Effects of Different Film Mulching Width on Cotton Farmland Environment

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To further study the effects of different film mulching width on soil moisture content and soil temperature at 0 ~ 60 cm soil depth during the whole growth period of cotton.【Methods】 The soil moisture monitor was used to monitor the real-time situation of soil moisture and temperature.At the same time, the soil volume and water content of six consecutive soil layer depths (one layer per 10 cm) and the soil temperature of six consecutive soil layer depths (one layer per 10 cm) were monitored simultaneously.According to the cotton fertility stage, the daily ground temperature and water changes of the cotton seedling period, bud period, flower bell period and spitting catkins period were read, respectively.Through information monitoring, the effects of 4.4 m ultra wide film and 2.05 m wide film on soil moisture and temperature were analyzed.【Results】 The diurnal variation trend of ground temperature of 4.4 m ultra wide film was consistent with that of 2.05 m wide film at the depth of 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer.The soil temperature was mainly affected by the atmospheric temperature at the surface and 10 cm underground.At this time, the surface temperature was also high due to the high solar radiation intensity.At the later stage of cotton growth, the temperature of different soil layers gradually decreased, and the soil temperature of 4.4 m ultra wide film lagged behind that of 2.05 m wide film.From cotton seedling stage to flowering and bolling stage, the average temperature below the middle soil depth was negatively correlated with the average water content.【Conclusion】 Ultra wide film has the ability of increasing temperature and water retention, can improve soil hydrothermal conditions, accelerate cotton growth and development, and has remarkable yield increasing effect.It can be used for popularization and trial in northern Xinjiang.

Key words: cotton; soil moisture content; soil temperature; ultra wide film

摘要：

【目的】研究不同覆膜宽度对棉花全生育期内0~60 cm土层深度下土壤含水率及土壤温度的影响。【方法】采用土壤墒情监测仪,实时监测土壤中水分、温度实时状况。同位监测连续6个土层深度(每10 cm一层)的土壤体积含水量以及连续6个土层深度(每10 cm一层)的土壤温度。根据棉花生育阶段,分别读取棉花苗期、蕾期、花铃期、吐絮期等每天地温以及水分变化,分析4.4 m超宽膜与2.05 m宽膜对土壤水分及温度的影响。【结果】4.4 m超宽膜与2.05 m宽膜在0~60 cm土层深度下的地温日变化趋势一致,土壤温度在地面表层和地下10 cm处主要受大气温度的影响。棉花生育后期时,不同土层的温度逐渐下降,4.4 m超宽膜的土壤温度较2.05 m宽膜滞后。从棉花苗期到花铃期,中层土壤深度以下的平均温度与平均含水率呈负相关的关系。【结论】超宽膜有增温保水的能力,可以改善土壤的水热条件,加快棉花的生长发育,增产效果显著,可用于新疆北疆地区推广试用。

关键词: 棉花, 土壤含水率, 土壤温度, 超宽膜

CLC Number:

LI Xueling, GUO Junxian, CHEN Li, SONG Heling, ZHANG Zhong. Effects of Different Film Mulching Width on Cotton Farmland Environment[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(8): 1840-1847.

李雪玲, 郭俊先, 陈莉, 宋鹤岭, 张众. 不同覆膜宽度对棉花农田环境的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1840-1847.

Figures/Tables 4

Tab.1 Soil physical conditions in the test area

项目 Items	土层深度 Depth of soil layer(cm)							平均值 Average value
项目 Items	0~10	10~20	20~30	40~50	50~60	60~70	70~100	平均值 Average value
土壤干容重 Dry bulk density of soil(g/cm³)	1.47	1.49	1.52	1.56	1.59	1.68	1.64	1.56
田间质量含水率 Field mass moisture content(%)	22.91	20.62	20.86	20.75	20.84	21.59	21.69	21.32

Fig.1 Variation law of ground temperature in different growth stages of cotton under different film mulching width

Fig.2 Variation law of soil moisture content in 0 ~ 60 cm of cotton in each growth period under different film mulching width

Fig.3 Average soil moisture content and average soil temperature at 10, 30 and 60 cm in each growth period ofcotton under different film mulching width

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