5种农药对梨小食心虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.016

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 665-671.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.016

5种农药对梨小食心虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价

魏杨¹(), 陈国祥¹, 阿地力·沙塔尔¹(), 买买托合提·吐孙², 田光宇¹

1.新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆和田县林业和草原局,新疆和田 848000

收稿日期:2023-08-02 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 阿地力·沙塔尔(1968-),男,新疆莎车人,教授,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为林业有害生物监测与防控,(E-mail)adl1968@126.com
作者简介:魏杨(1998-),女,新疆焉耆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林保护,(E-mail)2496910387@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02004);“核桃重大蛀果害虫暴发成灾规律、监测预警及防控关键技术研究”(2021B02004-1)

Indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy trials of several pesticides against Grapholita molesta in walnut production areas of Hotan County

WEI Yang¹(), CHEN Guoxiang¹, Adili Sattar¹(), Mahamatopiti Tusun², TIAN Guangyu¹

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Hotan Country,Hotan Xinjiang 848000,China

Received:2023-08-02 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: Adili Shataer(1968-),male,from Shache,Xinjiang,professor,doctor,master's supervisor,research direction: pest monitoring and control in forestry,(E-mail) adl1968@126.com
Supported by:
Project of Key R & D Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02004);"Research on Outbreak Regularity,Monitoring and Early Warning and Key Technology of Prevention and Control of Walnut Fruit Pest"(2021B02004-1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 筛选出对梨小食心虫具有较强防效的农药。【方法】 采用生测法和喷雾法分别测定5种农药对梨小食心虫的室内毒力和评价田间药效。【结果】 5%甲维盐·虱螨脲对梨小食心虫的3龄幼虫的毒力最高,其LC₅₀值为4.12 mg/L,其次为10%高效氯氟氰菊酯、14%氯虫·高氯氟和10%氯虫苯甲酰胺,LC₅₀值分别为8.23、15.14和16.07 mg/L;25%甲维·灭幼脲毒力最低,LC₅₀值为40.65 mg/L;10%氯虫苯甲酰胺1 000倍稀释液和5%甲维盐·虱螨脲2 000倍稀释液对幼虫毒杀效果最好,处理24 h后,对幼虫校正死亡率均达到85%以上,72 h时达到100%。10%氯虫苯甲酰胺和5%甲维盐·虱螨脲的速效性最好,田间施药1 d后,防效能达到60%以上。施药后5 d,防效分别为87.72%和82.46%,显著高于其他农药。【结论】 10%氯虫苯甲酰胺和5%甲维盐·虱螨脲对和田县桃树栽植区梨小食心虫幼虫具有较好的控制效果。

关键词: 梨小食心虫; 室内毒力测定; 田间药效评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to screen out pesticides with strong protection and extermination against pear psyllid based on scientific guidance for production.【Methods】 In this experiment,the indoor toxicity and field efficacy of five pesticides against pear psyllid were determined by bioassay and spray method respectively.【Results】 The experiment showed that the toxicity of 5% emamectin benzoate-lufenuron to the 3rd instar larvae of pear borer was the highest,and its LC₅₀ value was 4.12 mg/L,followed by 10% lambda-cyhalothrin,14% chlorpyrifos-permethrin and 10% chlorantraniliprole.The LC₅₀ values were 8.23,15.14 and 16.07 mg/L;25% emamectin benzoate-chlorobenzuron was the lowest toxic with an LC₅₀ value of 40.65 mg/L; while 10% chlorantraniliprole 1,000 times and 5% emamectin benzoate-lufenuron 2,000 times were the most effective in killing the larvae,and the corrected mortality rate of larvae reached more than 85% after 24 h and 100% at 72 h.10% chlorantraniliprole and 5% emamectin benzoate-lufenuron had the best rapid efficacy,and the efficacy of field spraying reached more than 60% after 1 d.The efficacy was 87.72% and 82.46% respectively at 5 d after application,which was significantly higher than other pesticides.【Conclusion】 In conclusion,10% chlorantraniliprole and 5% emamectin benzoate-lufenuron have good control effect on pear small heartworm larvae in peach planting area in Hotan County.

Key words: Grapholita molesta; indoor toxicity determination; field efficacy evaluation

中图分类号:

S436.612

魏杨, 陈国祥, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 买买托合提·吐孙, 田光宇. 5种农药对梨小食心虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 665-671.

WEI Yang, CHEN Guoxiang, Adili Sattar, Mahamatopiti Tusun, TIAN Guangyu. Indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy trials of several pesticides against Grapholita molesta in walnut production areas of Hotan County[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 665-671.

图/表 4

参考文献 16

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药剂 Medicines	毒力回归方程 Regression equation of toxicity	LC₅₀(95%置信限度) LC₅₀ (95% confidence limit)
10%氯虫苯甲酰胺(CS)10% chlorantraniliprole(CS)	Y=-2.23+1.85X	16.07(5.62-23.71)
5%甲维盐·虱螨脲(CS)5%emamectinbenzoate-lufenuron(CS)	Y=-1.09+1.78X	4.12(1.44-6.06)
10%高效氯氟氰菊酯(EW)10% lambda-cyhalothrin(EW)	Y=-1.63+1.78X	8.23(2.87-12.12)
14%氯虫·高氯氟(CS)14% chlorpyrifos-permethrin(CS)	Y=-1.67+1.42X	15.14(5.39-21.36)
25%甲维·灭幼脲(CS)25% emamectin benzoate-chlorobenzuron(CS)	Y=-2.53+1.57X	40.65(25.35-50.29)

药剂 Medicines	毒力回归方程 Regression equation of toxicity	LC₅₀(95%置信限度) LC₅₀ (95% confidence limit)
10%氯虫苯甲酰胺(CS)10% chlorantraniliprole(CS)	Y=-2.23+1.85X	16.07(5.62-23.71)
5%甲维盐·虱螨脲(CS)5%emamectinbenzoate-lufenuron(CS)	Y=-1.09+1.78X	4.12(1.44-6.06)
10%高效氯氟氰菊酯(EW)10% lambda-cyhalothrin(EW)	Y=-1.63+1.78X	8.23(2.87-12.12)
14%氯虫·高氯氟(CS)14% chlorpyrifos-permethrin(CS)	Y=-1.67+1.42X	15.14(5.39-21.36)
25%甲维·灭幼脲(CS)25% emamectin benzoate-chlorobenzuron(CS)	Y=-2.53+1.57X	40.65(25.35-50.29)

药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	药后24 h 24 h after medication		药后48 h 48 h after medication		药后72 h 72 h after medication		药后96 h 96 h after medication
药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)
10%氯虫苯甲酰胺(CS) 10% chlorantraniliprole(CS)	1 000	91.11	90.59±4.08^a	95.56	95.12±2.11^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	1 500	86.67	85.88±3.53^ab	93.33	92.68±3.66^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	2 000	87.78	87.06±2.03^a	91.11	90.24±4.22^a	97.78	97.40±4.50^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	2 500	80.00	78.82±6.11^b	90.00	89.02±3.66^a	94.44	93.51±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	67.78	65.88±2.04^c	74.44	71.95±5.59^b	87.78	85.72±5.95^b	95.55	94.52±4.75^b
5%甲维盐·虱螨脲(CS) 5%emamectinbenzoate- lufenuron (CS)	2 000	88.89	88.23±4.08^a	96.67	96.34±3.66^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	88.89	88.23±5.39^a	95.56	96.12±2.11^ab	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	83.33	82.35±3.53^ab	90.00	89.02±3.66^ab	96.67	96.10±0.00^ab	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	5 000	77.78	76.47±5.39^b	85.55	84.15±7.61^b	93.33	92.21±3.90^b	98.89	98.63±2.37^ab
	6 000	65.56	63.53±5.39^c	72.22	69.51±9.21^c	80.00	76.62±3,90^c	94.44	93.15±6.28^b
10%高效氯氟氰菊酯(EW) 10% lambda-cyhalothrin(EW)	2 000	84.44	83.53±2.04^a	94.44	93.90±2.11^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	80.00	78.82±3.53^a	88.89	87.80±2.11^ab	95.56	94.80±2.25^ab	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	73.33	71.76±3.53^b	83.33	81.71±3.66^bc	93.33	92.21±3.90^b	98.89	98.63±2.37^ab
	5 000	68.89	67.05±5.39^b	80.00	78.05±3.66^c	87.78	85.72±2.35^c	97.78	97.26±2.37^ab
	6 000	58.89	56.47±2.04^c	67.78	64.63±5.59^d	83.33	80.52±3.90^c	95.55	94.52±4.75^c
14%氯虫·高氯氟(CS) 14% chlorpyrifos-permethrin(CS)	2 000	81.11	80.00±2.04^a	93.33	92.68±3.66^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	74.44	72.94±5.39^ab	86.67	85.37±3.66^b	94.44	93.51±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	75.56	74.11±2.04^a	85.56	84.15±2.11^b	93.33	92.21±0.00^a	98.89	98.63±2.37^a
	5 000	66.67	64.70±7.06^b	81.11	79.27±2.11^b	92.22	90.91±2.25^a	97.78	97.26±2.37^a
	6 000	55.56	52.94±5.39^c	64.44	60.98±5.59^c	78.89	75.33±8.11^b	96.67	95.89±28.77^a
25%甲维·灭幼脲(CS) 25% emamectin benzoate- chlorobenzuron(CS)	2 000	74.45	75.29±3.53^a	84.45	84.15±5.59^a	92.22	90.91±2.25^a	97.78	98.63±2.37^a
	3 000	66.67	68.23±3.53^b	75.56	75.61±2.11^ab	91.11	90.91±2.25^a	96.67	95.89±4.11^a
	4 000	63.33	60.00±5.39^c	76.67	71.95±5.59^b	86.67	84.42±0.00^b	94.44	93.15±2.37^a
	5 000	54.71	54.12±3.53^c	70.86	70.73±3.66^b	91.74	88.31±3.90^ab	95.15	93.15±2.37^a
	6 000	48.89	45.88±2.04^d	56.67	52.44±9.68^c	73.33	68.83±3.90^c	87.78	84.93±6.28^b
CK	-	5.56	-	8.89	-	14.44	-	18.89	-

药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	药后24 h 24 h after medication		药后48 h 48 h after medication		药后72 h 72 h after medication		药后96 h 96 h after medication
药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)	死亡率 Mortality(%)	校正死亡率 Correction mortality rate(%)
10%氯虫苯甲酰胺(CS) 10% chlorantraniliprole(CS)	1 000	91.11	90.59±4.08^a	95.56	95.12±2.11^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	1 500	86.67	85.88±3.53^ab	93.33	92.68±3.66^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	2 000	87.78	87.06±2.03^a	91.11	90.24±4.22^a	97.78	97.40±4.50^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	2 500	80.00	78.82±6.11^b	90.00	89.02±3.66^a	94.44	93.51±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	67.78	65.88±2.04^c	74.44	71.95±5.59^b	87.78	85.72±5.95^b	95.55	94.52±4.75^b
5%甲维盐·虱螨脲(CS) 5%emamectinbenzoate- lufenuron (CS)	2 000	88.89	88.23±4.08^a	96.67	96.34±3.66^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	88.89	88.23±5.39^a	95.56	96.12±2.11^ab	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	83.33	82.35±3.53^ab	90.00	89.02±3.66^ab	96.67	96.10±0.00^ab	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	5 000	77.78	76.47±5.39^b	85.55	84.15±7.61^b	93.33	92.21±3.90^b	98.89	98.63±2.37^ab
	6 000	65.56	63.53±5.39^c	72.22	69.51±9.21^c	80.00	76.62±3,90^c	94.44	93.15±6.28^b
10%高效氯氟氰菊酯(EW) 10% lambda-cyhalothrin(EW)	2 000	84.44	83.53±2.04^a	94.44	93.90±2.11^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	80.00	78.82±3.53^a	88.89	87.80±2.11^ab	95.56	94.80±2.25^ab	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	73.33	71.76±3.53^b	83.33	81.71±3.66^bc	93.33	92.21±3.90^b	98.89	98.63±2.37^ab
	5 000	68.89	67.05±5.39^b	80.00	78.05±3.66^c	87.78	85.72±2.35^c	97.78	97.26±2.37^ab
	6 000	58.89	56.47±2.04^c	67.78	64.63±5.59^d	83.33	80.52±3.90^c	95.55	94.52±4.75^c
14%氯虫·高氯氟(CS) 14% chlorpyrifos-permethrin(CS)	2 000	81.11	80.00±2.04^a	93.33	92.68±3.66^a	98.89	98.70±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	3 000	74.44	72.94±5.39^ab	86.67	85.37±3.66^b	94.44	93.51±2.25^a	100.00	100.00±0.00^a
	4 000	75.56	74.11±2.04^a	85.56	84.15±2.11^b	93.33	92.21±0.00^a	98.89	98.63±2.37^a
	5 000	66.67	64.70±7.06^b	81.11	79.27±2.11^b	92.22	90.91±2.25^a	97.78	97.26±2.37^a
	6 000	55.56	52.94±5.39^c	64.44	60.98±5.59^c	78.89	75.33±8.11^b	96.67	95.89±28.77^a
25%甲维·灭幼脲(CS) 25% emamectin benzoate- chlorobenzuron(CS)	2 000	74.45	75.29±3.53^a	84.45	84.15±5.59^a	92.22	90.91±2.25^a	97.78	98.63±2.37^a
	3 000	66.67	68.23±3.53^b	75.56	75.61±2.11^ab	91.11	90.91±2.25^a	96.67	95.89±4.11^a
	4 000	63.33	60.00±5.39^c	76.67	71.95±5.59^b	86.67	84.42±0.00^b	94.44	93.15±2.37^a
	5 000	54.71	54.12±3.53^c	70.86	70.73±3.66^b	91.74	88.31±3.90^ab	95.15	93.15±2.37^a
	6 000	48.89	45.88±2.04^d	56.67	52.44±9.68^c	73.33	68.83±3.90^c	87.78	84.93±6.28^b
CK	-	5.56	-	8.89	-	14.44	-	18.89	-

药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	防效 Control efficacy(%)
药剂 Medicines	稀释倍数 Dilution multiple	药后1 d 1 d after medication	药后3 d 3 d after medication	药后5 d 5 d after medication	药后7 d 7 d after medication
10%氯虫苯甲酰胺(CS) 10% chlorantraniliprole(CS)	1 000	68.75±6.25^a	80.39±3.39^a	87.72±3.04^a	80.56±9.62^a
	1 500	60.42±7.22^a	70.59±5.88^b	78.95±5.27^a	75.00±8.33^ab
	2 000	47.92±3.61^b	60.78±3.40^c	68.42±5.26^b	61.11±4.82^b
5%甲维盐·虱螨脲(CS) 5% emamectinbenzoate- lufenuron(CS)	1 000	64.58±7.22^a	70.59±10.19^a	82.46±3.04^a	72.22±4.81^a
	1 500	58.33±3.61^a	62.74±6.80^a	75.44±3.04^ab	72.22±4.81^a
	2 000	43.75±0.00^b	56.86±3.39^a	68.42±5.26^b	63.89±4.82^a
10%高效氯氟氰菊酯(EW) 10% lambda-cyhalothrin(EW)	1 000	56.25±10.83^a	70.59±10.19^a	85.96±6.07^a	83.33±0.00^a
	1 500	47.92±3.61^a	64.71±5.89^a	80.70±8.04^a	72.22±9.62^ab
	2 000	25.00±12.50^b	37.26±6.80^b	61.40±8.04^b	58.33±8.34^b
14%氯虫·高氯氟(CS) 14% chlorpyrifos- permethrin(CS)	1 000	50.00±6.25^a	60.79±6.80^a	77.19±3.04^a	80.55±4.81^a
	1 500	37.50±6.25^ab	52.94±5.88^ab	73.68±9.12^a	69.45±4.81^ab
	2 000	22.92±9.55^b	47.06±5.88^b	68.42±0.00^a	63.89±4.82^b
25%甲维·灭幼脲(CS) 25% emamectin benzoate- chlorobenzuron(CS)	1 000	45.83±9.55^a	64.71±5.89^a	77.19±3.04^a	66.67±16.67^a
	1 500	29.17±7.22^b	50.98±3.39^b	64.91±8.04^ab	55.56±9.62^a
	2 000	12.50±6.25^c	35.29±5.89^c	56.14±8.04^b	47.22±19.24^a
CK	清水	-	-	-	-

5种农药对梨小食心虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价

Indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy trials of several pesticides against Grapholita molesta in walnut production areas of Hotan County

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