Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (11): 2693-2704.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.11.010

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Cultivation Physiology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between the anatomical structure of xylem and embolization characteristics of drought tolerant rootstocks of almond

YU Qiuhong1(), XU Panyun2, GUO Chunmiao2, Dilixiati Hasimu1, Mubareke Ayoupu1()   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2024-04-19 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2025-01-08
  • Correspondence author: Mubareke Ayoupu
  • Supported by:
    Key research and development program of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024B02018-1);Basic Scientific R &D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(KY2020110)

扁桃耐旱砧木木质部解剖结构与栓塞特性的关系分析

于秋红1(), 许盼云2, 郭春苗2, 迪利夏提·哈斯木1, 木巴热克·阿尤普1()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学生命科学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 通讯作者: 木巴热克·阿尤普
  • 作者简介:于秋红(1998-),女,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物逆境生理,(E-mail)2074276722@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2024B02018-1);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费项目(KY2020110)

Abstract:

【Objective】 To analyze the adaptation mechanism of drought resistant rootstocks of almond to the drought stress environment from the relationship between the stem xylem anatomical structure and the embolism characteristics.【Methods】 The one-year old seedlings of five different almond rootstocks with different drought tolerance levels, including Da Badan (Amygdalus communes var.fragilis)(C1), Ku Badan ( A.communs var.amara)(C2), Tianren Taobadan [A.communs var. persistides (West.) Rehd.](C3), Kuren Taobadan [A.communs var.persistides (West.) Rehd.](C4), and Xinjiang local peach (A.persista L.)(C5), were selected as research materials.Using the "external pressure" method, combined with the "XYLEM xylem hydraulic conductivity and embolism measurement system" and "PMS pressure chamber", the degree of stem natural embolism level and embolism vulnerability value (P50) were measured under normal cultivation conditions.The embolism repairment of the embolized branches at different time periods (30, 80, 130, 180 min) and the xylem anatomical characteristics were analyzed to explore the relationship between the anatomical structure of the stem xylem, the embolism resistance, and the embolism repairment of different drought resistant almond rootstocks.【Results】 (1) The vulnerability curves(CV) of Da Badan, TianRen Taobadan, Ku Badan, and local peaches were in an "S" shape, while the CV curves of Kuren Taobadan were in an "R" shape; (2) The order of stem xylem embolism resistance (P50) was Da Badan> TianRen Taobadan> Ku Badan> Kuren Taobadan>Local Peach, with Da Badan having the most embolism resistant xylem; (3) The order of xylem embolism repair ability was as follows: Local peach> TianRen Taobadan> Kuren Taobadan> Ku Badan > Da Badan; (4) The drought resistant rootstocks as Da Badan, Ku Badan, and TianRen Taobadan all had small vessels and micropores, high wood density, thick conduit walls and theoretical mechanical strength of conduit walls.They had relative strong embolism resistant ability, but were weaker to embolism repairment.Local peaches and Kuren Taobadan had larger vessels and micropores, lower wood density, and its vessel wall thickness, and theoretical mechanical strength of the vessel wall were smaller than other rootstocks.【Conclusion】 In summary, the xylem embolism resistance is negatively correlated with embolism repair ability in different almond rootstocks, and the drought resistant rootstocks have embolism resistant xylem.The xylem embolism repairment is positively correlated with the diameter of vessel and micropores, and negatively correlated with wood density, vessel wall thickness, and theoretical mechanical strength of the vessel wall in xylem.

Key words: almond; rootstocks; embolism resistance; embolism repairment; xylem anatomical structure

摘要:

【目的】基于茎木质部解剖结构与栓塞特性关系分析扁桃耐旱砧木资源对干旱胁迫环境的适应机理。【方法】以大巴旦(Amygdalus communis var.fragilis)(C1)、苦巴旦(A.communis var.amara)(C2)、甜仁桃巴旦[A.communis var.persicoides (West.) Rehd.](C3)和苦仁桃巴旦[A.communis var.persicoides (West.) Rehd.](C4)以及新疆毛桃(A.persica L.)(C5)等耐旱性程度不同5个扁桃砧木资源的当年生实生苗为材料,采用“外加压力”法,配套使用“XYLEM木质部导水率及栓塞测量系统”和“PMS空穴压力室”,测定在正常栽培条件下的茎自然栓塞程度以及栓塞脆弱性值(P50);测量和观察已栓塞枝条不同时段(30,80,130,180 min)的栓塞修复程度以及木质部解剖结构特征,探究耐旱性不同扁桃砧木资源的茎木质部解剖结构、栓塞抗性以及栓塞修复能力间的关系。【结果】(1) 扁桃不同砧木资源中大巴旦、甜仁桃巴旦、苦巴旦和普通桃的栓塞脆弱曲线为“s”形,苦仁桃巴旦的栓塞脆弱曲线为“r”形;(2) 茎木质部栓塞抗性(P50)平均值由大到小依次为大巴旦>甜仁桃巴旦>苦巴旦>苦仁桃巴旦>普通桃,其中大巴旦的抗栓塞能力最强;(3) 茎木质部栓塞修复能力由大到小依次为普通桃>甜仁桃巴旦>苦仁桃巴旦>苦巴旦>大巴旦;(4) 较耐旱砧木大巴旦、苦巴旦和甜仁桃巴旦的木质部导管及微孔直径小,木材密度、导管壁厚度及导管壁理论机械强度大,抗栓塞能力强,然而栓塞修复能力弱;‘普通桃’和苦仁桃巴旦的导管及微孔直径大,木材密度、导管壁厚度以及导管壁理论机械强度小,抗栓塞能力弱,但栓塞修复能力强。【结论】扁桃砧木资源木质部栓塞修复能力与栓塞抗性呈负相关,与木质部解剖结构中的导管及微孔直径呈正相关,与木材密度、导管壁厚度以及导管壁理论机械强度呈负相关。

关键词: 扁桃, 砧木资源, 栓塞抗性, 栓塞修复, 木质部解剖结构

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