施氮量对棉花养分吸收利用及产量和品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.07.008

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (7): 1246-1254.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.07.008

• 棉花化肥农药减施专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

施氮量对棉花养分吸收利用及产量和品质的影响

郭小琰¹, 孙桂兰², 熊世武², 陈焕轩³, 韩迎春², 王国平², 李存东¹, 李亚兵², 张永江¹, 王占彪^1,2,3

1.棉花生物学国家重点实验室河北基地 / 河北农业大学农学院,河北保定 071000;
2.棉花生物学国家重点实验室 / 中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳 455000;
3.棉花生物学国家重点实验室郑州研究基地 / 郑州大学,郑州 450000

收稿日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2021-07-27
通信作者: 王占彪(1986-),男,河北巨鹿人,副研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为作物栽培学与耕作学,(E-mail) wang_zhanbiao@126.com;张永江(1977-),男,河北抚宁人,副教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为棉花栽培生理和光谱监测,(E-mail) yongjiangzh@sina.com
作者简介:郭小琰(1993-),女,河北石家庄人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物栽培学与耕作学,(E-mail) guoxy1002@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201900)

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Nutrition Uptake and Utilization, Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton

GUO Xiaoyan¹, SUN Guilan², XIONG Shiwu², CHEN Huanxuan³, HAN Yingchun², WANG Guoping², LI Cundong¹, LI Yabing², ZHANG Yongjiang¹, WANG Zhanbiao^1,2,3

1. Hebei Base of State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology /Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang Henan 455000, China;
3. Zhengzhou Research Base of State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China

Received:2020-11-20 Published:2021-07-27
Correspondence author: WANG Zhanbiao (1986 - ), male, native place: Julu, Hebei, Deputy Researcher, PhD, master's tutor, research direction: Crop cultivation and farming, (E-mail) wang_zhanbiao@126.com ZHANG Yongjiang (1977 - ), male, native place: Funing, Hebei, Associate Professor, PhD, doctoral tutor, research direction: Cotton cultivation physiology and spectral monito, (E-mail) yongjiangzh@sina.com
Supported by:
National Key R & D Program Project of China “Research and Demonstration on Technology Integration of Fertilizer and Pesticide Application Reduction in Cotton”(2017YFD0201900)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究施氮量对棉花产量、养分吸收与分配、氮肥利用率及纤维品质的影响,为棉花生产合理施氮提供理论基础。【方法】以中棉所60号为材料,于2018和2019年连续2年大田试验。设置4个施氮水平(0、112.5、168.75、225 kg/hm²,分别以CK、N₁、N₂、N₃表示),在吐絮期采集植株茎、叶、生殖器官,测定干物质质量和氮磷钾积累量,计算氮肥利用率和棉花产量等指标。【结果】施氮量在0~225 kg/hm²,棉花产量随施氮量的增加而增加;施用氮肥可提高棉花吐絮期氮、磷、钾吸收量,施氮水平在0~168.75 kg/hm²,棉花氮、磷、钾吸收量随施氮量的增加而增加,过量施用氮肥后棉花氮、磷、钾吸收量下降;氮肥利用率以112.5 kg/hm²施氮量最高;施氮量对棉花纤维品质指标影响差异不显著。【结论】综合产量、氮肥利用率、养分吸收、分配及利用和纤维品质等指标,黄河流域棉区推荐施氮量为112.5~168.75 kg/hm²。

关键词: 棉花; 施氮量; 养分吸收利用; 氮肥利用率; 产量与品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 The research aims to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rates on cotton yield, nutrient uptake and distribution, nitrogen utilization rate and fiber quality with the view of proving theoretical basis for rational nitrogen application in cotton production.【Method】 Four nitrogen application levels (0, 112.5, 168.75 and 225 kg/hm², expressed by CK, N₁, N₂ and N₃ respectively) were established using cotton variety CCRI 60 in the field during 2018 and 2019. During the boll-opening period, plant samples were collected and separated into stem, leaf and reproductive organs, the dry matter quality, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation were investigated, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and cotton yield were calculated.【Result】 The results showed that when the amounts of applied N were ranged from 0-225 kg/hm², the cotton yield increased with the increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. Applying nitrogen fertilizer could increase the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the boll-opening stage of cotton. When the amounts of applied N ranged from 0-168.75 kg/hm², the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake of cotton plant increased with the increasing nitrogen application rates. The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer decreased the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was the highest with the amounts of applied N of 112.5 kg/hm². The nitrogen application rates had no significant effect on cotton fiber quality index.【Conclusion】 Considering the yield, nitrogen utilization, nutrient uptake, distribution and utilization and fiber quality, the recommended amount of nitrogen fertilizer in cotton area of Yellow River Basin was 112.5-168.75 kg/hm².

Key words: cotton; nitrogen application rate; nutrient uptake and utilization; nitrogen utilization rate; yield and fiber quality

中图分类号:

S562

郭小琰, 孙桂兰, 熊世武, 陈焕轩, 韩迎春, 王国平, 李存东, 李亚兵, 张永江, 王占彪. 施氮量对棉花养分吸收利用及产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(7): 1246-1254.

GUO Xiaoyan, SUN Guilan, XIONG Shiwu, CHEN Huanxuan, HAN Yingchun, WANG Guoping, LI Cundong, LI Yabing, ZHANG Yongjiang, WANG Zhanbiao. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Nutrition Uptake and Utilization, Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(7): 1246-1254.

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施氮量对棉花养分吸收利用及产量和品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Nutrition Uptake and Utilization, Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton

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