不同树龄对胡杨叶片水势与光合特征的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同树龄对胡杨叶片水势与光合特征的影响。【方法】选取2个树龄(3 a、5 a)胡杨,分析叶水势和光合参数。【结果】(1)2种树龄胡杨在快速生长期内叶水势日进程总体上均呈“V”型,且树龄越小对应的胡杨光合能力越弱,叶水势越高;(2)树龄不同,其光合因子变化亦有所差异,其中5年生胡杨胞间CO₂浓度、气孔导度、水分利用效率日均值显著高于3年生(P<0.05);(3)快速生长期2个树龄胡杨叶水势均与生理因子蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),且均表现由气孔限制因素引起的光合作用减弱。【结论】2个树龄胡杨叶水势的变化因树龄不同而异,不同树龄胡杨光合日变化特征差异不显著。随着树龄的增加,胡杨光合能力提升,胡杨的水分利用效率较高,生产力较高。

关键词: 胡杨; 叶水势; 光合特性; 不同树龄

Abstract:

【Objective】 to reveal the effects of different tree ages on leaf water potential and photosynthetic characteristics of Populus euphraticain Xinjiang. 【Methods】 The leaf water potential and photosynthetic parameters of Populus euphraticaat two tree ages (3 and 5 years) were chosen for analysis. 【Results】 (1) The diurnal process of leaf water potential of two tree ages of Populus euphraticashowed a "V" shape in general, and the younger the tree age, the weaker the photosynthetic capacity and the higher the leaf water potential; (2) The changes of photosynthetic factors were also different with different tree ages. The daily mean values of intercellular CO₂ concentration, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of 5-year-old Populus euphraticawere significantly higher than those of 3-year-old Populus euphratica(P< 0.05); (3) The leaf water potential of Populus euphraticaat two tree ages in the rapid growth period was significantly positively correlated with the transpiration rate of physiological factors (P< 0.01), and both showed the weakening of photosynthesis caused by stomatal constraints. 【Conclusion】 The changes of leaf water potential of Populus euphraticaat two tree ages vary with different tree ages, and the diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthesis of Populus euphraticaat different tree ages are not significant. In general, with the increase of tree age, the photosynthetic capacity of Populus euphraticais improved, and the water use efficiency and productivity of Populus euphraticaare higher.

Key words: Populus euphratica; leaf water potential; photosynthetic characteristics; different tree ages

中图分类号:

S792.119

史智欣, 武胜利, 管文轲, 韩玮, 岳永江, 何宇翔. 不同树龄对胡杨叶片水势与光合特征的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1119-1127.

SHI Zhixin, WU Shengli, GUAN Wenke, HAN Wei, YUE Yongjiang, HE Yuxiang. Effects of Different Tree Ages on Leaf Water Potential and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Populus euphratica[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1119-1127.

图/表 5

图1 胡杨叶水势日变化

Fig.1 Daily variation of leaf water potential of P.euphratica in the study area

图2 快速生长期内研究区环境因子日变化

Fig.2 Daily variation of environmental factors in the study area during rapid growth period

图3 快速生长期内不同树龄胡杨光合特性指标日变化

Fig.3 Diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics of P.euphratica at different ages during rapid growth period

表1 叶水势与环境因子相关系数

Table 1 Correlation coefficient between leaf water potential and environmental factors

月份 Mouth	树龄 Tree age	温度 T	光合有效辐射 PAR	大气CO₂浓度 Ca	相对湿度 RH
6	3	-0.738^*	-0.726^*	0.514	0.719^*
6	5	-0.89 $9 * *$	-0.499	0.738^*	0.649
7	3	-0.684	-0.86 $0 * *$	0.693	0.037
7	5	-0.88 $4 * *$	-0.039	0.744^*	0.326
8	3	-0.829^*	-0.89 $2 * *$	0.281	0.058
8	5	-0.533	-0.525	0.581	0.88 $3 * *$

表1 叶水势与环境因子相关系数

Table 1 Correlation coefficient between leaf water potential and environmental factors

月份 Mouth	树龄 Tree age	温度 T	光合有效辐射 PAR	大气CO₂浓度 Ca	相对湿度 RH
6	3	-0.738^*	-0.726^*	0.514	0.719^*
6	5	-0.89 $9 * *$	-0.499	0.738^*	0.649
7	3	-0.684	-0.86 $0 * *$	0.693	0.037
7	5	-0.88 $4 * *$	-0.039	0.744^*	0.326
8	3	-0.829^*	-0.89 $2 * *$	0.281	0.058
8	5	-0.533	-0.525	0.581	0.88 $3 * *$

表2 叶水势与光合生理因子相关性

Table 2 Correlation between leaf water potential and physiological factors

月份 Mouth	树龄 Tree age	胞间 CO₂浓度 Ci	气孔导度 Gs	蒸腾速率 Tr	净光合速率 Pn	气孔限制值 Ls	水分利用效率 WUE
6	3	0.680	-0.521	-0.813^*	-0.507	-0.526	0.368
6	5	0.789^*	-0.367	-0.85 $3 * *$	-0.386	-0.668	0.285
7	3	0.804^*	-0.756^*	-0.783^*	-0.770^*	-0.800^*	-0.179
7	5	0.642	-0.461	-0.85 $3 * *$	-0.352	-0.423	0.588
8	3	0.706	-0.245	-0.87 $3 * *$	-0.713^*	-0.83 $9 * *$	-0.127
8	5	0.86 $4 * *$	-0.402	-0.86 $8 * *$	-0.801^*	-0.784^*	0.442

表2 叶水势与光合生理因子相关性

Table 2 Correlation between leaf water potential and physiological factors

月份 Mouth	树龄 Tree age	胞间 CO₂浓度 Ci	气孔导度 Gs	蒸腾速率 Tr	净光合速率 Pn	气孔限制值 Ls	水分利用效率 WUE
6	3	0.680	-0.521	-0.813^*	-0.507	-0.526	0.368
6	5	0.789^*	-0.367	-0.85 $3 * *$	-0.386	-0.668	0.285
7	3	0.804^*	-0.756^*	-0.783^*	-0.770^*	-0.800^*	-0.179
7	5	0.642	-0.461	-0.85 $3 * *$	-0.352	-0.423	0.588
8	3	0.706	-0.245	-0.87 $3 * *$	-0.713^*	-0.83 $9 * *$	-0.127
8	5	0.86 $4 * *$	-0.402	-0.86 $8 * *$	-0.801^*	-0.784^*	0.442

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