新疆绿色农业发展水平区域差异分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 明确新疆绿色农业发展水平及14个地(州、市)差异分析。【方法】 以2005~2019年新疆绿色农业发展统计数据为研究对象,采用熵值法评价新疆及14个地(州、市)绿色农业发展水平。【结果】 2019年新疆绿色农业发展综合得分较2005年提高4.28分,其中,农业经济发展提高3.75分,资源减量下降4.11分,资源环境安全提高4.63分;2019年新疆14个地(州、市)绿色农业发展综合得分最高为伊犁州直(10.64分),其次为阿勒泰地区(9.92分),最低为克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(简称克州)(2.95分)。【结论】 新疆绿色农业发展水平逐年上升,农业经济和资源环境安全发展态势良好,资源利用效率仍然较低,资源利用率成为新疆绿色农业发展的短板;新疆绿色农业发展水平整体上为北疆高、南疆低、东疆居中;新疆14个地(州、市)绿色农业发展水平差异显著,呈现北疆地区高且向新疆东部和南部不均匀递减态势,克州绿色农业发展水平相对滞后。

关键词: 绿色农业发展; 评价; 指标体系; 区域性差异

Abstract:

【Objective】 Research on the development level of green agriculture in Xinjiang and the differences in green agriculture development among different 14 prefectares(cities) in Xinjiang from 2005-2019.【Methods】 Based on the statistical data of green agriculture development in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2019,Entropy method was used to evaluate the development levels of green agriculture in Xinjiang.【Results】 Xinjiang's comprehensive score for green agriculture development in 2019 was increased by 4.28 points from 2005,among which,scores for agricultural economy development was increased by 3.75 points,for resources reduction was decreased by 4.11 points,and for resources environment safety was increased by 4.63 points; In 2019,the comprehensive score for the development of green agriculture in 14 prefectures(cities) in Xinjiang was 10.64 points for Ili Prefectural Government.Followed by comprehensive score for green agriculture development in Altay Administrative District(9.92 points),while the lowest score was the Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture(referred to as Kezhou) (2.95 points).【Conclusion】 The level of green agriculture in Xinjiang is increasing year by year.The agricultural economy and the security of resources and environment are developing well,but resource utilization efficiency is still low,which become the “short slab” of green agriculture development in Xinjiang; On the whole,the development level of green agriculture is at higher level in the northern of Xinjiang,at the medium level in the eastern Xinjiang,at lower level in the southern Xinjiang.There are significant differences in the levels of green agricultural development in various regions of Xinjiang,forming a trend,The overall development level of green agriculture in Xinjiang is high in the north,low in the south,and middle in the east.Significant differences in the development level of green agriculture among different 14 prefectures (cities) in Xinjiang.The development level of green agriculture in Kezhou is relatively lagging behind.

Key words: green agricultural development; evaluation; index system; regional difference

中图分类号:

包艳丽, 苏武峥, 张利召, 李琼诗. 新疆绿色农业发展水平区域差异分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 773-780.

BAO Yanli, SU Wuzheng, ZHANG Lizhao, LI Qiongshi. Analysis regional difference of green agriculture development level in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 773-780.

图/表 6

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准则层 Rule Layer	指标层 Index Layer	指标含义 Index meaning	指标类型 Index type
农业经济发展 Agricultural economic development (0.273)	A₁农民人均可支配收入(0.089)(元/人)	农民人均可支配收入	+
	A₂劳动生产率(0.093) (10⁴元/人)	农林牧渔总产值/乡村从业人员	+
	A₃土地产出率(0.091)(元/hm²)	农业产值/耕地面积	+
资源减量 Resource reduction (0.366)	B₁化肥施用强度(0.089)(kg/hm²)	化肥施用量/耕地面积	-
	B₂农膜使用强度(0.087)(kg/hm²)	农膜使用量/耕地面积	-
	B₃农药施用强度(0.095) (kg/hm²)	农药施用量/耕地面积	-
	B₄单位面积农业能耗(0.095) (w/hm²)	农用机械总动力/耕地面积	-
资源环境安全 Resource and environmental security(0.361)	C₁森林覆盖率(0.090) (%)	森林面积/国土面积	+
	C₂有效灌溉面积占比(0.091) (%)	有效灌溉面积/耕地面积	+
	C₃人均耕地面积(0.094) (667 m²/人)	耕地面积/总人口	+
	C₄水土流失治理面积(0.086) (hm²)	水土流失治理面积	+

准则层 Rule Layer	指标层 Index Layer	指标含义 Index meaning	指标类型 Index type
农业经济发展 Agricultural economic development (0.273)	A₁农民人均可支配收入(0.089)(元/人)	农民人均可支配收入	+
	A₂劳动生产率(0.093) (10⁴元/人)	农林牧渔总产值/乡村从业人员	+
	A₃土地产出率(0.091)(元/hm²)	农业产值/耕地面积	+
资源减量 Resource reduction (0.366)	B₁化肥施用强度(0.089)(kg/hm²)	化肥施用量/耕地面积	-
	B₂农膜使用强度(0.087)(kg/hm²)	农膜使用量/耕地面积	-
	B₃农药施用强度(0.095) (kg/hm²)	农药施用量/耕地面积	-
	B₄单位面积农业能耗(0.095) (w/hm²)	农用机械总动力/耕地面积	-
资源环境安全 Resource and environmental security(0.361)	C₁森林覆盖率(0.090) (%)	森林面积/国土面积	+
	C₂有效灌溉面积占比(0.091) (%)	有效灌溉面积/耕地面积	+
	C₃人均耕地面积(0.094) (667 m²/人)	耕地面积/总人口	+
	C₄水土流失治理面积(0.086) (hm²)	水土流失治理面积	+

年份 Year	农业经济发展 Agricultural economic development	资源减量 Reducing resource	资源环境安全 Resource and Environment Security	综合得分 Composite scores
2005	0.00	4.85	0.19	5.05
2006	0.07	4.55	0.46	5.08
2007	0.29	4.61	0.78	5.68
2008	0.36	4.01	1.15	5.51
2009	0.59	4.12	1.98	6.68
2010	1.34	3.54	2.09	6.97
2011	1.59	3.13	2.28	7.00
2012	1.95	2.47	2.71	7.13
2013	2.35	1.31	2.24	5.90
2014	2.68	0.55	2.48	5.71
2015	2.82	0.60	2.92	6.34
2016	3.08	0.52	3.29	6.88
2017	3.00	0.78	3.97	7.75
2018	3.45	0.78	4.77	9.00
2019	3.75	0.75	4.83	9.33

年份 Year	农业经济发展 Agricultural economic development	资源减量 Reducing resource	资源环境安全 Resource and Environment Security	综合得分 Composite scores
2005	0.00	4.85	0.19	5.05
2006	0.07	4.55	0.46	5.08
2007	0.29	4.61	0.78	5.68
2008	0.36	4.01	1.15	5.51
2009	0.59	4.12	1.98	6.68
2010	1.34	3.54	2.09	6.97
2011	1.59	3.13	2.28	7.00
2012	1.95	2.47	2.71	7.13
2013	2.35	1.31	2.24	5.90
2014	2.68	0.55	2.48	5.71
2015	2.82	0.60	2.92	6.34
2016	3.08	0.52	3.29	6.88
2017	3.00	0.78	3.97	7.75
2018	3.45	0.78	4.77	9.00
2019	3.75	0.75	4.83	9.33

新疆各地(州、市) All parts of Xinjiang (prefectures and cities)	农业经济发展 Agricultural economic development					资源减量 Reducing resource								环境安全 Resource and Environment Security								综合得分 Composite scores
新疆各地(州、市) All parts of Xinjiang (prefectures and cities)	A₁	A₂		A₃		B₁		B₂		B₃		B₄		C₁		C₂		C₃		C₄		综合得分 Composite scores
乌鲁木齐市 Urumqi City	1.02		0.00		0.66		0.87		1.56		0.24		0.37		2.12		0.00		0.00		0.18		7.02
克拉玛依市 Karamay City	1.52		0.07		0.00		0.62		1.27		0.23		0.61		3.78		0.12		0.06		0.00		8.28
吐鲁番市 Turpan City	0.51		0.49		4.14		0.21		1.08		0.22		0.00		0.18		0.97		0.27		0.23		8.31
哈密市 Hami City	0.74		0.28		0.81		0.63		1.02		0.20		0.37		0.04		0.40		0.53		0.41		5.43
昌吉州 Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture	0.85		0.56		0.45		0.68		0.90		0.19		0.42		2.01		0.41		1.80		1.02		9.29
伊犁州直 Counties Direct Under Ili Prefecture	0.47		1.24		0.62		0.68		1.50		0.22		0.43		1.10		0.25		2.59		1.54		10.64
塔城地区 Tacheng Administrative Offices	0.67		0.87		0.58		0.43		0.82		0.15		0.44		1.79		0.40		2.84		0.61		9.60
阿勒泰地区 Altay Administrative Offices	0.41		0.62		0.22		0.71		0.92		0.22		0.44		3.50		0.58		1.64		0.65		9.92
博州 Bortala Mongolian Antonomous Prefecture	0.72		0.70		0.96		0.29		0.10		0.15		0.37		1.24		0.54		1.49		0.31		6.88
巴州 Bayangol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture	0.75		0.67		1.70		0.18		0.13		0.08		0.18		0.00		0.59		0.88		0.60		5.77
阿克苏地区 Aksu Administrative Offices	0.39		0.61		0.93		0.00		0.00		0.19		0.31		1.12		0.44		0.91		1.23		6.15
克州 Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture	0.00		0.27		0.92		0.31		0.23		0.22		0.05		0.14		0.26		0.30		0.25		2.95
喀什地区 Kashgar Administrative Offices	0.10		0.47		1.74		0.08		0.30		0.00		0.20		0.08		0.26		0.57		0.83		4.62
和田地区 Hotan Administrative Offices	0.06		0.26		1.59		0.49		0.18		0.18		0.31		0.45		0.61		0.29		0.70		5.14