Effects of different drought stresses on anatomical structure of roots, stems and leaves of two apricot varieties

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.11.009

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (11): 2684-2692.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.11.009

• Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Physiology and Biochemistry·Microbes • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different drought stresses on anatomical structure of roots, stems and leaves of two apricot varieties

CHENG Yunxia¹(), TAN Zhanming¹(), GUO Ling¹, LI Wenwen², DU Jiageng¹

1. Collage of Horticulture and Forestry, Tarim University/South Xinjiang Facility Agriculture Brigade Key Laboratory, Aral Xinjiang 843300,China
2. Collage of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2024-05-15 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2025-01-08
Correspondence author: TAN Zhanming
Supported by:
Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China "Mechanism of Adaptive Variation of S-RNase and SFB genes in the Pamir Plateau of Xinjiang(32160694);National Key R & D Sub-Project "Study on the Genetic Diversity and the Origin and Evolution of Xinjiang Apricot Germplasm Based on DNA-Barcode and RAD-Seq/SNP"(2019YFD1000602-2);Open-up Project Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of XPCC(BRYB1704);Xinjiang vegetable industry technical system(XJARS-07)

不同干旱胁迫对野生山杏和人工栽培山杏品种根茎叶解剖结构的影响

程云霞¹(), 谭占明¹(), 郭玲¹, 李雯雯², 杜佳庚¹

1.塔里木大学园艺与林学学院/南疆设施农业兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

通讯作者: 谭占明
作者简介:程云霞(1996-),女,新疆石河子人,讲师,研究方向为设施园艺植物栽培与生理生态,(E-mail)chengyunxia2018@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“新疆帕米尔高原杏自交不亲和S-RNase和SFB基因适应性变异机制研究”(32160694);国家重点研发计划子课题“基于DNA条形码和RAD-Seq/SNP的新疆杏种质的遗传多样性及其起源演化研究”(2019YFD1000602-2);新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护与利用重点实验室开放课题资助项目(BRYB1704);新疆蔬菜产业技术体系(XJARS-07)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To treat the wild apricot varieties and cultivated varieties by simulating different degrees of drought stress, in order to provide a basis for screening out the excellent varieties with strong drought tolerance.【Methods】 One-year-old artificially cultivated apricot seedlings and wild cultivated apricot seedlings in southern Xinjiang were used as materials, and polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) was used to artificially simulate drought, and the anatomical structures of roots, stems and leaves were observed by optical microscope.【Results】 The results showed that with the increase of drought stress, the diameter of stem pith of wild apricot and cultivated apricot showed a decreasing trend, and the structure was compact and developed, while the thickness of xylem showed an increasing trend. Among them, the thickness of the xylem of the stem of the wild variety was larger than that of the cultivated variety, and the diameter of the pith was smaller than that of the cultivated variety. With the increase of drought stress, the thickness of leaf upper epidermis, lower epidermis, palisade tissue and spongy tissue decreased significantly, and the thickness of cuticle increased significantly. Among them, the thickness of cuticle, palisade tissue and spongy tissue of wild varieties were larger than those of cultivated varieties, and the upper and lower epidermis of leaves were smaller than those of cultivated varieties. And through the principal component analysis, it was concluded that the comprehensive score of the wild variety's adaptability to drought stress was higher than that of the artificial cultivated variety.【Conclusion】 The changes of apricot root, stem and leaf structure are the adaptive characteristics of apricot to cope with drought stress. The plant adjusts the root, stem and leaf structure according to the degrees of water deficit to maintain survival and growth. The wild varieties have strong adaptability to drought stress than the cultivated varieties

Key words: wild apricot; artificial cultivation of mountain apricots; drought stress; root; stem; leaf; anatomical structure

摘要：

【目的】分析不同干旱胁迫处理下,野生山杏和人工栽培山杏品种根茎叶解剖结构的变化,为筛选出耐旱性强的优良杏品种提供依据。【方法】以1年生人工栽培山杏与野生山杏实生苗为材料,采用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)人工模拟干旱,并用光学显微镜观察其根茎叶的解剖结构。【结果】随着干旱胁迫的增加,野生山杏和人工栽培杏茎髓直径均呈下降趋势,且结构紧密、发达,而木质部厚度则呈上升趋势。其中,野生山杏品种茎的木质部厚度大于人工栽培山杏品种,髓直径小于人工栽培山杏品种,野生山杏髓发达程度高于人工栽培山杏品种。随着干旱胁迫的增强,叶片上表皮、下表皮、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度显著减小,角质层厚度显著增加。其中,野生山杏品种角质层、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度大于人工栽培山杏,叶片上表皮、下表皮小于人工栽培山杏品种。野生山杏品种的对干旱胁迫的适应能力综合得分高于人工栽培山杏。【结论】杏根茎叶结构适应特征的变化均与干旱胁迫相关,植株根据水分亏缺程度调整根茎叶结构以维持生存和生长,干旱胁迫下野生山杏品种较人工栽培山杏具有较强的适应性。

关键词: 野生山杏, 人工栽培山杏, 干旱胁迫, 根, 茎, 叶, 解剖结构

CLC Number:

S662.2

CHENG Yunxia, TAN Zhanming, GUO Ling, LI Wenwen, DU Jiageng. Effects of different drought stresses on anatomical structure of roots, stems and leaves of two apricot varieties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(11): 2684-2692.

程云霞, 谭占明, 郭玲, 李雯雯, 杜佳庚. 不同干旱胁迫对野生山杏和人工栽培山杏品种根茎叶解剖结构的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(11): 2684-2692.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1 Changes of drought stress on pith diameter of two apricot cultivars Notes:The different letters above the error line show significant differences,the same as below

Fig.2 Changes of drought stress on xylem thickness of two apricot cultivars

Fig.3 Changes of drought stress on phloem thickness of two apricot varieties

Fig.4 Changes of drought stress on cuticle thickness of two apricot cultivars

Fig.5 Changes of drought stress on the epidermis thickness of two apricot cultivars

Fig.6 Changes of drought stress on the thickness of lower epidermis of two apricot cultivars

Fig.7 Changes of drought stress on the thickness of palisade tissue of two apricot varieties

Fig.8 Changes of drought stress on the thickness of sponge tissue in two apricot varieties

Fig.9 Changes of stem anatomy of two apricot cultivars under drought stress Notes:R(1)The cultivated varieties grew normally;R(2) The cultivated varieties grew under drought stress;Y(1) The wild variety grows normally;Y(2) Wild varieties grow under drought stress;x-Xylem;ph-Phloem;m-Marrow,the same as below

Fig.10 Changes of stem anatomy of two apricot varieties under drought stress Notes:R(1)The cultivated varieties grew normally;R(2) The cultivated varieties grew under drought stress;Y(1) The wild variety grows normally;Y(2) Wild varieties grow under drought stress;e-Epidermic structure;p-Palisade;cell;s-Spongy tissue;the same as below,the same as below

Fig.11 Changes of root anatomy of two apricot varieties under drought stress

Fig.12 PCA principal component analysis diagram

Tab.1 Comprehensive scores and comprehensive ranking of drought resistance of two apricot varieties with different treatments

种类 Type	第一主成分得分 First principal component score	第二主成分得分 Second principal component score	第三主成分得分 Third principal component score	综合得分 Compre- hensive score	综合排名 Compre- hensive ranking
RCK	-7.86	-1.13	1.29	-5.28	8
R5%	-2.83	1.25	0.76	-1.61	6
R10%	0.66	0.2	0.66	0.56	4
R15%	4.21	2.11	0.23	3.18	2
YCK	-4.99	0.17	-2.11	-3.6	7
Y5%	-0.98	-0.15	-0.73	-0.78	5
Y10%	3.78	-1.46	-0.07	2.31	3
Y15%	8.02	-0.99	-0.04	5.23	1

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Effects of different drought stresses on anatomical structure of roots, stems and leaves of two apricot varieties

不同干旱胁迫对野生山杏和人工栽培山杏品种根茎叶解剖结构的影响

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