玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.028

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 3102-3112.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.028

• 畜牧兽医·微生物·农业装备工程与机械化 • 上一篇下一篇

玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验

张伟¹(), 靳范¹^,²(), 李谦绪², 张俊三², 翟修萍², 王善博¹

1.新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆新研牧神科技有限公司,乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2023-04-27 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-03
通信作者: 靳范(1968-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,提高待遇高级工程师,硕士生导师,研究方向为农业机械装备工程,(E-mail)639916709@qq.com
作者简介:张伟(1997-),男,陕西安康人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业机械装备,(E-mail)1213869102@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区区域特色经济作物收获机械化技术装备研发及推广应用(2021B02006)

Design and experiment of cleaning device for corn grain combine harvester

ZHANG Wei¹(), JIN Fan¹^,²(), LI Qianxu², ZHANG Junsan², ZHAI Xiuping², WANG Shanbo¹

1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Xinjiang Xinyan Mushen Technology Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2023-04-27 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-03
Correspondence author: JIN Fan (1968-), male, from Urumqi, senior engineer with improved salary, bachelor degree,Resticide direction:agricultural machinery engineering,(E-mail)639916709@qq.com
Supported by:
R & D and Application of Mechanization Technology and Equipment of Regional Characteristic Cash Crop Harvesting in Xinjiang(2021B02006)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】设计玉米籽粒联合收获机风机与双层鱼鳞筛网组合式清选装置,分析风筛装置参数,优化清选装置作业参数,降低清选装置的损失率和含杂率。【方法】对清选装置建立数学模型进行理论分析计算。寻找影响清选装置的因素,利用ADAMS建立运动仿真模型,仿真分析得出运动筛加速度特征曲线。优化设计分析清选风机蜗壳主要参数,以玉米籽粒含杂率和籽粒损失率为试验指标,以风机转速、振动频率、筛网开度为试验因素。采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计,建立试验因素与试验指标之间的回归模型。分析清选装置上的物料三种不同运动状态,计算得出清选筛合理的加速度范围。通过对振动筛连杆数学建模分析得出影响籽粒清选效果的主要因素。【结果】当风机转速为1 050 r/min,振动频率为6 Hz,筛网开度为17 mm时。玉米籽粒含杂率为0.94%,清选损失率为1.19%。【结论】优化后的清选装置各项参数满足行业要求。

关键词: 玉米籽粒; 清选装置; 收获机; 试验; 优化设计

Abstract:

【Objective】Optimize the operating parameters of the cleaning device and the cleaning device operating parameters in order to reduce the loss rate and impurity rate of cleaning equipment and improve economic productivity.【Methods】A mathematical model was established for the cleaning device for theoretical analysis and calculation to find the factors that affected the cleaning device and ADAMS was used to establish a motion simulation model to obtain the acceleration characteristic curve of the moving screen through simulation analysis. Then the main parameters of the cleaning fan volute were optimized and analyzed. At the same time, the corn kernel impurity rate and the grain loss rate were used as the test indicators, and the fan speed, vibration frequency and screen opening were used as test factors. Also, Box-Behnken central combined experimental design theory was employed to establish a regression model between experimental factors and experimental indicators.Three different motion states of the material on the cleaning device were analyzed, and the reasonable acceleration range of the cleaning and sieving was calculated. The main factors affecting the effect of grain cleaning were obtained through mathematical modeling analysis of the connecting rod of the vibrating screen.【Results】Through experimental optimization, it is concluded that when the fan speed was 1,050 r/min, the vibration frequency was 6 Hz, and when the screen opening was 17 mm, the impurity content of corn kernels was 0.94%, and the cleaning loss rate was 1.19%.【Conclusion】The optimized cleaning device parameters meet the industry requirements.

Key words: corn kernel; cleaning device; harvester; experiment; optimization design

中图分类号:

S512
S225

张伟, 靳范, 李谦绪, 张俊三, 翟修萍, 王善博. 玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3102-3112.

ZHANG Wei, JIN Fan, LI Qianxu, ZHANG Junsan, ZHAI Xiuping, WANG Shanbo. Design and experiment of cleaning device for corn grain combine harvester[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 3102-3112.

图/表 20

参考文献 21

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项目 Item	参数 Parameters
试验品种 Test varieties	九圣禾2468
作物产量 Crop yield(g/m²)	1 884.1
百粒质量 Hundred grain quality(g)	53.1
作物自然高度 Natural height of the crop (mm)	2712
株距 Plant spacing (mm)	214
行距 Row spacing (mm)	466
单穗籽粒质量 Seed mass per ear (g)	176.7
单株果穗质量 Ear weight per plant (g)	561.2
最低结穗高度 Minimum spike height (mm)	1 099
籽粒含水率 Seed moisture content(%)	26.88

项目 Item	参数 Parameters
试验品种 Test varieties	九圣禾2468
作物产量 Crop yield(g/m²)	1 884.1
百粒质量 Hundred grain quality(g)	53.1
作物自然高度 Natural height of the crop (mm)	2712
株距 Plant spacing (mm)	214
行距 Row spacing (mm)	466
单穗籽粒质量 Seed mass per ear (g)	176.7
单株果穗质量 Ear weight per plant (g)	561.2
最低结穗高度 Minimum spike height (mm)	1 099
籽粒含水率 Seed moisture content(%)	26.88

优化方案 Optimised solutions	蜗壳出口扩张角θ Worm shell outlet expansion angleθ(°)	蜗舌半径r Snail tongue radius r (mm)
优化前 Before optimization	25	15
优化后 After optimisation	35	6

优化方案 Optimised solutions	蜗壳出口扩张角θ Worm shell outlet expansion angleθ(°)	蜗舌半径r Snail tongue radius r (mm)
优化前 Before optimization	25	15
优化后 After optimisation	35	6

风机转速 Fan speed (r/min)	优化前风量 Airflow before optimisation (m³/h)	优化后风量 Optimised airflow (m³/h)	效率提升 Efficiency gains (%)
850	5 568	6 016	8
1 040	6 122	6 568	7.3
1 130	6 676	7 136	6.9

玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验

Design and experiment of cleaning device for corn grain combine harvester

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图/表 20

参考文献 21

相关文章 15

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Metrics

序号 Serial number	风机转速 Fan speed A	振动频率 Vibration frequency B	筛网开度 Screen opening C	籽粒含杂率 Seed trash content T₁(%)	清选损失率 Clearance loss rate T₁(%)
1	0	0	0	1.39	0.91
2	-1	-1	0	1.62	1.65
3	0	-1	1	1.54	2.17
4	0	0	0	0.9	1.35
5	0	0	0	1.24	0.86
6	0	0	0	0.72	1.02
7	1	0	1	0.49	2.84
8	0	1	1	1.59	1.53
9	1	0	-1	0.77	1.72
10	1	1	0	1.4	2.16
11	0	1	-1	3.24	1.38
12	1	-1	0	0.4	3.4
13	-1	1	0	2.13	2.36
14	-1	0	1	1.92	1.18
15	-1	0	-1	2.69	1.57
16	0	-1	-1	2.39	1.74
17	0	0	0	1.01	1.09

指标 Indicators	来源 Source	平方和 Sum of squares	Df	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性 Significance
T₁	Model	9.06	9	1.01	8.39	0.005 2	**
	A	3.51	1	3.51	29.30	0.001 0	**
	B	0.73	1	0.73	6.06	0.043 4	*
	C	1.58	1	1.58	13.14	0.008 4	**
	AB	0.06	1	0.06	0.50	0.502 0
	AC	0.06	1	0.06	0.50	0.502 0
	BC	0.16	1	0.16	1.33	0.285 8
	A²	0.16	1	0.16	1.32	0.289 1
	B²	1.18	1	1.18	9.83	0.016 5	*
	C²	1.56	1	1.56	13.03	0.008 6	**
	残差	0.84	7	0.12
	失拟项	0.55	3	0.18	2.60	0.189 6
	误差	0.28	4	0.071
	总和	9.89	16
T₂	Model	7.58	9	0.84	31.53	<0.000 1	**
	A	1.41	1	1.41	52.83	0.000 2	**
	B	0.29	1	0.29	10.95	0.012 9	*
	C	0.21	1	0.21	8.03	0.025 3	*
	AB	0.95	1	0.95	35.59	0.000 6	**
	AC	0.57	1	0.57	21.34	0.002 4	**
	BC	0.02	1	0.02	0.73	0.420 0
	A²	2.27	1	2.27	85.03	<0.000 1	**
	B²	1.58	1	1.58	59.03	0.000 1	**
	C²	0.009 3	1	0.009 3	0.35	0.573 7
	残差	0.19	7	0.027
	失拟项	0.039	3	0.013	0.35	0.792 6
	误差	0.15	4	0.037
	总和	7.77	16

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