新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (8): 1965-1974.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.017
• 园艺特产·种质资源·贮藏保鲜加工·土壤肥料 • 上一篇 下一篇
熊韬1(), 闫淼1, 王豪杰1, 毛建才1, 王江涛2, 胡国智1()
收稿日期:
2021-10-28
出版日期:
2022-08-20
发布日期:
2022-10-01
通信作者:
胡国智
作者简介:
熊韬(1984-),男,新疆库车人,高级农艺师,硕士,研究方向为西甜瓜栽培生理,(E-mail) bearxt@163.com
基金资助:
XIONG Tao1(), YAN Miao1, WANG Haojie1, MAO Jiancai1, WANG Jiangtao2, HU Guozhi1()
Received:
2021-10-28
Online:
2022-08-20
Published:
2022-10-01
Correspondence author:
HU Guozhi
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】分析种子萌发和幼苗发育两个阶段不同水平盐胁迫处理对甜瓜生长的影响,为甜瓜耐盐资源筛选提供理论依据。【方法】以4个甜瓜品种为材料,设置3个处理浓度,分别在种子萌发期和幼苗期进行盐胁迫处理,研究不同浓度盐处理对甜瓜种子萌发、幼苗生长发育及根系形态特征的影响。【结果】4个甜瓜品种在低盐处理下可以维持50%以上的发芽率和60%以上的发芽势,但高盐胁迫下的发芽势和发芽率均呈现显著下降。各甜瓜品种萌发指标综合表现为网纹香>风味5号>西州密17号>黄皮9818。在150 mmol/L盐浓度时,黄皮9818受到的抑制影响比较明显,萌发速度较CK延长了49.8%。各甜瓜品种株高、茎粗、地上/下生物量积累随盐胁迫浓度的上升总体呈下降趋势,且与高盐浓度呈显著负相关,但相同浓度处理下网纹香受到的抑制作最小。盐胁迫均使4种甜瓜的根冠比随浓度的增加呈现先降低再上升的趋势,且高盐浓度下明显高于CK。各甜瓜盐敏感指数和耐受性指数均下降,特别是耐受性指数在浓度为100 mmol/L下降相对明显,4个甜瓜品种在高浓度盐胁迫的敏感性升高,其盐分耐受性降低。盐胁迫下4个甜瓜的根系形态学参数变化基本一致,均呈下降趋势,并且与CK相比差异显著。【结论】盐胁迫下网纹香在种子萌发期和幼苗生长期中的综合表现均优于其它3个品种,网纹香适应在新疆盐碱土壤条件下生长。
中图分类号:
熊韬, 闫淼, 王豪杰, 毛建才, 王江涛, 胡国智. 盐碱胁迫对甜瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 1965-1974.
XIONG Tao, YAN Miao, WANG Haojie, MAO Jiancai, WANG Jiangtao, HU Guozhi. Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Muskmelon[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 1965-1974.
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment (mmol/L) | 株高 Plant height (mm) | 茎粗 Thick stems (mm) | 地上部干重 Floor dry weight (g) | 根部干重 Root dry weight (g) | 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
网纹香 Wangwenxiang | CK | 130.63a | 4.16a | 2.02a | 0.23a | 0.11c |
50 | 109.70b | 3.67b | 1.96a | 0.19b | 0.10c | |
100 | 98.32c | 3.16c | 0.98b | 0.16c | 0.17b | |
150 | 90.66d | 2.62d | 0.54c | 0.15c | 0.29a | |
风味5号 Fengwei 5 | CK | 130.37a | 4.03a | 1.99a | 0.20a | 0.10c |
50 | 107.69b | 3.43b | 1.55b | 0.14b | 0.09c | |
100 | 94.03c | 2.82c | 0.66c | 0.10c | 0.15b | |
150 | 88.67d | 2.26d | 0.43d | 0.08c | 0.20a | |
西州密17号 Xizhoumi 17 | CK | 130.70a | 4.10a | 1.98a | 0.20a | 0.10c |
50 | 97.90b | 3.03b | 1.23b | 0.11b | 0.09c | |
100 | 87.77c | 2.63c | 0.60c | 0.07c | 0.12b | |
150 | 80.08d | 1.80d | 0.33d | 0.06c | 0.17a | |
黄皮9818 Huangpi 9818 | CK | 131.11a | 3.37a | 1.95a | 0.19a | 0.10bc |
50 | 96.01b | 3.07b | 1.15b | 0.09b | 0.08c | |
100 | 83.87c | 2.24c | 0.51c | 0.04c | 0.11ab | |
150 | 74.00d | 1.58d | 0.24d | 0.03c | 0.13a |
表 1 不同浓度盐胁迫下甜瓜生长特性变化
Table 1 Effects of salt stress at different concentrations on the growth characteristics of muskmelon
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment (mmol/L) | 株高 Plant height (mm) | 茎粗 Thick stems (mm) | 地上部干重 Floor dry weight (g) | 根部干重 Root dry weight (g) | 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
网纹香 Wangwenxiang | CK | 130.63a | 4.16a | 2.02a | 0.23a | 0.11c |
50 | 109.70b | 3.67b | 1.96a | 0.19b | 0.10c | |
100 | 98.32c | 3.16c | 0.98b | 0.16c | 0.17b | |
150 | 90.66d | 2.62d | 0.54c | 0.15c | 0.29a | |
风味5号 Fengwei 5 | CK | 130.37a | 4.03a | 1.99a | 0.20a | 0.10c |
50 | 107.69b | 3.43b | 1.55b | 0.14b | 0.09c | |
100 | 94.03c | 2.82c | 0.66c | 0.10c | 0.15b | |
150 | 88.67d | 2.26d | 0.43d | 0.08c | 0.20a | |
西州密17号 Xizhoumi 17 | CK | 130.70a | 4.10a | 1.98a | 0.20a | 0.10c |
50 | 97.90b | 3.03b | 1.23b | 0.11b | 0.09c | |
100 | 87.77c | 2.63c | 0.60c | 0.07c | 0.12b | |
150 | 80.08d | 1.80d | 0.33d | 0.06c | 0.17a | |
黄皮9818 Huangpi 9818 | CK | 131.11a | 3.37a | 1.95a | 0.19a | 0.10bc |
50 | 96.01b | 3.07b | 1.15b | 0.09b | 0.08c | |
100 | 83.87c | 2.24c | 0.51c | 0.04c | 0.11ab | |
150 | 74.00d | 1.58d | 0.24d | 0.03c | 0.13a |
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment (mmol/L) | 根系长度 Root length (mm) | 根系直径 Root diameter (mm) | 根系投影面积 Root projection area (cm2) | 根系表面积 Root surface area (cm2) | 根系体积 Root volume (cm3) | 根尖数 Root tip number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
网纹香 Wangwenxiang | CK | 62.35aaaaa | 0.80a | 3.49a | 11.77a | 0.30a | 133.17a |
50 | 60.83b | 0.75b | 2.99b | 11.16b | 0.26b | 119.32b | |
100 | 52.43c | 0.69c | 2.51c | 9.29c | 0.18c | 89.18c | |
150 | 34.71d | 0.63d | 1.89d | 7.93c | 0.13d | 71.06d | |
风味5号 Fengwei 5 | CK | 62.64a | 0.79a | 3.21a | 11.58a | 0.28a | 127.38a |
50 | 53.33b | 0.73b | 2.85b | 9.24b | 0.23b | 112.67b | |
100 | 30.14c | 0.65c | 2.30c | 8.76b | 0.17c | 75.69c | |
150 | 24.55c | 0.50d | 1.58d | 5.73c | 0.11d | 54.19d | |
西州密17号 Xizhoumi 17 | CK | 56.69a | 0.79a | 3.04a | 10.41a | 0.27a | 115.42a |
50 | 48.67b | 0.69b | 2.16b | 7.95b | 0.19b | 102.95a | |
100 | 32.17c | 0.62c | 1.68c | 5.25c | 0.13c | 69.93b | |
150 | 24.38d | 0.43d | 1.12d | 3.77d | 0.09c | 45.36c | |
黄皮9818 Huangpi 9818 | CK | 58.69a | 0.68a | 2.94a | 10.18a | 0.24a | 117.67a |
50 | 43.67d | 0.61b | 1.87b | 6.36b | 0.13b | 97.28b | |
100 | 28.84c | 0.50c | 1.34c | 4.60c | 0.09c | 64.84c | |
150 | 19.23d | 0.34d | 0.62d | 2.95d | 0.05d | 39.28d |
表 2 盐胁迫下四种甜瓜根系分布特征变化
Table 2 Effects of salt stress on root distribution characteristics of four melon species
品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment (mmol/L) | 根系长度 Root length (mm) | 根系直径 Root diameter (mm) | 根系投影面积 Root projection area (cm2) | 根系表面积 Root surface area (cm2) | 根系体积 Root volume (cm3) | 根尖数 Root tip number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
网纹香 Wangwenxiang | CK | 62.35aaaaa | 0.80a | 3.49a | 11.77a | 0.30a | 133.17a |
50 | 60.83b | 0.75b | 2.99b | 11.16b | 0.26b | 119.32b | |
100 | 52.43c | 0.69c | 2.51c | 9.29c | 0.18c | 89.18c | |
150 | 34.71d | 0.63d | 1.89d | 7.93c | 0.13d | 71.06d | |
风味5号 Fengwei 5 | CK | 62.64a | 0.79a | 3.21a | 11.58a | 0.28a | 127.38a |
50 | 53.33b | 0.73b | 2.85b | 9.24b | 0.23b | 112.67b | |
100 | 30.14c | 0.65c | 2.30c | 8.76b | 0.17c | 75.69c | |
150 | 24.55c | 0.50d | 1.58d | 5.73c | 0.11d | 54.19d | |
西州密17号 Xizhoumi 17 | CK | 56.69a | 0.79a | 3.04a | 10.41a | 0.27a | 115.42a |
50 | 48.67b | 0.69b | 2.16b | 7.95b | 0.19b | 102.95a | |
100 | 32.17c | 0.62c | 1.68c | 5.25c | 0.13c | 69.93b | |
150 | 24.38d | 0.43d | 1.12d | 3.77d | 0.09c | 45.36c | |
黄皮9818 Huangpi 9818 | CK | 58.69a | 0.68a | 2.94a | 10.18a | 0.24a | 117.67a |
50 | 43.67d | 0.61b | 1.87b | 6.36b | 0.13b | 97.28b | |
100 | 28.84c | 0.50c | 1.34c | 4.60c | 0.09c | 64.84c | |
150 | 19.23d | 0.34d | 0.62d | 2.95d | 0.05d | 39.28d |
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