和新疆当地品种无材料携带此基因。【结论】94份春小麦的缺失Wx-A1、Wx-B1亚基突变频率远远高于冬小麦,新疆品种材料中未检测出Wx-D1b基因类型。春麦材料Wx-A1a、Wx-B1a基因的比例同为18.67%,Wx-D1a基因的比例为10.67%。同时缺失Wx-A1、Wx-B1基因类型的品种有14份,其中4份为新疆品种,10份为国外品种。同时缺失Wx-B1、Wx-D1基因类型的有3份,都是国内品种。

关键词: 小麦, Wx基因, 分子标记, 等位变异