玉米浸泡和粉碎对绵羊日粮消化的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.11.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较浸泡和粉碎2种不同加工方式的玉米粒对绵羊的自由采食和消化的影响。为提高绵羊对玉米颗粒的消化和饲养提供参考依据。【方法】选取6只3岁、体重为(55.0±3.8)kg的健康小尾寒羊公羊,随机分为3组,每组2只。按照3×3拉丁方设计,在3个试验期给各组绵羊分别饲喂组成相同(70%混合精料+30%粉碎玉米秸秆,其中玉米含量55%)、但玉米处理不同的日粮(1、2和3),即整粒玉米为对照组(日粮1)、粉碎玉米(日粮2)、浸泡60~72 h的整粒玉米(日粮3)。【结果】3种日粮的干物质自由采食量分别为(1 566.9±121.6)、(1 579.6±98.5)和(1 466.1±101.2)g/羊/d,日粮3比日粮1和2分别显著降低6.4%(P<0.05)和7.2%(P<0.05)。干物质表观消化率分别为(57.92±0.63)、(62.63±0.53)和(66.39±0.75)%,日粮3比日粮1和2分别显著增加14.6%(P<0.05)和6.0%(P<0.05)。干物质消化量分别为(907.5±59.4)、(989.3±92.5)和(953.4±78.5)g/羊/d,日粮3比日粮1和2分别显著增加5.0%(P<0.05)和减少3.6%(P<0.05)。但日粮3和日粮2比日粮1粗纤维消化率和消化量均无显著差异(P > 0.05)。【结论】日粮中使用浸泡玉米饲喂绵羊会降低绵羊的自由采食量,但同时会提高绵羊的表观消化率,表明浸泡玉米饲喂更有利于促进绵羊的消化。

关键词: 绵羊; 玉米; 浸泡; 粉碎; 消化

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to compare the effects of corn kernels soaked and crushed in two different processing methods on voluntary feed intake (VFI) and digestion of sheep. It provides a reference for improving the digestion and feeding of corn pellets by sheep.【Method】 Six healthy small-tailed Han sheep rams aged 3 years old and weighing (55.0±3.8) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 in each group. According to the 3×3 Latin square design, each group of sheep was fed diets with the same composition (70% mixed concentrate + 30% crushed corn stalks, including 55% corn) but with different corn treatments during the three experimental periods. 1, 2 and 3), that is, whole corn as the control group (Diet 1), crushed corn (Diet 2), and whole corn soaked for 60 to 72 hours (Diet 3).【Result】 The VFI of the three diets were (1,566.9±121.6), (1,579.6±98.5)and (1,466.1±101.2) g/sheep/day. Diet 3 was significantly lower than diets 1 and 2 by 6.4% (P<0.05) and 7.2% (P<0.05). The AD of DM was (57.92±0.63), (62.63±0.53), and (66.39±0.75%) and diet 3 was significantly increased by 14.6% (P<0.05) and 6.0% (P<0.05) compared with diets 1 and 2. The DM digestibility was (907.5±59.4), (989.3±92.5) and (953.4±78.5) g/sheep/day. Diet 3 was significantly increased by 5.0% (P<0.05) and decreased by 3.6% (P<0.05) compared with diets 1 and 2. However, diet 3 and diet 2 had no significant difference in crude fiber digestibility and digestibility compared with diet 1 (P> 0.05).【Conclusion】 Feeding sheep with soaked corn in the diet will reduce the sheep's VFI, but at the same time will increase the AD of the sheep, indicating that the soaked corn feeding is more conducive to promoting the digestion of the sheep.

Key words: sheep; corn; soaking; crushing; digestion

中图分类号:

S815.4

巴·布日格旦, 雒秋江, 谢文龙, 潘榕. 玉米浸泡和粉碎对绵羊日粮消化的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(11): 2133-2138.

BA Burigedan, LUO Qiujiang, XIE Wenlong, PAN Rong. Effect of Soaking or Crushing of Shelled Corn on Digestion of Sheep[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(11): 2133-2138.

图/表 4

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饲料原料 Ingredients	%	项目 Items	%
玉米秸秆 Cornstalk	30.10	有机物	88.55
玉米 Corn	54.60	粗蛋白	12.69
棉仁粕 Cottonseed meal	10.90	粗纤维	25.32
菜籽饼 Rapeseed meal	2.90
营养添加剂 Nutritive additive	1.50
总计 In total	100.00

饲料原料 Ingredients	%	项目 Items	%
玉米秸秆 Cornstalk	30.10	有机物	88.55
玉米 Corn	54.60	粗蛋白	12.69
棉仁粕 Cottonseed meal	10.90	粗纤维	25.32
菜籽饼 Rapeseed meal	2.90
营养添加剂 Nutritive additive	1.50
总计 In total	100.00

处理Treatments:	整粒Shelled (日粮1)	粉碎Ground (日粮2)	整粒浸泡Shelled-soaked (日粮3)
干物质Dry matter	1 566.9±121.6^a	1 579.6±98.5^a	1 466.1±101.2^b
有机物Organic matter	1 387.5±79.0^a	1 398.70±95.4^a	1 298.26±89.3^b
混合精料Mixed concentrate	471.8±18.2^a	475.61±18.5^a	441.56±11.2^b
粉碎玉米秸秆Cornstalk	1 095.1±65.3	1 103.96±49.4	1 024.58±56.4

处理Treatments:	整粒Shelled (日粮1)	粉碎Ground (日粮2)	整粒浸泡Shelled-soaked (日粮3)
干物质Dry matter	1 566.9±121.6^a	1 579.6±98.5^a	1 466.1±101.2^b
有机物Organic matter	1 387.5±79.0^a	1 398.70±95.4^a	1 298.26±89.3^b
混合精料Mixed concentrate	471.8±18.2^a	475.61±18.5^a	441.56±11.2^b
粉碎玉米秸秆Cornstalk	1 095.1±65.3	1 103.96±49.4	1 024.58±56.4

处理Treatments:	整粒Shelled (日粮1)	粉碎Ground (日粮2)	整粒浸泡Shelled-soaked (日粮3)
干物质Dry matter	57.92±0.63^a	62.63±0.53^b	66.39±0.75^c
有机物Organic matter	56.57±1.12^a	61.18±0.82^b	65.55±0.50^c
粗蛋白Crude protein	49.41±0.33^a	52.92±1.14^b	58.12±0.76^c
粗纤维Crude fiber	21.56±0.24	22.49±0.45	22.31±0.38