辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.03.013

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 624-632.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.03.013

辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析

裴红霞¹(), 李生梅², 武旭霞³, 耿世伟², 赖黎丽⁴, 高晶霞¹(), 董心久²()

1.宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,银川 750002
2.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.呼和浩特职业学院,呼和浩特 010070
4.新疆天椒红安农业科技有限责任公司,新疆石河子 832011

收稿日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-04-18
通信作者: 高晶霞(1984-), 女, 宁夏人,助理研究员, 研究方向为作物遗传育种, (E-mail)774350762@qq.com;
董心久(1980-), 男, 山东人, 副研究员, 研究方向为作物栽培与生理, (E-mail)80416913@qq.com
作者简介:裴红霞(1980-), 女, 山西人,助理研究员, 研究方向为作物遗传育种, (E-mail)810444147@qq.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学联合基金(2021AAC03264);宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新资金(NGSB-2021-8-01);新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2018Q16)

Morphological Observation and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Hot Pepper Genic Male - Sterile Line pby-1

PEI Hongxia¹(), LI Shengmei², WU Xuxia³, GENG Shiwei², LAI Lili⁴, GAO Jingxia¹(), DONG Xinjiu²()

1. Institute of Horticulture, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan 750002, China
2. Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Hohhot vocational college, Huhehaote, 010070, China
4. Xinjiang Tianjiao Hong'an Agricultural Technology Co., Shihezi Xinjiang 832011, China

Received:2022-07-30 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-04-18
Correspondence author: GAO Jingxia (1984-), female, from ningxia, research assistant, vegetable genetics and breeding research, (E-mail)774350762@qq.com;
DONG Xinjiu (1980-), male, from Shandong, research asociate, crop cultivation and physiological research, (E-mail)80416913@qq.com
Supported by:
Ningxia Natural Science Union Foundation(2021AAC03264);Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(NGSB-2021-8-01);Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents Training Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2018Q16)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)雄性不育系的形态学及生理生化的特征,为研究羊角椒雄性不育的遗传机制提供理论参考。【方法】以羊角椒核雄性不育系pby-1和保持系PBY-1为材料,观察花蕾7个时期的发育情况及盛花期的花器官,测定盛花期花粉的生活力及减数分裂、四分体及单核3个时期花蕾的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,分析保护酶活性的变化,比较赤霉素(GA₃)、生长素(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、茉莉酸(JA)及脱落酸(ABA)含量差异及不同内源激素的平衡关系。【结果】与野生型PBY-1相比,不育系只有花器官结构与其不同,花药干瘪,花粉无生活力。在羊角椒花蕾发育的3个时期,不育系与可育系之间在保护酶活性与内源激素含量上存在差异,其中,不育系SOD活性始终显著低于保持系,而CAT活性始终显著高于保持系,POD活性在减数分裂期和四分体时期显著低于保持系,MDA含量只有在单核时期显著高于保持系;四分体及单核时期GA₃含量、IAA含量高于保持系,ZR含量始终高于保持系,减数分裂期JA含量明显低于保持系,四分体时期IAA含量明显高于保持系;不育系和保持系IAA/ABA、IAA/GA₃、IAA/JA、IAA/ZR、ABA/GA₃、ABA/ZR的变化趋势不一致,且IAA/ABA的比值高于其他内源激素含量的比值。【结论】不育系保护酶活性的变化和内源激素含量的异常以及激素比值的变化可能影响了减数分裂、四分体及单核3个时期的花药内源物质和花粉活力,导致羊角椒不育系花药中花粉发育受阻、形成败育。

关键词: 辣椒; 雄性不育; 形态学; 抗氧化物; 内源激素

Abstract:

【Objective】 This project aims to explore the morphological, physio-biochemical characteristics of male sterile lines of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in the hope of providing a theoretical reference for revealing the genetic mechanism of male sterility of hot pepper.【Methods】 The pepper nuclear male sterility line pby-1 and the maintainer line PBY-1 were used as test materials.The development of flower buds at 7 stages and the flower organs in the full blooming period were observed, and the viability of the pollen in the full blooming period was measured.The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in flower buds at the three stages of meiosis number, tetrad and mononuclear were analyzed.The contents of gibberelli cacid (GA₃), acetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR), jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) and the balance relationship between different endogenous hormones were compared.【Results】 Compared with the wild-type PBY-1, the sterile line only differed from its floral organ structure, the anthers were shriveled, and the pollen had no viability.In the three stages of flower bud development of hot pepper, there were differences in protective enzyme activity and endogenous hormone content between the sterile line and the maintainer line.Among them, the SOD activity of the sterile line was always significantly lower than that of the maintainer line, while the CAT activity was always significantly higher than that of the maintainer line, POD activity was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line during the meiotic and tetrad period, and the MDA content was significantly higher than that of the maintainer line only in the mononuclear period.In the three periods, there were differences in protective enzyme activity and endogenous hormone content between the sterile line and the maintainer line in the development of hot pepper.Among them, the SOD activity of the sterile line was always significantly lower than that of the maintainer line, while the CAT activity was significantly higher than that of the maintainer line.The POD activity was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line during the meiotic and tetrad period, and the MDA content was only significantly higher than maintainer in the mononuclear period.Content GA₃ and IAA in tetrad and mononuclear period in sterile line were higher than that of the maintainer, ZR content was always higher than that of the maintainer, JA content in meiosis stage was significantly lower than that of the maintainer, IAA content in tetrad period was significantly higher in the maintainer line.The change trends of IAA/ABA, IAA/GA₃, IAA/JA, IAA/ZR, ABA/GA₃, ABA/ZR between sterile line and the maintainer line were inconsistent.The ratio content of IAA/ABA was higher than those of other endogenous hormones.【Conclusion】 Therefore, it is speculated that the changes of the protective enzyme activity, the abnormalcontent of endogenous hormone and the change in the hormone ratio in sterile line may affect anther endogenous substances and pollen vitality in the three stages of meiosis, tetrad, and mononucleus, resulting in the development of pollen in the anthers of the male sterile line in croissant pepper is hindered and the cause of abortion is formed.

Key words: Capsicum annuum L.; male sterility; morphology; antioxidant; endogenous hormone

中图分类号:

S641.3

裴红霞, 李生梅, 武旭霞, 耿世伟, 赖黎丽, 高晶霞, 董心久. 辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 624-632.

PEI Hongxia, LI Shengmei, WU Xuxia, GENG Shiwei, LAI Lili, GAO Jingxia, DONG Xinjiu. Morphological Observation and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Hot Pepper Genic Male - Sterile Line pby-1[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(3): 624-632.

图/表 7

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材料 Materials	小孢子发育时期 Microspore development time	花蕾形态特征 Morphological characteristics flower buds	花蕾纵横径 Veritical and horizontal diameter of flower bud
材料 Materials	小孢子发育时期 Microspore development time	花蕾形态特征 Morphological characteristics flower buds	纵径 Longitudinal diameter(mm)	横径 Transverse diameter(mm)
pby-1	S₁	花蕾小,花萼紧裹花冠,深绿色。	2.49~2.98	2.07~2.63
	S₂	花蕾比S₁期花蕾微大,花萼裹着花冠,深绿色。	2.99~4.49	2.64~3.59
	S₃	花萼上端微张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠与花萼齐平。	4.50~5.87	3.60~4.10
	S₄	花萼上端张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠约占花萼长的1/4。	5.88~6.52	4.11~4.86
	S₅	花冠绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度短于花萼,约占花萼长的1/2。	6.53~7.23	4.87~5.54
	S₆	花冠浅绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度约与花萼等长。	7.22~8.89	5.55~5.90
	S₇	花冠白绿色,大小充分膨大。	8.90~11.98	5.91~6.40
PBY-1	F₁	花蕾小,花萼紧裹花冠,深绿色。	2.57~2.93	2.15~2.84
	F₂	花蕾比F₁期花蕾微大,花萼裹着花冠,深绿色。	2.94~4.81	2.85~3.73
	F₃	花萼上端微张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠与花萼齐平。	4.82~5.75	3.72~4.08
	F₄	花萼上端张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠约占花萼长的1/4。	5.76~6.66	4.09~4.94
	F₅	花冠绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度短于花萼,约占花萼长的1/2。	6.67~7.28	4.95~5.76
	F₆	花冠浅绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度约与花萼等长。	7.29~8.08	5.77~5.91
	F₇	花冠白绿色,大小充分膨大。	8.09~11.84	5.92~6.80

材料 Materials	小孢子发育时期 Microspore development time	花蕾形态特征 Morphological characteristics flower buds	花蕾纵横径 Veritical and horizontal diameter of flower bud
材料 Materials	小孢子发育时期 Microspore development time	花蕾形态特征 Morphological characteristics flower buds	纵径 Longitudinal diameter(mm)	横径 Transverse diameter(mm)
pby-1	S₁	花蕾小,花萼紧裹花冠,深绿色。	2.49~2.98	2.07~2.63
	S₂	花蕾比S₁期花蕾微大,花萼裹着花冠,深绿色。	2.99~4.49	2.64~3.59
	S₃	花萼上端微张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠与花萼齐平。	4.50~5.87	3.60~4.10
	S₄	花萼上端张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠约占花萼长的1/4。	5.88~6.52	4.11~4.86
	S₅	花冠绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度短于花萼,约占花萼长的1/2。	6.53~7.23	4.87~5.54
	S₆	花冠浅绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度约与花萼等长。	7.22~8.89	5.55~5.90
	S₇	花冠白绿色,大小充分膨大。	8.90~11.98	5.91~6.40
PBY-1	F₁	花蕾小,花萼紧裹花冠,深绿色。	2.57~2.93	2.15~2.84
	F₂	花蕾比F₁期花蕾微大,花萼裹着花冠,深绿色。	2.94~4.81	2.85~3.73
	F₃	花萼上端微张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠与花萼齐平。	4.82~5.75	3.72~4.08
	F₄	花萼上端张开,深绿色,花冠绿色,花冠约占花萼长的1/4。	5.76~6.66	4.09~4.94
	F₅	花冠绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度短于花萼,约占花萼长的1/2。	6.67~7.28	4.95~5.76
	F₆	花冠浅绿色,伸出花萼部分的长度约与花萼等长。	7.29~8.08	5.77~5.91
	F₇	花冠白绿色,大小充分膨大。	8.09~11.84	5.92~6.80

材料 Material	发育时期 Bud stage	IAA/ABA	IAA/GA₃	IAA/JA	IAA/ZR	ABA/GA₃	ABA/ZR
pby-1	减数分裂	2.20	2.46	0.54	0.89	1.12	0.41
	四分体时期	3.95	1.29	0.45	0.68	0.33	0.17
	单核时期	3.36	1.44	0.37	0.64	1.43	0.19
PBY-1	减数分裂	4.11	1.28	0.29	1.30	0.31	0.32
	四分体时期	1.51	1.11	0.35	0.69	0.74	0.45
	单核时期	2.84	1.27	0.21	0.45	0.45	0.16

材料 Material	发育时期 Bud stage	IAA/ABA	IAA/GA₃	IAA/JA	IAA/ZR	ABA/GA₃	ABA/ZR
pby-1	减数分裂	2.20	2.46	0.54	0.89	1.12	0.41
	四分体时期	3.95	1.29	0.45	0.68	0.33	0.17
	单核时期	3.36	1.44	0.37	0.64	1.43	0.19
PBY-1	减数分裂	4.11	1.28	0.29	1.30	0.31	0.32
	四分体时期	1.51	1.11	0.35	0.69	0.74	0.45
	单核时期	2.84	1.27	0.21	0.45	0.45	0.16

辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析

Morphological Observation and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Hot Pepper Genic Male - Sterile Line pby-1

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