肉苁蓉浸膏制备中温度对苯乙醇苷类成分的影响及其抗氧化活性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究肉苁蓉浸膏制备过程中不同温度对苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷的影响,分析肉苁蓉浸膏的抗氧化活性。【方法】采用紫外分光光度法和HPLC法,测定不同干燥温度、提取温度、浓缩温度、水浴蒸制温度下,肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷的含量;采用DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基清除能力及总还原力实验评价肉苁蓉浸膏的抗氧化活性。【结果】肉苁蓉阴干时,苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量比晒干高。相比于阴干,肉苁蓉60℃烘干时,3种成分测得量最高;提取温度升高,3种成分测得量也增加,当提取温度为80℃时,3种成分含量最高;浓缩温度升高,提取液浓缩效率明显提高,当浓缩温度从35℃增加为60℃时,肉苁蓉提取液浓缩至等体积时耗时从7 h缩短至0.7 h,且3种成分在浓缩液中的浓度也最高;水浴蒸制肉苁蓉浸膏时,蒸制温度升高,所需蒸制时间明显缩短,当蒸制温度从40℃增加为85℃时,肉苁蓉浓缩液蒸至相同量的浸膏耗时从12 h缩短至1.2 h,且3种成分在浸膏中的含量也最高。当浓度在0.1 ~ 0.5 mg/mL,肉苁蓉浸膏溶液对DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基的清除率随着浓度升高而升高,最大清除率分别为92.23%、83.23%和91.26%,其清除DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基的IC50分别为0.017、0.023、0.248 mg/mL,在0.1 ~ 0.5 mg/mL,肉苁蓉浸膏溶液的还原能力略低于VC。【结论】肉苁蓉在干燥、提取、浓缩、水浴蒸制浸膏过程中,不同温度对苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量有较大影响。肉苁蓉浸膏具有较强的抗氧化活性。

关键词: 肉苁蓉; 苯乙醇苷; 松果菊苷; 毛蕊花糖苷; 抗氧化

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study tle effects of different temperatures on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside in Cistanche deserticola were studied, and the antioxidant capacity of C. deserticola extractum was also studied. 【Method】 UV spectrophotometric method and HPLC were used to determine the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside in C. deserticola with different drying temperatures, different extraction temperatures, different concentration temperatures and different water bath steaming temperatures.The antioxidant capacity of C. deserticola extractum was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl free radical scavenging capacity test and total reducing power test. 【Result】 The content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside in C. deserticola dried in the shade was higher than that of sundry. Compared to dried in the shade, the content of above three constituents was the hightst when the drying temperature was 60℃. At 80℃, Three constituents was higher than that of other extraction temperatures．Concentration efficiency was obviously increased with the increase of concentration temperature. When the concentration temperature was increased from 35℃ to 60 ℃, the time of concentration of C. deserticola extract was shortened from 7 h to 0.7 h, at this point, Three constituents in concentrated solution was alsohas the highest concentration. When the C. deserticola extract was steamed by water bath, the steaming temperature increased and the time needed for steaming was obviously shortened. When the steaming temperature increased from 40℃ to 85℃, the time of steaming was shortened from 12 h to 1.2 h, and the three constituents in the C. deserticolaextractum was also the highest.In the range of 0.1-0.5 mg/mL, the clearance rate of C. deserticola extractum on DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicalswas increased with the increase of concentration. The maximum clearance rate on DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals reached 92.23%, 83.23%, 91.26%, respectively,and the IC50 value was 0.017 mg/mL, 0.023 mg/mL, 0.248 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of C. deserticola extractumwas slightly below vitamin C in the range of 0.1-0.5 mg/mL. 【Conclusion】 Different temperatures has a great influenceon on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside in the process of drying, extraction, concentration and water bath steaming. C. deserticola extractum has strong antioxidant activity.

Key words: Cistanche deserticola; phenylethanoid glycosides; echinacoside; verbascoside; antioxidant activity

中图分类号:

S567

韩海霞, 游林, 钟志明, 何梦梦, 王娜, 李爽. 肉苁蓉浸膏制备中温度对苯乙醇苷类成分的影响及其抗氧化活性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 1975-1983.

HAN Haixia, YOU Lin, ZHONG Zhiming, WANG Na, LI Shuang. Study on the Effects of Different Temperatures on Phenylethanol Glycosides duringthe Preparation of Cistanche deserticola Extractum and the Antioxidant Activities of the Extractum[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 1975-1983.

图/表 9

图 1 松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷HPLC色谱

Fig. 1 HPLC chromatogram of echinacoside and verbascoside.

图 2 不同干燥温度下肉苁蓉中苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量变化（n=3,m=x±SD）

Fig. 2 Effects of different drying temperatures on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside（n=3,m=x±SD）

图 3 不同提取温度下肉苁蓉中苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量变化（n=3,m=x±SD）

Fig. 3 Effects of different extraction temperatures on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside （n=3,m=x±SD）

表 1 不同浓缩温度下肉苁蓉浓缩液中苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷浓度变化（n=3,m=x±SD）

Table 1 Effects of different concentrated temperatures on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside.（n=3,m=x±SD）

浓缩温度 Temperature （℃）	浓缩时间 Time （h）	苯乙醇苷 Phenylethanoid glycosides （mg/mL）	松果菊苷 Echinacoside （μg/mL）	毛蕊花糖苷 Verbascoside （μg/mL）
35	7	19.24±0.16	167.3±0.26	98.66±0.19
40	4	19.41±0.38	181.5±0.43	106.6±0.76
50	1.5	22.30±0.31	190.2±0.34	121.1±0.77
60	0.7	28.79±0.33	255.1±0.19	185.3±0.48
70	0.3	27.66±0.64	249.8±0.45	161.2±0.31

表 2 不同蒸制温度下肉苁蓉浸膏中苯乙醇苷、松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷含量变化（n=3,m=x±SD）

Table 2 Effects of different steaming temperature on the content of phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and verbascoside.（n=3,m=x±SD）

蒸制温度 Temperature （℃）	蒸制时间 Time （h）	苯乙醇苷 Phenylethanoid glycosides （mg/mL）	松果菊苷 Echinacoside （μg/mL）	毛蕊花糖苷 Verbascoside （μg/mL）
40	12	69.7±1.8	15.85±0.26	11.87±0.23
55	7	79.4±1.2	18.39±0.93	13.60±0.58
70	3	99.8±1.8	22.89±0.91	18.14±1.2
85	1.2	131.1±1.1	34.44±0.84	26.18±1.1
98	0.4	115.1±2.1	27.05±1.1	23.28±0.93

图 4 不同浓度肉苁蓉浸膏下DPPH自由基清除率变化

Fig. 4 Scavenging rate of DPPH radical by C. deserticola extractum

图 5 不同浓度肉苁蓉浸膏下ABTS自由基的清除率变化

Fig. 5 Scavenging rate of ABTS free radicals by C. deserticola extractum

图 6 不同浓度肉苁蓉浸膏下羟基自由基的清除率变化

Fig. 6 Scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical by C. deserticola extractum

图 7 不同浓度肉苁蓉浸膏下肉苁蓉还原能力变化

Fig. 7 Extractum reduction capacity of C. deserticola

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