陆地棉种质材料机采农艺性状鉴定分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (8): 1830-1839.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.002

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

陆地棉种质材料机采农艺性状鉴定分析

马青山¹(), 杜霄², 陶志鑫³, 韩万里⁴, 龙遗磊⁵, 艾先涛²(), 胡守林¹()

1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830046
4.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2022-12-13 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
通信作者: 胡守林(1968-),男,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为农业可持续发展,(E-mail)179390139@qq.com；
艾先涛(1979-),男,陕西人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为棉花遗传育种,(E-mail)yixiantao@sina.com
作者简介:马青山(1996-),男,新疆五家渠人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物遗传资源的收集、保存与评价,(E-mail)2206833641@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目“新疆棉花品种DNA身份鉴定体系构建与应用研究”(2020E02097);新疆农业科学院重点培育专项“新疆机采棉高产优质分子设计育种技术体系研究”(XJKCPY-2021005)

Identification and analysis of machine-picked agronomic characters of Gossypium hirsutum resource materials

MA Qingshan¹(), DU Xiao², TAO Zhixin³, HAN Wanli⁴, LONG Yilei⁵, AI Xiantao²(), HU Shoulin¹()

1. College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
4. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2022-12-13 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-08-14
Correspondence author: HU Shoulin (1968-), male, professor, master supervisor, mainly engaged in the research of agricultural sustainable development theory and technology, (E-mail)179390139@qq.com;
AI Xiantao (1979-), male, born in Shaanxi Province, researcher, master supervisor. His research interest covers cotton genetics and breeding, (E-mail)yixiantao@sina.com
Supported by:
Construction and Application of DNA Identification System for Cotton Varieties in Xinjiang Province(2020E02097);Key Cultivation Special Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research on Molecular Design Breeding Technology System for High Yield and Quality of Machine-picked Cotton in Xinjiang,(XJKCPY-2021005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析鉴定陆地棉种质材料机采相关农艺性状,筛选出适宜机采的棉花优良材料。【方法】对120份种质材料的15个农艺性状进行变异系数、相关性、主成分和聚类分析。【结果】15个农艺性状变异分析表明,除生育期与叶绿素SPAD值的变异系数较低,分别为4.9%与4.6%,其余农艺性状变异系数均大于5%,其中叶片总数变异系数最大,为47.7%。生育期与叶枝数呈极显著正相关,与有效果枝数、衣分呈极显著负相关;株高与果枝始节高度、果枝数、有效果枝数、单株铃数和叶绿素SPAD值均呈极显著正相关,与衣分呈极显著负相关;果枝始节与果枝始节高度呈极显著正相关,与果枝数呈极显著负相关;果枝始节高度与叶绿素SPAD值呈极显著正相关;单株铃数与果枝数、有效果枝数、叶枝数、叶片总数、单铃重、叶绿素SPAD值呈极显著正相关,与衣分呈显著负相关。在欧氏距离为5时,120份材料可分为7个类群,各类群材料各有优势,第Ⅰ类群材料除株高外,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类群除生育期外,其余性状均较符合机采要求。共提取出5个主成分,累计贡献率达77.07%,解释了120份棉花材料12个数量性农艺性状绝大部分信息,前3个主成分因子分别为单株铃数、生育期、果枝始节高度,因子4与因子5为单铃重。【结论】获得10份机采棉育种的后备优良材料。

关键词: 陆地棉; 机采性状; 农艺性状; 鉴定分析

Abstract:

【Objective】 The agronomic characters of machine-picked upland cotton resource materials were analyzed and identified, and the excellent cotton materials suitable for machine-picked cotton were selected.【Methods】 Variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed for 15 agronomic characters of 120 germplasm materials.【Results】 The variation analysis of 15 agronomic traits showed that the variation coefficients of the other agronomic traits were all greater than 5% except the growth period and chlorophyll SPAD value, which were 4.9% and 4.6%, respectively. The variation coefficient of total leaf was the largest, which was 47.7%. The growth period was positively correlated with the number of leaf branches, and negatively correlated with the number of effective fruit branches and coat fraction. Plant height was positively correlated with the height of initial node, the number of fruit branches, the number of effective fruit branches, the number of bolls per plant and chlorophyll SPAD value, and was negatively correlated with clothing fraction. The first node of fruit branch was positively correlated with the height of the first node of fruit branch, and negatively correlated with the number of fruit branch. The height of initial node of fruit branch was positively correlated with chlorophyll SPAD value. The boll number per plant was positively correlated with the number of fruit branches, the number of effective fruit branches, the number of leaf branches, the total number of leaves, the weight of single boll and the value of chlorophyll SPAD, and was negatively correlated with the content of clothes. 120 materials could be divided into 7 groups when Euclidean distance was 5, and each group had its own advantages. The group Ⅰ materials met the requirements of mechanical cotton harvesting except plant height, and the group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ materials met the requirements of mechanical cotton harvesting except that the growth period did not meet the ripness requirements. Five principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, with a cumulative contribution rate of 77.07%. most of the information of 12 quantitative agronomic traits of 120 cotton materials were explained. The first three principal components were boll number per plant, growth period and height of fruit branch beginning, and factor 4 and factor 5 were boll weight.【Conclusion】 Ten cotton materials were obtained,which can be used as reserve and excellent materials for cotton breeding by machine.

Key words: Gossypium hirsutum; mechanical character; agronomic character; identification analysis

中图分类号:

S562

马青山, 杜霄, 陶志鑫, 韩万里, 龙遗磊, 艾先涛, 胡守林. 陆地棉种质材料机采农艺性状鉴定分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1830-1839.

MA Qingshan, DU Xiao, TAO Zhixin, HAN Wanli, LONG Yilei, AI Xiantao, HU Shoulin. Identification and analysis of machine-picked agronomic characters of Gossypium hirsutum resource materials[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(8): 1830-1839.

图/表 10

参考文献 25

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国家 State	材料分布 Material distribution	地区 Region	数量 Number	代表性材料名称 Representative material name
中国 China	西北内陆	新疆	22	新陆中10号、新陆早40号
		甘肃	2	酒棉10号、酒棉11号
	黄河流域	河北	22	希普6、冀科棉1号
		山东	9	K638、华棉5号
		河南	16	柳棉2号、新科棉1号
		山西	2	晋棉55号、晋棉56号
		陕西	3	陕棉3号、陕棉4号
	长江流域	江苏	12	徐棉266、大泽棉
		湖南	3	洞庭1号、洞庭3号
		江西	1	中棉所109
		四川	3	川简1号、川棉56
		湖北	3	荆55173、枝6705
	辽宁特早熟	辽宁	10	旱农棉早1号、朝阳棉1号
美国 America	国外种质	-	9	斯字棉2B、帝国棉
前苏联 Soviet Union	国外种质	-	1	108F
澳大利亚 Australia	国外种质	-	1	奥试3503
日本 Japan	国外种质	-	1	农林1号

国家 State	材料分布 Material distribution	地区 Region	数量 Number	代表性材料名称 Representative material name
中国 China	西北内陆	新疆	22	新陆中10号、新陆早40号
		甘肃	2	酒棉10号、酒棉11号
	黄河流域	河北	22	希普6、冀科棉1号
		山东	9	K638、华棉5号
		河南	16	柳棉2号、新科棉1号
		山西	2	晋棉55号、晋棉56号
		陕西	3	陕棉3号、陕棉4号
	长江流域	江苏	12	徐棉266、大泽棉
		湖南	3	洞庭1号、洞庭3号
		江西	1	中棉所109
		四川	3	川简1号、川棉56
		湖北	3	荆55173、枝6705
	辽宁特早熟	辽宁	10	旱农棉早1号、朝阳棉1号
美国 America	国外种质	-	9	斯字棉2B、帝国棉
前苏联 Soviet Union	国外种质	-	1	108F
澳大利亚 Australia	国外种质	-	1	奥试3503
日本 Japan	国外种质	-	1	农林1号

描述性指标 Descriptive index	记载标准 Recording criteria
株型 Plant type	1:塔型2:筒型3:倒塔型
果枝类型 Type of fruit branch	1:1式2:2式3:1、2式
吐絮程度 Degree of floc emergence	1:紧2:中3:畅

描述性指标 Descriptive index	记载标准 Recording criteria
株型 Plant type	1:塔型2:筒型3:倒塔型
果枝类型 Type of fruit branch	1:1式2:2式3:1、2式
吐絮程度 Degree of floc emergence	1:紧2:中3:畅

农艺性状 Agronomic trait	变异幅度 Variation rang	极差 Range	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 (%) CV
株高 Plant height	32.7~83.5	50.8	58.883	9.435	16.0
果枝始节 Sympodial branch node	3.9~7.1	3.2	5.783	0.608	10.5
果枝始节高 Height of first node of fruit branch	13.8~33.3	19.5	24.235	3.727	15.4
果枝数 Sympodial branch number	5.2~11.7	6.5	8.290	1.298	15.7
有效果枝数 Number of effective fruit branch	2.3~7.5	5.2	5.203	1.023	19.7
单株铃数 Bolls per plant	2.2~15	12.8	8.964	2.926	32.6
叶片总数 Total leaf number	17.8~126.9	109.1	44.261	21.118	47.7
单铃重 Boll weight	3~8.5	5.5	6.128	0.784	12.8
衣分 Lint percentage	0.24~0.64	0.4	0.401	0.048	12.0
叶绿素 SPAD值 Chlorophyll value	57.3~75.7	18.4	67.111	3.105	4.6
生育期 Growth period	124~154	30	137.875	6.802	4.9

陆地棉种质材料机采农艺性状鉴定分析

Identification and analysis of machine-picked agronomic characters of Gossypium hirsutum resource materials

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Metrics

性状 Character	最小值 Mini- mum value	最大值 Maxi- mum value	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	变异系数 (%) CV
果枝类型 Type of fruit branch	1	3	2.583	0.512	19.8
株型 Plant type	1	2	1.367	0.484	35.4
吐絮程度 Degree of floc emergence	1	3	2.517	0.550	21.8

农艺性状 Agronomic trait	株高 Plant height	果枝始节 Sympodial branch node	果枝始节高度 Height of first node of fruit branch	果枝数 Sympodial branch number	有效果枝数 Number of effective fruit branch	单株铃数 Bolls per plant	叶枝数 Number of leaf branches	叶片总数 Total leaf number	单铃重 Boll weight	衣分 Lint percentage	叶绿素值 Chlorophyll value	生育期 Growth period
株高 Plant height	1
果枝始节 Sympodial branch node	-0.059	1
果枝始节高度 Height of first node of fruit branch	0.538^**	0.508^**	1
果枝数 Sympodial branch number	0.598^**	-0.361^**	-0.042	1
有效果枝数 Number of effective fruit branch	0.346^**	-0.036	0.053	0.566^**	1
单株铃数 Bolls per plant	0.450^**	-0.137	0.041	0.538^**	0.671^**	1
叶枝数 Number of leaf branches	0.233^*	0.098	0.147	0.192^*	0.008	0.381^**	1
叶片总数 Total leaf number	0.181^*	-0.191^*	0.014	0.283^**	0.076	0.337^**	0.560^**	1
单铃重 Boll weight	0.062	-0.022	0.025	0.054	0.188^*	0.251^**	0.102	0.197^*	1
衣分 Lint percentage	-0.255^**	0.043	-0.029	-0.366^**	0.061	-0.199^*	-0.472^**	-0.427^**	0.006	1
叶绿素值 Chlorophyll value	0.393^**	0.063	0.237^**	0.345^**	0.203^*	0.353^**	0.240^**	0.192^*	0.095	-0.230^*	1
生育期 Growth period	0.119	0.129	0.09	0.059	-0.321^**	-0.13	0.31^**	0.186^*	0.146	-0.476^**	0.072	1

类群Group	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	Ⅵ	Ⅶ
株高Plant height	45.7	61.5	61.1	74.5	59.8	56.8	56.4
果枝始节Sympodial branch node	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.7	5.5	5.1	6.0
果枝始节高度Height of first node of fruit branch	21.9	24.7	24.6	27.6	24.2	21.1	24.5
果枝数Sympodial branch number	7.0	8.5	8.5	9.3	8.6	9.4	8.8
有效果枝数Number of effective fruit branch	4.7	5.4	5.4	5.0	4.7	5.7	4.1
单株铃数Bolls per plant	6.1	9.3	10.5	8.9	9.2	13.1	7.4
叶枝数Number of leaf branches	2.3	3.0	4.0	3.5	4.5	5.1	4.9
叶片总数Total leaf number	29.1	33.8	58.9	45.5	81.5	107.6	126.9
单铃重Boll weight	6.0	6.1	6.1	6.1	6.5	6.7	8.0
衣分Lint percentage	0.444	0.400	0.390	0.387	0.356	0.347	0.292
叶绿素值Chlorophyll value	64.8	67.2	67.4	70.7	67.3	72.0	65.8
生育期Growth period	133	138	138	141	144	138	154
果枝类型Type of fruit branch	3	2、3	2、3	2、3	2、3	3	2
株型Plant type	2	1	1	1	1	2	1
吐絮程度Degree of floc emergence	2、3	2、3	2、3	2、3	2、3	2	2

农艺性状 Agronomic trait	主成分Principle factor
农艺性状 Agronomic trait	1	2	3	4	5
株高Plant height	0.72	-0.05	0.38	-0.33	0.22
果枝始节Sympodial branch node	-0.14	0.40	0.71	0.24	-0.20
果枝始节高度Height of first node of fruit branch	0.25	0.30	0.82	-0.05	0.02
果枝数Sympodial branch number	0.76	-0.32	-0.17	-0.33	0.17
有效果枝数Number of effective fruit branch	0.54	-0.66	0.20	0.16	-0.06
单株铃数Bolls per plant	0.77	-0.37	0.01	0.23	-0.17
叶枝数Number of leaf branches	0.59	0.49	-0.13	0.22	-0.41
叶片总数Total leaf number	0.58	0.28	-0.38	0.25	-0.28
单铃重Boll weight	0.26	-0.02	-0.04	0.77	0.54
衣分Lint percentage	-0.55	-0.52	0.31	0.24	0.003
叶绿素值Chlorophyll value	0.57	0.04	0.25	-0.10	0.03
生育期Growth period	0.20	0.73	-0.15	-0.06	0.45
特征值Eigenvalue	3.47	2.04	1.73	1.13	0.90
贡献率(%) Contributionrate	28.88	16.96	14.38	9.38	7.47
累积贡献率(%) Cumulativepercentage	28.88	45.84	60.22	69.60	77.07

材料名称 Material name	主成分Principle factor					综合得分 Composite score	排名 Ranking
材料名称 Material name	1(P₁)	2(P₂)	3(P₃)	4(P₄)	5(P₅)	综合得分 Composite score	排名 Ranking
新陆早42号Xinluzao 42	3.50	2.69	1.08	-1.57	0.20	1.49	1
新陆早40号Xinluzao 40	2.64	2.02	-0.42	0.33	-0.49	1.04	2
新陆早48号Xinluzao 48	1.20	0.92	1.50	-0.02	-0.51	0.68	3
邢台W-2 Xingtai W-2	0.95	0.73	1.46	0.85	-0.35	0.66	4
无号Wuhao	1.35	1.04	1.69	-0.46	-1.43	0.66	5
新陆早16号Xinluzao 16	1.44	1.10	0.34	-0.61	-0.20	0.58	6
新陆早13号Xinluzao 13	2.35	1.80	-2.16	0.19	-2.61	0.50	7
辽棉30号Liao mian 30	0.70	0.54	0.97	1.64	-1.74	0.46	8
农林1号Nonglin 1	1.00	0.77	0.59	-1.21	-0.08	0.39	9
鲁7619 Lu7619	0.41	0.31	1.32	0.40	-0.35	0.37	10
73-782	-0.53	-0.41	2.38	1.09	-0.76	0.17	11
一树红One tree red	0.55	0.42	-0.48	1.07	-1.79	0.13	12
新陆早15号Xinluzao 15	-0.29	-0.22	1.03	-0.77	-0.39	-0.08	13
辽棉25号Liaomian 25	-1.08	-0.83	0.18	0.36	0.19	-0.38	14
辽棉18号Liaomian 18	-1.17	-0.90	0.17	0.07	-1.35	-0.56	15
辽棉23号Liaomian 23	-1.63	-1.25	1.17	-0.71	-0.04	-0.59	16
新陆早19号Xinluzao 19	-0.85	-0.65	-1.36	-1.28	-0.10	-0.68	17
冀中棉608 Jizhongmian 608	-3.02	-2.31	-0.68	0.68	-0.12	-1.31	18
中创85 Zhongchuang 85	-5.25	-4.03	-3.27	-1.07	-0.20	-2.79	19

材料名称 Material name	株高 Plant height	果枝始节 Sympodial branch node	果枝始节高度 Height of first node of fruit branch	单株铃数 Bolls per plant	单铃重 Boll weight	生育期 Growth period	果枝类型 Type of fruit branch	株型 Plant type	吐絮程度 Degree of floc emergence
新陆早42号Xinluzao 42	83.5	5.3	24.3	13.3	5.8	128	2	1	3
新陆早40号Xinluzao 40	72.2	5.3	23.1	13.1	6.6	130	3	1	2
新陆早48号Xinluzao 48	72.4	5.8	28.0	11.7	6.3	129	3	1	3
邢台W-2 Xingtan W-2	68.7	5.7	29.1	11.1	6.8	129	2	1	3
无号Wuhao	66.3	5.9	28.2	11.0	5.4	125	2	1	3
新陆早16号Xinluzao 16	73.1	5.2	24.1	12.0	5.8	130	2	2	2
农林1号Nonglin 1	76.9	5.2	24.3	12.4	5.6	130	3	1	3
鲁7619 Lu7619	64.6	5.8	29.3	11.8	6.3	129	3	2	3
73-782	60.1	6.3	31.6	11.3	6.5	124	3	1	3
新陆早15号Xinluzao 15	67.1	5.9	26.2	7.6	5.7	129	3	2	2
平均值Average value	70.5	5.6	26.8	11.5	6.1	128	2、3	1、2	2、3

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