新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (10): 1868-1875.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.10.013

• 棉花化肥农药减施 • 上一篇    下一篇

28种植物提取物对棉蚜的杀虫活性测定

方涛1(), 张军高2, 樊国全2, 陈勇2, 梁晶2, 李进2, 周小云2, 王莉1, 郑瑞明1, 鄢蓉1, 雷斌2()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-15 出版日期:2021-10-20 发布日期:2021-10-26
  • 通信作者: 雷斌
  • 作者简介:方涛(1995-),男,河南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物源杀虫剂,(E-mail) 1226093915@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201900);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队计划(2020D14001);“天山雪松计划”(2020XS16)

Preliminary Study on Insecticidal Activity of 28 Plant Extracts from Xinjiang to Cotton Aphids

Tao FANG1(), Jungao ZHANG2, Guoquan FAN2, Yong CHEN2, Jing LIANG2, Jin LI2, Xiaoyun ZHOU2, Li WANG1, Ruiming ZHENG1, Rong YAN1, Bin LEI2()   

  1. 1. Cotton Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education / College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. Xinjiang Crop Chemical Control Engineering Technology Research Center/Research Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2021-03-15 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-10-26
  • Correspondence author: Bin LEI
  • Supported by:
    National Key R & D Promgram Project(2017YFD0201900);Tianshan Innovation Team Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020D14001);Tianshan Cedar Program Project(2020XS16)

摘要:

【目的】筛选出具有较高杀毒棉蚜活性的植物资源,为植物源农药研制、棉蚜绿色防控及农药减施提供理论依据。【方法】采集新疆地区部分植物,运用超声提取法,提取28种植物中的活性物质,采用浸虫浸叶法,测定植物提取物对棉蚜的杀虫活性。【结果】曼陀罗、毒参、大戟等8种植物提取物具有较高杀蚜活性,其中曼陀罗提取物杀虫活性最高,毒参提取物次之,曼陀罗和毒参提取物24 h校正死亡率及LC50分别为75.18%、69.76%,15.58和20.54 mg/mL。【结论】曼陀罗和毒参甲醇提取物对棉蚜有较强的毒杀作用,曼陀罗提取物杀虫活性高于毒参提取物。

关键词: 棉花; 棉蚜; 植物提取物; 杀虫活性; 农药

Abstract:

【Objective】 Plant resources with high aphid killing activity were selected from some plants collected in Xinjiang, so as to provide theoretical basis for the development of botanical pesticide,green control of cotton aphid and pesticide reduction. 【Methods】 The active substances from 28 plants were extracted by ultrasonic extraction method, and the insecticidal activity of plant extracts against Aphis gossypii was determined by the method of soaking insects and leaves. 【Results】 The extracts of Datura stramonium, Hemlock and Euphorbia pekinensis had high aphid killing activity. Among them, the extracts of Datura stramonium had the highest aphid killing activity, followed by the extracts of Panax pekinensis. The 24 h corrected mortality and LC50 of Datura stramonium and Hemlock were 75.18%, 69.76%, 15.58 and 20.54 mg/mL, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The methanol extracts of Datura stramonium and Hemlock have strong insecticidal activity against Aphis gossypii. The insecticidal activity of Datura stramonium extract is higher than that of Hemlock extract. These two plant extracts can be used as active components of botanical pesticides for further research and development.

Key words: cotton; aphid; plant extract; insecticidal activity; pesticide

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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