不同灌水量和密度对无膜棉光合特性及产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.003

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 797-809.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.003

• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇下一篇

不同灌水量和密度对无膜棉光合特性及产量的影响

李同蕊(), 高振, 王冀川(), 石元强, 刘强, 周相, 陈雪梅, 王振洋

塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2021-07-12 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-24
通信作者: 王冀川
作者简介:李同蕊(1997-),女,宁夏银川人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物生理,(E-mail) 1335801071@qq.com
基金资助:
南京农业大学-塔里木大学联合基金“南疆机采无膜棉高效促控平衡栽培基础与技术”(NNLH201903);兵团师域发展创新支持计划“棉田地膜污染农艺治理关键技术研究与示范”(2017NYGG07);兵团第三师图木舒克市科技计划“棉田减肥减药关键技术研究与示范”(YJ2019CX05)

Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts and Densities on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Membrane-Free Cotton

LI Tongrui(), GAO Zhen, WANG Jichuan(), SHI Yuanqiang, LIU Qiang, ZHOU Xiang, CHEN Xuemei, WANG Zhenyang

College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2021-07-12 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-24
Correspondence author: WANG Jichuan
Supported by:
Nanjing Agricultural University & Tarim University Joint Fund Project "The Basis and Technology of High Efficiency, Promoting and Controlling Balanced Cultivation of Machine-Picked Non-Film Cotton in Southern Xinjiang"(NNLH201903);Division Area Development Innovation Support Program Project of XPCC " Key Technology Research and demonstration of Cotton Field Plastic Film Pollution Control"(2017NYGG07);Tumushuke Science and Technology Project of the Third Division "Research and Demonstration on Key Technology of Reducing Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide in Cotton Field"(YJ2019CX05)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究灌水量和种植密度对滴灌无膜棉光合特性和产量的影响。【方法】以“中619”为供试材料,设置两因素裂区田间试验,其中灌水量为主区,分别为3 000 m³/hm²(W₁)、4 500 m³/ hm²(W₂)和 6 000 m³/ hm² (W₃);密度为副区,分别为29.24×10⁴株/hm²(M₁)、26.32×10⁴株/hm²(M₂)、23.92×10⁴株/hm²(M₃)和21.93×10⁴株/hm²(M₄),分析无膜棉群体叶面积指数(LAI)动态、光合指标变化及产量差异特征。【结果】盛花期是无膜棉LAI及光合功能最大期,随密度和灌水量增加,LAI增加, W₂M₃处理的LAI变化较平稳,后期LAI较高,W₃M₁处理LAI表现最高,但盛花期后下降速度快;适宜灌水及合理密度有利于叶片光合功能提高,其中盛花期W₂M₃、W₂M₄和W₃M₃处理的P_n、G_s和T_r较高,C_i较低,且日变化中的光合“午休”不明显,其最大值分别为29.1032.15 μmolCO₂/(m²·s)、0.911.07 mol/(m²·s)、12.7813.87 mmolH₂O/(m²·s)和112.1131.0 μmolCO₂/(m²·s),产量达6 890.717 496.79 kg/hm²的较高水平。W₃M₄处理的LAI及光合指标虽然较高,但后期下降过快,而W₁M₁各项指标均表现最低,灌水及密度过高或过低均不利于叶片光合功能的提高;灌水量与密度对叶片生长及光合指标的影响具有互作效应,且密度效应高于水分效应。【结论】较适宜的灌水量及种植密度范围为4 500 6 000 m³/hm²和21.93×10⁴ 23.62×10⁴株/hm²,当灌水量5 034.73 m³/hm²、种植密度24.63×10⁴株/hm²时的产量最高为7 508.82 kg/hm²。

关键词: 灌水量; 密度; 无膜棉; 光合特性; 产量构成

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of irrigation amount and planting density on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of drip irrigation membrane-free cotton.【Method】 Field tests designed by the two-factor split zone were carried out with "medium 619" as the test material, the main area was irrigation amount, which was 3,000 m³/hm² (W₁), 4,500 m³/hm² (W₂) and 6,000 m³/hm² (W₃), respectively; the sub-area was density, which was 29.24×10⁴/hm²(M₁), 26.32×10⁴/hm² (M₂), 23.92×10⁴/hm² (M₃) and 21.93×10⁴/hm² (M₄), respectively, to study the dynamics of membrane-free cotton population leaf area index (LAI), photolysis indicators and yield differences.【Results】 Full-blooming stage was the maximum period of filmless cotton LAI and photolysis function, and the LAI increased with density and irrigation amount.The LAI change of W₂M₃treatment was more stable and higher in the later stage.The LAI of W₃M₁ treatment was the highest, but it decreased rapidly after the full flowering stage.Suitable irrigation and reasonable density were beneficial to the improvement of photosynthetic function of leaves.The treatments W₂M₃, W₂M₄ and W₃M₃ had higher P_n, G_s and T_r and lower C_i at full flowering stage, and the diurnal photosynthetic "midday depression" was not obvious, and its maximum values were 29.10-32.15 μmolCO₂/(m ²·s), 0.91-1.07 mol/(m²·s), 12.78-13.87 mmolH₂O /(m²·s) and 112.1-131.0 μmolCO₂/mol, respectively, and the yield reached a high level of 6,890.71-7,496.79 kg/hm².Although the LAI and photosynthetic index of W₃M₄ treatment were higher, they decreased too fast in the later stage, while the W₁M₁ showed the lowest, indicating that too high or too low irrigation and density were not conducive to the improvement of photosynthetic function of leaves.The effects of irrigation amount and density on leaf growth and photosynthetic index had interaction effect, and the effect of density was higher than that of water.【Conclusion】 Through analysis, the suitable irrigation amount and planting density in this region are 4,500-6,000 m³/hm² and 21.93×10⁴-23.62×10⁴/hm².The highest yield is 7,508.82 kg/hm² when the irrigation amount is 5,034.73 m³/hm² and the planting density is 24.63 × 10 ⁴ /hm².

Key words: irrigation amount; density; membrane-free cotton; photosynthetic characteristics; yield compositions

中图分类号:

S562

李同蕊, 高振, 王冀川, 石元强, 刘强, 周相, 陈雪梅, 王振洋. 不同灌水量和密度对无膜棉光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 797-809.

LI Tongrui, GAO Zhen, WANG Jichuan, SHI Yuanqiang, LIU Qiang, ZHOU Xiang, CHEN Xuemei, WANG Zhenyang. Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts and Densities on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Membrane-Free Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(4): 797-809.

图/表 10

图1 不同灌水量与密度处理下无膜棉群体LAI动态注:①横坐标刻度图标的PBS、FBS、IFS、PFS、BS和BOS分别表示初蕾期、盛蕾期、初花期、盛花期、铃期和吐絮期;②同列不同小写字母表示同一灌溉水平下不同密度处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同

Fig.1 LAI dynamics of membrane-free cotton population under different irrigation amount and density Note:①PBS, FBS, IFS, PFS, BS and BOS of abscissa scale icon indicate the primary bud stage, full bud stage, initial flowering stage, peak flowering stage, boll stage and boll opening stage, respectively; ②Different small in the same column meant significant difference in different density treatments at the same irrigation level (P<0.05).The same as below

图2 不同灌水量与密度处理下无膜棉盛花期单叶Pn日变化

Fig.2 Pn-day changes of membrane-free cotton leaf at full flowering stage under different irrigation amount and density

图3 不同灌水量与密度处理下无膜棉盛花期单叶Gs日变化

Fig.3 Gs-day changes of membrane-free cotton leaf at full flowering stage under different irrigation amount and density

图4 不同灌水量与密度处理下无膜棉盛花期单叶Tr日变化

Fig.4 Tr-day changes of membrane-free cotton leaf at full flowering stage under different irrigation amount and density

图5 不同灌水量与密度处理下无膜棉盛花期单叶Ci日变化

Fig.5 Ci-day changes of membrane-free cotton leaf at full flowering stage under different irrigation amount and density

表1 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Pn变化

Table 1 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the P n of membrane-free cotton [μmolCO2/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	9.50^b	12.31^c	21.41^b	20.49^c	8.50^c
	M₂	10.61^a	13.37^c	24.01^ab	21.00^c	10.22^b
	M₃	10.85^a	16.61^a	26.76^a	25.97^a	11.84^a
	M₄	10.39^ab	15.20^b	24.2 $5 a b$	23.82^b	11.30a^b
	均值	10.34	14.37	24.11	22.82	10.47
W₂	M₁	11.64^c	15.05^c	24.91^c	24.09^c	7.08^d
	M₂	12.13^c	16.6 $7 b c$	27.3 $0 b c$	27.49^b	9.05^c
	M₃	15.55^a	20.80^a	32.15^a	30.44^a	15.83^a
	M₄	13.82^b	17.86^b	29.1 $0 a b$	27.68^b	13.99^b
	均值	13.29	17.6	28.36	27.42	11.49
W₃	M₁	9.84^c	12.43^c	22.77^c	20.97^b	8.93^b
	M₂	10.7 $8 b c$	14.0 $3 b c$	25.19^b	24.2 $1 a b$	8.54^b
	M₃	12.22^a	18.28^a	29.73^a	28.63^a	10.77^a
	M₄	11.7 $3 a b$	15.9 $9 a b$	26.04^b	25.5 $4 a b$	6.85^c
	均值	11.14	15.18	25.98	24.84	8.77
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	69.46^**	19.76^**	203.75^**	15.47^**	68.12^**
	M	13.43^*	145.11^**	403.46^**	19.89^**	15.89^*
	W×M	14.92^**	18.34^**	16.04^**	10.62^**	32.33^**

表1 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Pn变化

Table 1 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the P n of membrane-free cotton [μmolCO2/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	9.50^b	12.31^c	21.41^b	20.49^c	8.50^c
	M₂	10.61^a	13.37^c	24.01^ab	21.00^c	10.22^b
	M₃	10.85^a	16.61^a	26.76^a	25.97^a	11.84^a
	M₄	10.39^ab	15.20^b	24.2 $5 a b$	23.82^b	11.30a^b
	均值	10.34	14.37	24.11	22.82	10.47
W₂	M₁	11.64^c	15.05^c	24.91^c	24.09^c	7.08^d
	M₂	12.13^c	16.6 $7 b c$	27.3 $0 b c$	27.49^b	9.05^c
	M₃	15.55^a	20.80^a	32.15^a	30.44^a	15.83^a
	M₄	13.82^b	17.86^b	29.1 $0 a b$	27.68^b	13.99^b
	均值	13.29	17.6	28.36	27.42	11.49
W₃	M₁	9.84^c	12.43^c	22.77^c	20.97^b	8.93^b
	M₂	10.7 $8 b c$	14.0 $3 b c$	25.19^b	24.2 $1 a b$	8.54^b
	M₃	12.22^a	18.28^a	29.73^a	28.63^a	10.77^a
	M₄	11.7 $3 a b$	15.9 $9 a b$	26.04^b	25.5 $4 a b$	6.85^c
	均值	11.14	15.18	25.98	24.84	8.77
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	69.46^**	19.76^**	203.75^**	15.47^**	68.12^**
	M	13.43^*	145.11^**	403.46^**	19.89^**	15.89^*
	W×M	14.92^**	18.34^**	16.04^**	10.62^**	32.33^**

表2 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Gs 变化

Table 2 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the Gs of membrane-free cotton [mol/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	0.27^c	0.32^c	0.49^b	0.32^c	0.1 $0 b c$
	M₂	0.32^b	0.37^c	0.53^b	0.45^b	0.1 $2 a b$
	M₃	0.41^a	0.59^a	0.74^a	0.59^a	0.15^a
	M₄	0.38^a	0.50^b	0.70^a	0.5 $3 a b$	0.08^c
	均值	0.34	0.44	0.61	0.47	0.11
W₂	M₁	0.34^c	0.41^d	0.66^c	0.49^b	0.08^c
	M₂	0.3 $7 b c$	0.51^c	0.74^c	0.5 $9 a b$	0.11^b
	M₃	0.46^a	0.68^a	1.07^a	0.71^a	0.11^b
	M₄	0.4 $3 a b$	0.56^b	0.93^b	0.68^a	0.15^a
	均值	0.4	0.54	0.85	0.62	0.11
W₃	M₁	0.28^b	0.41^c	0.54^c	0.43^d	0.13^b
	M₂	0.3 $2 b c$	0.46^c	0.70^b	0.53^c	0.07^c
	M₃	0.43^a	0.65^a	0.91^a	0.67^a	0.18^a
	M₄	0.4 $0 a b$	0.51^b	0.87^a	0.58^b	0.11^b
	均值	0.36	0.51	0.75	0.55	0.12
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	15.49^**	102.0^**	105.07^**	31.02^**	39.05^**
	M	10.78^*	15.26^*	286.54^**	15.77^*	3.80^ns
	W×M	9.19^**	42.23^**	73.28^*	13.46^**	17.84^**

表2 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Gs 变化

Table 2 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the Gs of membrane-free cotton [mol/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	0.27^c	0.32^c	0.49^b	0.32^c	0.1 $0 b c$
	M₂	0.32^b	0.37^c	0.53^b	0.45^b	0.1 $2 a b$
	M₃	0.41^a	0.59^a	0.74^a	0.59^a	0.15^a
	M₄	0.38^a	0.50^b	0.70^a	0.5 $3 a b$	0.08^c
	均值	0.34	0.44	0.61	0.47	0.11
W₂	M₁	0.34^c	0.41^d	0.66^c	0.49^b	0.08^c
	M₂	0.3 $7 b c$	0.51^c	0.74^c	0.5 $9 a b$	0.11^b
	M₃	0.46^a	0.68^a	1.07^a	0.71^a	0.11^b
	M₄	0.4 $3 a b$	0.56^b	0.93^b	0.68^a	0.15^a
	均值	0.4	0.54	0.85	0.62	0.11
W₃	M₁	0.28^b	0.41^c	0.54^c	0.43^d	0.13^b
	M₂	0.3 $2 b c$	0.46^c	0.70^b	0.53^c	0.07^c
	M₃	0.43^a	0.65^a	0.91^a	0.67^a	0.18^a
	M₄	0.4 $0 a b$	0.51^b	0.87^a	0.58^b	0.11^b
	均值	0.36	0.51	0.75	0.55	0.12
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	15.49^**	102.0^**	105.07^**	31.02^**	39.05^**
	M	10.78^*	15.26^*	286.54^**	15.77^*	3.80^ns
	W×M	9.19^**	42.23^**	73.28^*	13.46^**	17.84^**

表3 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉 Tr 变化

Table 3 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the Tr of membrane-free cotton [mmol H 2 O/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	4.05^d	7.13^d	8.23^d	4.24^c	1.08^d
	M₂	5.62^c	8.01^c	9.62^c	5.90^b	2.75^c
	M₃	8.11^a	9.26^a	11.31^b	6.76^a	3.38^a
	M₄	6.31^b	8.30^b	10.35^a	6.11^b	2.04^b
	均值	6.02	8.18	9.88	5.75	2.31
W₂	M₁	6.43^b	8.16^b	9.70^c	6.26^b	2.67^d
	M₂	7.83^a	8.5 $7 b c$	12.54^b	6.43^b	3.35^c
	M₃	7.58^a	10.64^a	13.87^a	8.38^a	4.52^a
	M₄	6.70^b	8.95^c	13.40^a	6.53^b	3.95^b
	均值	7.14	9.08	12.38	6.9	3.62
W₃	M₁	5.80^d	6.78^c	9.04^a	6.31^b	1.66^d
	M₂	6.24^c	8.23^b	11.27^b	5.84^b	2.45^c
	M₃	8.36^a	10.47^a	12.78^a	7.23^a	3.62^a
	M₄	7.75^b	8.51^b	11.00^b	6.20^b	2.74^b
	均值	7.04	8.5	11.02	6.4	2.62
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	5.07^*	27.80^**	32.66^**	6.11^*	22.86^**
	M	2.27^ns	5.89^*	28.81^**	4.31^Ns	20.66^**
	W×M	134.73^**	34.50^**	134.65^**	43.02^**	201.73^**

表3 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉 Tr 变化

Table 3 Effects of different irrigation volume and density on the Tr of membrane-free cotton [mmol H 2 O/(m2·s)]

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	4.05^d	7.13^d	8.23^d	4.24^c	1.08^d
	M₂	5.62^c	8.01^c	9.62^c	5.90^b	2.75^c
	M₃	8.11^a	9.26^a	11.31^b	6.76^a	3.38^a
	M₄	6.31^b	8.30^b	10.35^a	6.11^b	2.04^b
	均值	6.02	8.18	9.88	5.75	2.31
W₂	M₁	6.43^b	8.16^b	9.70^c	6.26^b	2.67^d
	M₂	7.83^a	8.5 $7 b c$	12.54^b	6.43^b	3.35^c
	M₃	7.58^a	10.64^a	13.87^a	8.38^a	4.52^a
	M₄	6.70^b	8.95^c	13.40^a	6.53^b	3.95^b
	均值	7.14	9.08	12.38	6.9	3.62
W₃	M₁	5.80^d	6.78^c	9.04^a	6.31^b	1.66^d
	M₂	6.24^c	8.23^b	11.27^b	5.84^b	2.45^c
	M₃	8.36^a	10.47^a	12.78^a	7.23^a	3.62^a
	M₄	7.75^b	8.51^b	11.00^b	6.20^b	2.74^b
	均值	7.04	8.5	11.02	6.4	2.62
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	5.07^*	27.80^**	32.66^**	6.11^*	22.86^**
	M	2.27^ns	5.89^*	28.81^**	4.31^Ns	20.66^**
	W×M	134.73^**	34.50^**	134.65^**	43.02^**	201.73^**

表4 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Ci变化

Table 4 Effects of different irrigation water and density on the Ci of membrane-free cotton cells (μmolCO2/mol)

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	333.29^a	243.26^a	207.32^a	211.07^a	274.72^a
	M₂	321.23^a	232.63^b	168.73^b	196.17^b	257.47^b
	M₃	303.30^b	189.76^c	154.8 $2 b c$	179.67^c	248.84^b
	M₄	297.34^b	172.08^d	141.39^c	165.20^d	210.56^c
	均值	313.79	209.43	168.06	188.03	247.90
W₂	M₁	343.67^a	232.85^a	191.31^a	194.40^a	248.86^a
	M₂	332.17^a	212.09^b	134.90^b	181.23^b	225.90^a
	M₃	311.41^b	164.42^c	123.05^b	179.30^b	214.77^a
	M₄	290.05^c	160.54^d	117.97^b	154.87^c	199.03^a
	均值	319.33	192.48	141.81	177.45	222.14
W₃	M₁	340.08^a	239.00^a	167.14^a	190.60^a	265.56^a
	M₂	338.60^a	223.33^a	154.1 $1 a b$	177.73^b	240.4 $8 a b$
	M₃	327.22^a	168.30^b	137.8 $7 a b$	162.87^c	222.93^b
	M₄	292.19^b	153.86^b	126.41^b	159.73^c	204.76^b
	均值	324.52	196.12	146.39	172.73	233.43
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	27.63^**	121.46^**	21.68^**	54.09^**	1.10^ns
	M	17.29^*	4.07^ns	17.04^*	29.58^**	0.63^ns
	W×M	10.93^**	27.05^**	13.06^**	26.51^**	0.55^ns

表4 不同灌水量与密度下无膜棉Ci变化

Table 4 Effects of different irrigation water and density on the Ci of membrane-free cotton cells (μmolCO2/mol)

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density	初蕾期 Primary bud stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Peak flowering stage	铃期 Bolling stage	吐絮期 Boll opening stage
W₁	M₁	333.29^a	243.26^a	207.32^a	211.07^a	274.72^a
	M₂	321.23^a	232.63^b	168.73^b	196.17^b	257.47^b
	M₃	303.30^b	189.76^c	154.8 $2 b c$	179.67^c	248.84^b
	M₄	297.34^b	172.08^d	141.39^c	165.20^d	210.56^c
	均值	313.79	209.43	168.06	188.03	247.90
W₂	M₁	343.67^a	232.85^a	191.31^a	194.40^a	248.86^a
	M₂	332.17^a	212.09^b	134.90^b	181.23^b	225.90^a
	M₃	311.41^b	164.42^c	123.05^b	179.30^b	214.77^a
	M₄	290.05^c	160.54^d	117.97^b	154.87^c	199.03^a
	均值	319.33	192.48	141.81	177.45	222.14
W₃	M₁	340.08^a	239.00^a	167.14^a	190.60^a	265.56^a
	M₂	338.60^a	223.33^a	154.1 $1 a b$	177.73^b	240.4 $8 a b$
	M₃	327.22^a	168.30^b	137.8 $7 a b$	162.87^c	222.93^b
	M₄	292.19^b	153.86^b	126.41^b	159.73^c	204.76^b
	均值	324.52	196.12	146.39	172.73	233.43
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	27.63^**	121.46^**	21.68^**	54.09^**	1.10^ns
	M	17.29^*	4.07^ns	17.04^*	29.58^**	0.63^ns
	W×M	10.93^**	27.05^**	13.06^**	26.51^**	0.55^ns

表5 灌水量、密度下产量及其构成因素变化

Table 5 Effects of water volume and density on yield and its composition

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density
W₁	M₁	4.01^c	2.91^c	23.38^a	2 731.35^d
	M₂	4.29^b	3.94^b	21.04^b	3 549.18^c
	M₃	5.05^a	4.26^a	19.36^c	4 164.55^a
	M₄	5.12^a	4.38^a	16.87^d	3 779.82^b
	均值	4.62	3.87	20.16	3 556.23
W₂	M₁	4.46^b	6.13^c	23.28^a	6 356.19^c
	M₂	4.8 $0 a b$	6.90^b	20.65^b	6 836.84^b
	M₃	5.09^a	7.59^a	19.41^b	7 496.79^a
	M₄	5.26^a	7.88^a	16.68^c	6 913.66^b
	均值	4.90	7.13	20.01	6 900.87
W₃	M₁	4.18^b	6.13^c	23.16^a	5 932.68^c
	M₂	4.5 $8 a b$	6.76^b	21.10^b	6 541.62^b
	M₃	4.99^a	7.10^a	19.44^b	6 890.71^a
	M₄	4.83^b	7.29^a	17.54^c	6 178.65^c
	均值	4.65	6.82	20.31	6 385.92
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	2.76^ns	362.11^**	1.84^ns	1 053.15^**
	M	48.85^**	68.07^**	15.76^**	52.17^**
	W×M	11.51^**	175.62^**	27.38^**	390.14^**

表5 灌水量、密度下产量及其构成因素变化

Table 5 Effects of water volume and density on yield and its composition

灌水量 Irrigation amount	密度 Density
W₁	M₁	4.01^c	2.91^c	23.38^a	2 731.35^d
	M₂	4.29^b	3.94^b	21.04^b	3 549.18^c
	M₃	5.05^a	4.26^a	19.36^c	4 164.55^a
	M₄	5.12^a	4.38^a	16.87^d	3 779.82^b
	均值	4.62	3.87	20.16	3 556.23
W₂	M₁	4.46^b	6.13^c	23.28^a	6 356.19^c
	M₂	4.8 $0 a b$	6.90^b	20.65^b	6 836.84^b
	M₃	5.09^a	7.59^a	19.41^b	7 496.79^a
	M₄	5.26^a	7.88^a	16.68^c	6 913.66^b
	均值	4.90	7.13	20.01	6 900.87
W₃	M₁	4.18^b	6.13^c	23.16^a	5 932.68^c
	M₂	4.5 $8 a b$	6.76^b	21.10^b	6 541.62^b
	M₃	4.99^a	7.10^a	19.44^b	6 890.71^a
	M₄	4.83^b	7.29^a	17.54^c	6 178.65^c
	均值	4.65	6.82	20.31	6 385.92
ANOVA检验F值 F value of ANOVA
F	W	2.76^ns	362.11^**	1.84^ns	1 053.15^**
	M	48.85^**	68.07^**	15.76^**	52.17^**
	W×M	11.51^**	175.62^**	27.38^**	390.14^**

参考文献 26

[1]	董合干. 地膜残留对棉花产量影响的极限研究[D]. 石河子:石河子大学, 2013.
	DONG Hegan. The limit effect of film residue on cotton yields[D]. Shihezi: Shihezi University, 2013.
[2]	喻树迅. 无膜棉对中国棉花产业转型升级的意义[J]. 农学学报, 2019, 9(3):1-5.
	YU Shuxun. The Significance of filmless cotton to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's cotton industry[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2019, 9(3):1-5.
[3]	李志刚, 叶含春, 肖让. 不同灌水量对棉花光合特性的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2013, 40(22):14-17,29.
	LI Zhigang, YE Hanchun, XIAO Rang. Influence of different irrigation water on photosynthetic characteristics of cotton[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Science, 2013, 40(22):14-17,29.
[4]	Cowling S A, Field C B. Environmental control of leaf area production: Implications for vegetation and land-surface modeling[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003, 17(1):7-14.
[5]	Drewry D T, Kumar P, Long S, et al. Ecohydrological responses of dense canopies to environmental variability:1.Inter play between vertical structure and photosynthetic pathway[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, 2010, 115(G4) :985-989.
[6]	Drewry D T, Kumar P, Long S, et al. Ecohydrological responses of dense canopies to environmental variability: 2.Role of acclimation under elevated CO₂[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, 2010, 115(G4):6291-6297.
[7]	王瑞. 花铃期持续土壤干旱影响棉花产量品质形成的生理生态机制研究[D]. 南京:南京农业大学, 2016.
	WANG Rui. Ecological and physiological responses of cotton to drought during flowering and boll-forming period[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agriculture University, 2016
[8]	张东升, 韩硕, 王旗, 等. 枣棉间作条件下棉花密度对棉花光合特性及产量影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2014, 26(4):334-341.
	ZHANG Dongsheng, HAN Shuo, WANG Qi, et al. Effect of plant density on photosynjournal characters and yield of cotton in the jujube-cotton intercropping systems[J]. Cotton Science, 2014, 26(4):334-341.
[9]	王孝刚, 张教海, 夏松波, 等. 密度对麦后直播棉生育特性、产量及品质的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2017, 56(2):222-224,241.
	WANG Xiaogang, ZHANG Jiaohai, XIA Songbo, et al. The effect of density on growth characteristics and yield and quality in field seeding cotton after wheat[J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 56(2):222-224,241.
[10]	牛媛, 杨相昆, 张占琴, 等. 揭膜种植方式下不同灌水量对棉花光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019, 47(16):82-88.
	NIU Yuan, YANG Xiangkun, ZHANG Zhanqing, et al. Effects of different irrigation amount on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton under planting method of uncovering plastic film[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47(16):82-88.
[11]	王冀川, 马富裕, 冯胜利, 等. 加工番茄叶面积指数动态的知识模型研究[J]. 石河子大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 26(1):35-40.
	WANG Jichuan, MA Fuyu, FENG Shengli, et al. Studies on dynamic knowledge model for design of leaf area index in processing tomato[J]. Journal of Shihezi University (Natural Science), 2008, 26(1):35-40.
[12]	陈云, 刘伟, 胡彦, 等. 紫背天葵光合日变化规律及影响因子分析[J]. 文山学院学报, 2020, 33(3):18-21,36.
	CHEN Yun, LIU Wei, HU Yan, et al. The analysis of diurnal variation and influence factors of photosynjournal of Gynura Bicolor DC[J]. Journal of Wenshan university, 2020, 33(3):18-21,36.
[13]	Jiang J, Huo Z L, Feng S Y, et al. Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in arid Northwest China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2013, 5(2):143-154. DOI URL
[14]	Bouthiba A, Debaeke P, Hamoudi S A. Varietal differences in the response of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.var.durum) to irrigation strategies in a semi-arid region of Algeria[J]. Irrigation Science, 2008, 26(3):239-251. DOI URL
[15]	郭增江, 于振文, 石玉, 等. 不同土层测墒补灌对小麦旗叶光合特性和干物质积累与分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(4):731-738.
	GUO Zhenjiang, YU Zhenwen, SHI Yu, et al. Photosynjournal characteristics of flag leaf and dry matter accumulation and allocation in winter wheat under supplemental irrigation after measuring moisture content in different soil layers[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(4):731-738.
[16]	张旺锋, 王振林, 余松烈, 等. 种植密度对新疆高产棉花群体光合作用、冠层结构及产量形成的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2004, 28(2):164-171. DOI
	ZHANG Wangfeng, WANG Zhenling, YU Songlie, et al. Effect of planting density on canopy photosynjournal, canopy structure and yield formation of high-yield cotton groups in Xinjiang China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2004, 28(2):164-171. DOI
[17]	牛玉萍, 陈宗奎, 陈厚川, 等. 不同滴灌模式下种植密度对棉花冠层结构特性的调节[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2016, 53(10):1765-1777.
	NIU Yuping, CHEN Zhongkui, CHEN Houchuan, et al. Effect of planting density on canopy structure characteristics of cotton under different drip irrigation patterns[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 53(10):1765-1777.
[18]	陈立宇, 张立峰, 路战远, 等. 痕量灌溉对棉花花铃期光合性能日变化及产量的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2020, 39(4):9-16.
	CHEN Liyu, ZHANG Lifeng, LU Zhanyuan, et al. The effects of trace irrigation on the yield and daily change of photosynjournal during flowering and boll stage of cotton[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2020, 39(4):9-16.
[19]	辛明华, 王占彪, 李小飞, 等. 南疆棉区机采种植模式下棉花种植密度研究[J]. 山东农业科学, 2020, 52(1):46-52.
	XIN Minghua, WANG Zhanbiao, LI Xiaofei, et al. Study on suitable planting density of cotton under machine-picked planting mode in South Xinjiang[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 52(1):46-52.
[20]	Ennahli S, Earl H J. Physiological limitations to photosynthetic carbon assimilation in cotton under water stress[J]. Crop Science, 2005, 45(6):2374-2382. DOI URL
[21]	段鹏飞, 赵地. 密度对棉花主茎叶衰老特性及产量和品质的影响[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 2017, 40(5):12-17.
	DUAN Pengfei, ZHAO Di. Effect of density on leaf senescence, yield and quality of cotton[J]. Journal of Agricultural University of Heibei, 2017, 40(5):12-17.
[22]	冯克云, 王宁, 南宏宇, 等. 水分亏缺下化肥减量配施有机肥对棉花光合特性与产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(1):125-137. DOI
	FENG Keyun, WANG Ning, NAN Hongyu, et al. Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction with organic fertilizer application under water deficit on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(1):125-137. DOI
[23]	杜刚锋, 汪江涛, 孙雪冰, 等. 不同灌溉方式和灌水量对棉花冠层叶铃配置的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(7):1177-1186. DOI
	DU Gangfeng, WANG Jiangtao, SUN Xuebing, et al. Effects of irrigation method and irrigation amount on cotton crown leaf boll configuration[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(7):1177-1186. DOI
[24]	刘素华, 彭延, 彭小峰, 等. 调亏灌溉与合理密植对旱区棉花生长发育及产量与品质的影响[J]. 棉花学报, 2016, 28(2):184-188.
	LIU Shuhua, PENG Yan, PENG Xiaofeng, et al. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation and plant density on plant growth and yield and fiber quality of cotton in dry land area[J]. Cotton Science, 2016, 28(2):184-188.
[25]	马卉, 牛玉萍, 夏军, 等. 滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花叶片衰老特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(11):1972-1982. DOI
	MA Hui, NIU Yuping, XIA Jun, et al. Effect of drip irrigation pattern and planting density on leaf senescence of cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(11):1972-1982. DOI
[26]	王洪博, 曹辉, 高阳, 等. 南疆无膜滴灌棉花灌溉制度对土壤水分和产量品质的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2020, 39(5):26-34.
	WANG Hongbo, CAO Hui, GAO Yang, et al. The effects of drip-irrigation scheduling without mulching on soil moisture, yield and quality of cotton in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2020, 39(5):26-34.

不同灌水量和密度对无膜棉光合特性及产量的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts and Densities on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Membrane-Free Cotton

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 26

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[2]	韩守安, 王敏, 麦合木提·图如普, 谢辉, 艾尔买克·才卡斯木, 刘佳乐, 张雯, 潘明启. 不同光质处理对赤霞珠葡萄叶片光合特性及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1894-1903.
[3]	朱学慧, 张雯, 马云龙, 何鹏飞, 韩守安, 王敏, 田嘉, 谢辉. 不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性差异性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1913-1921.
[4]	汤东, 安玉光, 程平, 李宏, 杨建军, 王凯. 天山北坡前山带典型灌木光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1531-1539.
[5]	申莹莹, 张巨松, 彭增莹, 段松江, 李宗润, 吴一帆. 缩节胺复配打顶剂对机采棉冠层结构、光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1110-1117.
[6]	程少雨, 林涛, 吴凤全, 侯培珂, 张丽莹, 汤秋香. 密度和灌溉定额对76 cm等行距棉田土壤硝态氮分布和氮素利用的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 521-531.
[7]	张建勋, 任金涛, 吴海军, 王聪, 章建新. 密度对不同株型春大豆品种花荚形成和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 539-546.
[8]	阿布来克·尼牙孜, 章世奎, 王绍鹏, 王亚铜, 樊国全. 根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨光合、荧光特性及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 344-350.
[9]	王家勇, 李春梅, 徐文修, 李鹏程, 张娜, 李玲, 马云珍, 王芳. 种植密度对76 cm等行距机采棉冠层结构、冠层温湿度及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2609-2617.
[10]	王海涛, 刘存敬, 唐丽媛, 张素君, 蔡肖, 李兴河, 马文娜, 韩俊伟, 张香云, 张建宏. 种植密度对适宜机采棉花品系农艺和产量品质性状的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2638-2645.
[11]	马媛媛, 李刚, 何旺, 赵宝龙, 鲁倩君, 陈丽靓, 刘迎. 外源褪黑素对NaCl胁迫下草莓幼苗生理特性的缓解效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2486-2495.
[12]	赵欣欣, 刘太杰, 韩迎春, 王国平, 陈焕轩, 熊世武, 雷亚平, 杨北方, 李亚兵, 冯璐. 种植密度对机采麦套棉产量形成及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2081-2090.
[13]	摆虹霞, 张亚红, 马小连, 黄嘉俊. 灌水频率和灌水量对温室黄瓜产量、品质及灌溉水利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2136-2146.
[14]	韩毅, 赵宝龙, 孙军利, 赵书成. 新疆桃实生优选单株叶片性状及光合特性日变化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2170-2178.
[15]	杨金钰, 孙九胜, 乔小燕, 王西和, 槐国龙, 崔磊. 不同穴播模式对玉米生长及产量构成的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2186-2191.