花期增温对香梨幼果期果实同化物积累及坐果率和萼片脱落的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.12.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 2196-2202.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.12.005

花期增温对香梨幼果期果实同化物积累及坐果率和萼片脱落的影响

努尔麦麦提·艾麦提¹,覃伟明²,夏热帕提·艾则孜¹,艾力江·麦麦提¹,李允¹,齐曼·尤努斯¹

1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;
2.新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州沙依东园艺场,新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2018-08-04 发布日期:2019-04-18
通信作者: 齐曼·尤努斯(1963-),女,新疆伊宁人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为果树生理,(E-mail)qimanyn@126.com
作者简介:努尔麦麦提·艾麦提(1990-),男,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树生理,(E-mail)nuermaimaitiamt@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“花期气温变化下库尔勒香梨脱萼果与宿萼果形成机理研究”(31360470)

Effects of Warming Treatments at Flowering Stage on Assimilate Accumulation, Fruit Setting Rate and Abscission of Calyx in Korla Fragrant Pear

Nuermaimaiti Aimeiti¹,QIN Wei-ming²,Xiarepati Aizezi¹, Ailijiang Maimaiti¹, LI Yun¹,Qiman Yunus¹

1.College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China; 2.Saydong Horticultural Farm of Bayingulan Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Korla Xinjiang 841000,China

Received:2018-08-04 Published:2019-04-18
Correspondence author: Qiman Yunus(1963-),female,native place: Yining, Xinjiang. Professor, Academic advisor,research field: Fruit Tree Physiology. (E-mail)qimanyn@126.com
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China "Research on Abscisic Calyx and Persistent Calyx Fruit Formation Mechanism of Korla Fragrant Pear under Flowering Temperature Changes" ( 31360470)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究库尔勒香梨花期温度变化对香梨果实脱萼率和坐果率的影响及其与同化物积累的关系,确定花期温度变化对库尔勒香梨果实发育的影响机制。【方法】以库尔勒香梨为试验材料,在初花期和盛花期进行增温处理,测定在坐果始期、萼片离层形成期与萼片脱落期的果实同化物含量的变化并观察梨果实脱萼率和坐果率。【结果】与对照相比,香梨不同花期增温处理均能降低脱萼率,盛花期增温处理的脱萼率差异极显著,降低了2.29倍;各处理组间坐果率差异均不显著。在坐果始期,盛花期增温处理后果实可溶性糖和蔗糖含量显著增加,相比对照分别高1.86和2.79倍,但初花处理与对照差异不显著。在萼片离层形成期未形成离层果实可溶性糖,蔗糖和淀粉含量均高于离层形成果。在萼片脱落期,各处理宿萼果果糖和淀粉含量均高与脱萼果。【结论】初花期增温处理对萼片脱落率和坐果始期果实同化物积累没有显著影响;盛花期增温处理促进坐果始期果实同化物积累,进而抑制萼片的脱落。

关键词: 库尔勒香梨; 同化物; 萼片脱落; 花期温度

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of warming treatments during the flowering period on calyx abscission rate, fruit setting rate and their relationship with assimilate accumulation were studied to determine the mechanism of flowering temperature changes on fruit development of Korla fragrant pear.【Method】"Korla fragrant pear" was used as experimental material with warming treatment in early flowering and full bloom stage to measure the changes of fruit assimilates at the beginning of fruit setting stage, sepal dissociation formation stage and sepal shedding stage and observe the calyx abscission rate and fruit setting rate.【Result】Compared with control, the calyx abscission rate was decreased with warming treatment at different flowering stages, and reached the significant level at full flowering stage treatment,which decreased 2.29 times. The soluble sugar and sucrose content of fruit at the beginning of fruit setting stage was increased significantly, 1.86 and 2.79 times higher than those of the control respectively after full flowering treatment, but there was no significant difference between the early flowering treatment and the control. Soluble sugar content, sucrose and starch content in abscission zone non-formed fruits were higher than those of abscission zone formed fruits. During the period of calyx abscission, fructose and starch contents in persistent calyx fruits were higher than those of abscisic calyx fruits.【Conclusion】Warming treatment at the early flowering stage has no significant effect on calyx abscission rate and fruit assimilate accumulation at the beginning of fruit setting stage, but the warming treatment at the peak flowering stage promoted the fruit assimilate accumulation, and then inhibited the falling off of sepals.

Key words: Korla fragrant pear; assimilates; calyx abscission; flowering temperature

中图分类号:

S662.1

努尔麦麦提·艾麦提, 覃伟明, 夏热帕提·艾则孜, 艾力江·麦麦提, 李允, 齐曼·尤努斯. 花期增温对香梨幼果期果实同化物积累及坐果率和萼片脱落的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(12): 2196-2202.

Nuermaimaiti Aimeiti, QIN Wei-ming, Xiarepati Aizezi, Ailijiang Maimaiti, LI Yun, Qiman Yunus. Effects of Warming Treatments at Flowering Stage on Assimilate Accumulation, Fruit Setting Rate and Abscission of Calyx in Korla Fragrant Pear[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(12): 2196-2202.

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花期增温对香梨幼果期果实同化物积累及坐果率和萼片脱落的影响

Effects of Warming Treatments at Flowering Stage on Assimilate Accumulation, Fruit Setting Rate and Abscission of Calyx in Korla Fragrant Pear

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