Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 644-651.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.013

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Cultivation Physiology·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of different types of fertilizers on peanut yield formation and nitrogen utilization in peanuts under border cultivation

LI Yuangao1(), YAN Yuemin2, LIU Meijia1, LI Xiuxia3, GE Zhanchang1, ZHANG Wensheng1, ZHAO Tingting4, WANG Jianguo4(), ZHANG Jialei4()   

  1. 1. Junan Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Linyi Shandong 276600, China
    2. Junan Shizi road Street Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center, Linyi Shandong 276600, China
    3. Fangqian Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service center of Junan County, Linyi Shandong 276600, China
    4. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
  • Received:2024-08-19 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-05-14
  • Correspondence author: WANG Jianguo, ZHANG Jialei
  • Supported by:
    Key Scientific R & D Program Projects of Shandong Province(ZFJH202310);Key Scientific R & D Program Projects of Shandong Province(2022CXPT031);Ear-marked Fund of China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13);Mount Taishan Scholar Project

畦作条件下不同种类肥料对花生产量形成和氮素利用的影响

李元高1(), 闫悦敏2, 刘美佳1, 李秀霞3, 葛战昌1, 张文生1, 赵婷婷4, 王建国4(), 张佳蕾4()   

  1. 1.莒南县农业农村局,山东临沂 276600
    2.莒南县十字路街道农业综合服务中心,山东临沂 276600
    3.莒南县坊前镇农业综合服务中心,山东临沂 276600
    4.山东省农业科学院,济南 250100
  • 通讯作者: 王建国,张佳蕾
  • 作者简介:李元高(1971-),男,山东临沂人,研究方向为农业经济管理和作物栽培,(E-mail) 15020973172@139.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划项目(ZFJH202310);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022CXPT031);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13);泰山学者工程

Abstract:

Objective】To explore the effects of different types of fertilizers on peanut yield formation and nitrogen utilization under border cultivation. 【Methods】Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different types of fertilizers on peanut yield, nitrogen,phosphorus, potassium, calcium nutrient accumulation and distribution, and nitrogen utilizat【Results】The results showed that the pod yield of CFG (Composite fertilizer and calcium fertilizer treatment), BBF (Biochar based fertilizer treatment), and SRF (Slow-release compound fertilizer treatment) were significantly increased by 15.0%, 7.3%, 12.9% compared to CF (Compound fertilizer treatment), respectively. Compared with CF treatment, CFG, BBF, and SRF treatments increased the dry matter accumulation of single plant by 8.2%, 7.1%, and 8.3%, respectively, and also increased the number of pods per plant and the weight of 100 pods, which was beneficial for improving the peanut harvest index. The leaf, pod and total plant nitrogen accumulation were 17.4%, 24.9%, 20.7% and 15.1%, 22.3%, 19.2% higher under CFG and SRF compared with CF, respectively. CFG had the highest total phosphorus accumulation in pods and plants, followed by SRF. There were no significant differences in stem and leaf potassium and calcium accumulation between SRF, BBF, and CFG treatments relative to CF, but potassium and calcium accumulation in pods were significantly higher than those of CF treatments, by 31.6%, 22.2%, 27.5% and 20.7%, 11.1%, 16.2%, respectively. Fertilization application reduced the distribution ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and, calcium in roots, stems, and leaves, and significantly increased the distribution ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus potassium and calcium in pods. Compared with CF treatment, the agronomic efficiency of CFG, SRF, and BBF treatments increased by 56.4%, 27.3%, and 39.6%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The application of compound fertilizer combined with calcium magnesium phosphorus fertilizer, slow-release compound fertilizer, and biochar based fertilizer treatment can promote the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in peanut roots, and also promote the distribution ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in reproductive organs and pods, increase pod yield, nitrogen partial productivity, and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency.

Key words: peanut; slow-release compound fertilizer; biochar-based fertilizer; border cultivation; nitrogen utilization

摘要:

目的】研究畦作条件下不同类型肥料对花生产量形成和氮素利用的调控效应。 【方法】设置大田试验,评估畦作条件下不同类型肥料对花生产量和氮、磷、钾、钙养分积累分配及氮素利用的影响。 【结果】CFG(复合肥+钙肥)、BBF(炭基肥)、SRF(缓释复混肥)的荚果产量较CF(复合肥)分别显著提高15.0%、7.3%、12.9%。与CF相比,CFG、BBF、SRF处理单株植株干物质积累量分别提高8.2%、7.1%和8.3%,增加了单株结果数和百果重,有利于提高花生收获指数。CFG和SRF处理的叶、荚果、植株氮积累量较CF分别提高17.4%、24.9%、20.7%和15.1%、22.3%和19.2%。荚果、植株磷素积累量均以CFG最高,SRF次之。SRF、BBF、CFG处理的茎和叶钾、钙积累量与CF间均无显著性差异,但荚果中钾、钙积累量均显著高于CF处理,分别提高31.6%、22.2%、27.5%和20.7%、11.1%和16.2%。施肥降低了氮、磷、钾和钙在根、茎和叶中的分配比例,显著提高了荚果中氮、磷、钾和钙的分配比例。相比CF处理,CFG、SRF和BBF氮肥农学效率分别提高56.4%、27.3%和39.6%。【结论】复合肥配施钙镁磷肥、缓释复混肥、炭基肥均可促进花生根系对氮、磷、钾、钙的吸收积累,提高了干物质与氮、磷、钾、钙在生殖器官荚果中的分配比例,增加了荚果产量,有利于氮素偏生产力和氮肥农学效率的提高。

关键词: 花生, 缓释复混肥, 炭基肥, 畦作, 氮素利用

CLC Number: