Research of maize yield estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral NDVI

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.007

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 845-851.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.007

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Research of maize yield estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral NDVI

ZHANG Lei¹^,²(), YAO Mengyao²^,³, LIU Zhigang², LI Juan², YANG Yang², CAI Darun², CHEN Guo², LI Bo², LI Xiaorong², CHEN Xunji², ZHAI Yunlong¹()

1. College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology/Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2023-09-11 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2024-05-31
Correspondence author: ZHAI Yunlong
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160440);Manas County National Hybrid Maize Seed Production Base Construction Project(MNSZZDX-2021-01);Xinjiang Biological Breeding Collaborative Innovation Platform Construction Project(202114863)

基于无人机多光谱NDVI值估测玉米产量

张磊¹^,²(), 姚梦瑶²^,³, 刘志刚², 李娟², 杨洋², 蔡大润², 陈果², 李波², 李晓荣², 陈勋基², 翟云龙¹()

1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆农作物生物技术重点实验室/新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

通讯作者: 翟云龙
作者简介:张磊(1999-),男,甘肃武威人,硕士研究生,研究方向为玉米遗传育种,(E-mail)1822835613@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32160440);玛纳斯县国家级杂交玉米种子生产基地建设项目(MNSZZDX-2021-01);新疆生物育种协同创新平台建设项目(202114863)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the normalized difference vegetation index, an estimation model for maize yield,this study has provided a theoretical basis for the multispectral prediction of maize yield by field UAV. 【Methods】 Xinjiang eighteen spring-sown maize was taken as the research object, a multispectral image of the flowering period was obtained, and the actual spectral reflectance of the experimental area was obtained after radiometric correction, atmospheric correction, establishment of mask, extraction of NDVI map, and calculation of vegetation coverage, so as to obtain the actual value of normalized vegetation index. In addition to that, the NDVI value was fitted to the measured yield in the field. 【Results】 The power functions Y = 23,411.46-10,997.99 / X (R² = 0.488,6), polynomial functions Y = 39,003.00-117,963.03X + 103,130.25X₂ (R² = 0.562,0), using partial least squares regression. The result was a linear function Y = 24,458.22X-9,620.55 (R² = 0.722,2). 【Conclusion】 The results show that it has a certain correlation with maize yield, and the linear function model of NDVI value and yield during the critical period of maize growth.

Key words: maize; yield; normalized vegetation index (NDVI); partial least squares regression (PLSR)

摘要：

【目的】研究基于UAS-8无人机采集数据,运用归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)模型估测玉米产量,为大田无人机多光谱预测玉米产量提供理论依据。【方法】以新疆18份春播玉米为研究对象,获取开花期多光谱图像,经过辐射校正、大气校正、建立掩膜、提取NDVI图,计算植被覆盖率,得到区光谱反射率和归一化植被指数实际数值,将NDVI值与田间实测产量值进行模型拟合。【结果】幂函数Y = 23 411.46-10 997.99 / X(R² = 0.488 6),二次函数为Y = 39 003.00-117 963.03X + 103 130.25X²(R²=0.562),正反比函数(Inverse Proportional Function)为Y₂ = 2 840.5 X/(1-X)(R² = 0.495),利用偏最小二乘回归(Partial Least Squares Regression),其线性函数 Y = 24 458.22X-9 620.55(R² =0.521)。【结论】在数值0.5~0.8区间,NDVI与玉米产量具有较高的相关性,线性函数方程NDVI值可预测玉米的产量。

关键词: 玉米, 产量, 归一化植被指数(NDVI), 偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)

CLC Number:

S512

ZHANG Lei, YAO Mengyao, LIU Zhigang, LI Juan, YANG Yang, CAI Darun, CHEN Guo, LI Bo, LI Xiaorong, CHEN Xunji, ZHAI Yunlong. Research of maize yield estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral NDVI[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(4): 845-851.

张磊, 姚梦瑶, 刘志刚, 李娟, 杨洋, 蔡大润, 陈果, 李波, 李晓荣, 陈勋基, 翟云龙. 基于无人机多光谱NDVI值估测玉米产量[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(4): 845-851.

Figures/Tables 8

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玉米种质名称 Corn germplasm name	NDVI	实测产量 Measured yield (kg/hm²)
20HN009×16F	0.746 771	6 309.52
20HN064×DB614	0.781 470	7 261.90
20HN068×DB614	0.634 637	4 404.76
20HN069×DB614	0.663 515	5 595.23
20HN070×DB614	0.792 066	11 666.66
20HN084×DB614	0.672 930	6 071.42
20HN086×DB614	0.781 432	9 880.95
20HN096×DB614	0.565 060	5 476.19
20HN102×DB614	0.603 867	5 833.33
20HN104×DB614	0.743 107	9 523.80
20HN142×DB614	0.728 815	7 142.85
20HN152×DB614	0.748 561	6 666.66
20HN094×1487F	0.719 880	10 476.19
20HN095×1487F	0.794 545	11 071.42
20HN098×1487F	0.793 120	10 833.34
20HN107×1487F	0.740 062	9 523.80
20HN153×K487F	0.728 140	9 880.95
20HN326×A55	0.756 129	7 023.80

玉米种质名称 Corn germplasm name	NDVI	实测产量 Measured yield (kg/hm²)
20HN009×16F	0.746 771	6 309.52
20HN064×DB614	0.781 470	7 261.90
20HN068×DB614	0.634 637	4 404.76
20HN069×DB614	0.663 515	5 595.23
20HN070×DB614	0.792 066	11 666.66
20HN084×DB614	0.672 930	6 071.42
20HN086×DB614	0.781 432	9 880.95
20HN096×DB614	0.565 060	5 476.19
20HN102×DB614	0.603 867	5 833.33
20HN104×DB614	0.743 107	9 523.80
20HN142×DB614	0.728 815	7 142.85
20HN152×DB614	0.748 561	6 666.66
20HN094×1487F	0.719 880	10 476.19
20HN095×1487F	0.794 545	11 071.42
20HN098×1487F	0.793 120	10 833.34
20HN107×1487F	0.740 062	9 523.80
20HN153×K487F	0.728 140	9 880.95
20HN326×A55	0.756 129	7 023.80

名称 Name	无人机 Unmanned aerial vehicle	多光谱相机 Multispectral camera
型号Model	EcoDrone^® UAS-8	MicaSense Red Edge-M^TM
尺寸Size	1 632 mm × 1 632 mm × 650 mm(螺旋桨、GPS支架均展开)	94 mm × 63 mm× 46 mm
重量 Weight	10 kg(最大载荷6 kg)	170 g (包括DLS)
焦距 Focal length		35 mm
最大分辨率 Maximum resolution		1 280 × 960
光谱带 Spectval band		R、G、B、NIR、Red edge
作业时间 Operation time	30 min	30 min
最大可承受风速 Maximum tolerable wind speed	10 m/s(5级风可安全飞行)、瞬间可承受13 m/s (6级风)	10 m/s(5级风可安全飞行)、瞬间可承受13 m/s (6级风)

名称 Name	无人机 Unmanned aerial vehicle	多光谱相机 Multispectral camera
型号Model	EcoDrone^® UAS-8	MicaSense Red Edge-M^TM
尺寸Size	1 632 mm × 1 632 mm × 650 mm(螺旋桨、GPS支架均展开)	94 mm × 63 mm× 46 mm
重量 Weight	10 kg(最大载荷6 kg)	170 g (包括DLS)
焦距 Focal length		35 mm
最大分辨率 Maximum resolution		1 280 × 960
光谱带 Spectval band		R、G、B、NIR、Red edge
作业时间 Operation time	30 min	30 min
最大可承受风速 Maximum tolerable wind speed	10 m/s(5级风可安全飞行)、瞬间可承受13 m/s (6级风)	10 m/s(5级风可安全飞行)、瞬间可承受13 m/s (6级风)

影像号顺序 Image number order	波段 Band (nm)	波段类型 Band type	波段宽度 Band width (nm)
1	475	Blue	20
2	560	Green	20
3	668	Red	10
4	840	NIR	40
5	717	Red Edge	10

Research of maize yield estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral NDVI

基于无人机多光谱NDVI值估测玉米产量

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Figures/Tables 8

References 21

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Metrics

估产模型Estimation Model	表达式Expression	R²
二次函数Quadratic Function	Y₁ = 103 130 X²-117 963 X+39 003	0.562
正反比函数Inverse Proportional Function	Y₂ = 2 840.5 X/(1-X)	0.495
线性函数 Linear Function	Y₃ = 24 458 X-9 621	0.521
幂函数Power Function	Y₄ = 23 412-10 998/ X	0.489

估产模型 Estimation model	绝对误差Absolute error(kg/hm² )			相对误差Relative error(%)
估产模型 Estimation model	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Mean	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	均值 Mean
二次函数 Quadratic Functions	2 947.50	83.00	1 216.86	28.13	0.84	15.79
正反比函数 Inverse Proportional Function	3 176.39	5.94	1 251.98	30.32	0.10	16.63
线性函数 Linear functions	2 489.75	389.07	1 419.35	23.76	3.93	19.02
幂函数 Power function	2 374.54	543.65	1 493.19	37.63	5.50	20.14

估产模型 Estimation model	ME	RMSE (kg/hm² )	SD
二次函数 Quadratic Functions	1 374.70	443.12	1 716.21
正反比函数 Inverse Proportional Function	1 791.36	536.10	2 274.49
线性函数 Linear functions	1 285.96	390.41	1 656.41
幂函数 power function	1 227.69	539.59	2 224.78

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