准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.029

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (11): 2853-2860.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.029

• 农业装备工程与机械化·草业 • 上一篇

准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性

闫紫烟¹(), 魏岩¹(), 安忻蕾¹, 陆倩¹, 孙慧芳¹, 严成²

1.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2023-02-26 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-12-07
通信作者: 魏岩(1966-),女,河南镇平县人,教授,博士,硕士/博士生导师,研究方向草地植物资源及其利用,(E-mail)weiyan1966@163.com
作者简介:闫紫烟(1997-),女,新疆阿克苏人,硕士研究生,研究方向为草原学,(E-mail)1270950974@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31560113)

Seed heteromorphism and germination characteristics of Salsola rosacea in the Junggar Desert

YAN Ziyan¹(), WEI Yan¹(), AN Xinlei¹, LU Qian¹, SUN Huifang¹, YAN Cheng²

1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China

Received:2023-02-26 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-12-07
Correspondence author: WEI Yan(1966-), female, doctor, grassland plant resources and utilization, (E-mail)weiyan1966@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31560113)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性,为种子异型性在荒漠条件下的生态适应机制及进化提供理论依据。【方法】 蔷薇猪毛菜(Salsola rosacea)为研究对象,依据种子的形状、大小、颜色和着生方式对种子分类并研究不同类型种子的萌发特性,根据植株干重对植株进行等级划分后计算其繁殖分配与种子输出。【结果】 蔷薇猪毛菜可产生3种类型种子,A型为绿色具翅种子且萌发率高,B、C型为黄色短翅/无翅种子且存在休眠;A、B型繁殖体繁殖分配比例随植株等级增加而增加,表现出对植株个体大小的依赖,C型则不表现依赖;A型种子输出比例随植株等级的增加而减少,B型种子随等级增加而增加,对植株个体大小表现依赖性,C型种子输出无明显波动。【结论】 蔷薇猪毛菜能够产生3种具有不同散布方式和萌发行为的种子,其繁殖分配与种子输出对植株大小产生依赖。

关键词: 蔷薇猪毛菜; 种子异型性; 繁殖分配; 种子萌发

Abstract:

【Objective】 Reproductive output and germination characteristicsof Salsola rosacea in the hope of providing relevant data support for future research on seed heteromorphism and providing theoretical basis for the study on the ecological adaptation mechanism and evolution of seed heteromorphism in desert conditions.【Methods】 To study the seed polymorphism,Seeds were classified according to their shape, size, color and growth mode, and germination characteristics of different types of seeds were investigated. The plants are graded according to the dry weight of the plant, and then the reproduction distribution and seed output of plant are calculated.【Results】 Three types of seeds were produced in S.rosacea. Type A was green and winged with high germination rate, and type B and C were yellow short-winged/wingless and could be dormant. The proportion of reproductive allocation of type A and B increased with increasing of plant class, which showed dependence on plant size, while type C showed no dependence. The output proportion of type A decreased with increasing of plant rank, while that of type B seeds increased with the increase of equal size which was dependent on the size of plant. No significant change was found in the output of type C seeds.【Conclusion】 Three kinds of seeds with different dispersal patterns and germination behaviors can be produced in S.rosacea, and their reproduction allocation and seed output depend on plant size.

Key words: Salsola rosacea; heteromorphism; reproduction allocation; seed germination

中图分类号:

S545

闫紫烟, 魏岩, 安忻蕾, 陆倩, 孙慧芳, 严成. 准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2853-2860.

YAN Ziyan, WEI Yan, AN Xinlei, LU Qian, SUN Huifang, YAN Cheng. Seed heteromorphism and germination characteristics of Salsola rosacea in the Junggar Desert[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(11): 2853-2860.

图/表 8

参考文献 34

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植株等级 Class of plant	植株干重 Plant biomass (g)	株高 Plant height (cm)	节数 No. of nodes	分枝数 No. of branches
Ⅰ	1.110±0.100^c	28.617±1.430^c	24.460±1.499^c	2.960±0.643^c
Ⅱ	3.708±0.235^b	43.556±1.005^b	45.400±1.993^b	9.630±0.856^b
Ⅲ	8.941±1.680^a	49.533±3.979^a	55.000±2.031^a	18.500±2.377^a

植株等级 Class of plant	植株干重 Plant biomass (g)	株高 Plant height (cm)	节数 No. of nodes	分枝数 No. of branches
Ⅰ	1.110±0.100^c	28.617±1.430^c	24.460±1.499^c	2.960±0.643^c
Ⅱ	3.708±0.235^b	43.556±1.005^b	45.400±1.993^b	9.630±0.856^b
Ⅲ	8.941±1.680^a	49.533±3.979^a	55.000±2.031^a	18.500±2.377^a

种子类型 Seed types	颜色 Color	形状 Shape	翅 Wings	长 Length (mm)	种子单粒重 Seed single weight (mg)	着生方式 Orientation of seed
A	绿色	圆形	长	2.451±0.036^a	3.124±0.057^a	横生
B	黄色	圆形	短	1.700±0.022^b	1.725±0.032^b	横生
C	黄色	圆形	无	1.348±0.063^c	1.522±0.026^c	横生

种子类型 Seed types	颜色 Color	形状 Shape	翅 Wings	长 Length (mm)	种子单粒重 Seed single weight (mg)	着生方式 Orientation of seed
A	绿色	圆形	长	2.451±0.036^a	3.124±0.057^a	横生
B	黄色	圆形	短	1.700±0.022^b	1.725±0.032^b	横生
C	黄色	圆形	无	1.348±0.063^c	1.522±0.026^c	横生

植株等级 Class	繁殖体总生物量 Total (g)						总繁殖分配 Total (%)
植株等级 Class	A	B	C	A	B	C	总繁殖分配 Total (%)
Ⅰ	0.113±0.010^Ac	0.012±0.003^Bc	0.013±0.002^Bc	10.214±0.422^Aa	0.876±0.190^Ba	1.166±0.167^Ba	12.256±0.453^b
Ⅱ	0.397±0.034^Ab	0.042±0.007^Bb	0.035±0.006^Bb	11.069±0.343^Aa	1.121±0.163^Ba	0.943±0.148^Ba	13.132±0.283^ab
Ⅲ	0.968±0.099^Aa	0.118±0.019^Ba	0.121±0.009^Ba	11.561±0.340^Aa	1.397±0.166^Ba	1.474±0.096^Ba	14.432±0.252^a

准噶尔荒漠蔷薇猪毛菜的种子异型性与萌发特性

Seed heteromorphism and germination characteristics of Salsola rosacea in the Junggar Desert

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Metrics

植株等级 Class of plant	种子总数 Total	种子数量 No. of seeds			种子输出 Seed output (%)
植株等级 Class of plant	种子总数 Total	A	B	C	A	B	C
Ⅰ	49.739± 4.155^c	38.609± 3.401^Ac	3.913± 0.829^Bc	7.217± 1.274^Bc	77.931± 2.570^Aa	7.457± 1.634^Cb	14.612± 1.906^Ba
Ⅱ	186.539± 16.266^b	135.692± 11.439^Ab	26.692± 3.830^Bb	24.154± 3.641^Bb	73.532± 2.571^Aab	13.887± 1.354^Ba	12.581± 1.587^Ba
Ⅲ	451.167± 53.639^a	301.500± 36.846^Aa	71.000± 9.957^Ba	78.667± 8.515^Ba	66.762± 1.019^Ab	15.564± 1.049^Ba	17.673± 0.930^Ba

偏差来源 Source	自由度 df	均方 Meansquare	F	P
种子类型 Type of seed	2	45 817.867	1 641.564	0
温度 Temperature	4	14.267	0.511	0.728
种子类型×温度 Type of seed×Temperature	8	10.867	0.389	0.921

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