Preliminary Study on the Synergistic Effects of Bacillus subtilis KXZ-33 and Chemical Pesticides against Cotton Fusarium wilt

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.021

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Through the combination of biocontrol bacteria and chemical fungicides, the formula combination that can effectively control cotton Fusarium wilt was screened out, and the seed treatment was carried out with a view to providing technical support for the green prevention and control of cotton disease. 【Methods】 Fusarium oxysporum, the main pathogen of Fusarium wilt, was selected by indoor plate confrontation test. The virulence of chemical fungicides was tested by the method of toxic media, and the chemical fungicides used in coordination with biocontrol bacteria were screened by compatibility test. The control effect was evaluated by pot experiment. 【Results】 All the six biocontrol bacteria had inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum, with the inhibition rates ranging from 56.69% to 79.53%, and Bacillus subtilis KXZ-33 had the best inhibition rate of 79.53%. The EC₅₀ of Thiobacillam-methyl, Carbendazim and Formetrix were 15.840,1, 18.018,0 and 12.794,0 mg/L, respectively. The maximum compatibility of KXZ-33 with 20 mg/L Thiobacillam-methyl was 90.46%, and the viable bacteria count was 2.18×10⁷ cfu/mL.The control effect of KXZ-33 and 10 mg/L Carbendazim on 7 d was 90.5%, and decreased to 27.0% on 28 d. KXZ-33 combined with 10 mg/L Thiobacillam-methyl was 87.7% for 7 days and 43.7% for 28 days. 【Conclusion】 Bacillus subtilis KXZ-33 seed treatment and spraying 50% methyl Thiobacillam-methyl 10 mg/L to control cotton Fusarium wilt disease can improve the control effect, make up for biocontrol bacteria in agricultural production of unstable control effect and at the same time reduce the use of chemical pesticides, thus further developing service production.

Key words: cotton; Fusarium wilt; biological control; chemical control; collaborative prevention and control

摘要：

【目的】分析生防细菌与化学杀菌剂复配效果,筛选出有效防治棉花枯萎病的配方组合处理种子,为棉花病害绿色防控提供技术支撑。【方法】以棉花枯萎病主要致病菌尖孢镰刀菌为研究对象,采用室内平板对峙试验筛选拮抗细菌,含毒介质法对化学杀菌剂进行毒力测定,相容性测定筛选出与生防细菌协同使用的化学杀菌剂;评价盆栽试验防病效果。【结果】6种生防细菌对尖孢镰刀菌均有抑制作用,抑制率在56.69%~79.53%,其中枯草芽孢杆菌KXZ-33对其抑制率最好,为79.53%。化学药剂甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵、福美双抑菌效果较好,EC₅₀分别为15.840 1、18.018 0、12.794 0 mg/L。KXZ-33与20 mg/L的甲基硫菌灵的相容性最高为90.46%,活菌数为2.18×10⁷ cfu/mL。KXZ-33与10 mg/L多菌灵在7 d防治效果最高为90.5%,28 d下降为27.0%;KXZ-33与10 mg/L甲基硫菌灵协同防治棉花枯萎病7 d防效为87.7%,28 d防病效果为43.7%。【结论】枯草芽孢杆菌KXZ-33种子处理与喷施50%甲基硫菌灵10 mg/L防治棉花枯萎病可以起到提高防效,弥补生防细菌在农业生产中的防效不稳定的同时可以减少化学农药的使用量。

关键词: 棉花, 枯萎病, 生物防治, 化学防治, 协同防治

CLC Number:

S513
S435.62

ZHAO Yingying, ZHANG Jungao, LI Jin, LIANG Jing, GAO Xiangyu, GU Aixing, LIE Bin. Preliminary Study on the Synergistic Effects of Bacillus subtilis KXZ-33 and Chemical Pesticides against Cotton Fusarium wilt[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1216-1222.

赵莹莹, 张军高, 李进, 梁晶, 高翔宇, 顾爱星, 雷斌. 枯草芽孢杆菌KXZ-33与化学药剂协同防控棉花枯萎病的效果评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1216-1222.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 The inhibition rate of bacteria from cotton roots against F.oxysporum

处理 Treatment	抑菌率 Inhibition rate(%)
KXZ-33	79.53±10.20^a
KX-4	58.66±8.66^b
A57	68.50±7.3 ${9^{a}}^{b}$
UB17-1	75.51±9.23^a
Twt34	71.61±6.1 ${7^{a}}^{b}$
Hwt34	56.69±3.02^c

Table 1 The inhibition rate of bacteria from cotton roots against F.oxysporum

处理 Treatment	抑菌率 Inhibition rate(%)
KXZ-33	79.53±10.20^a
KX-4	58.66±8.66^b
A57	68.50±7.3 ${9^{a}}^{b}$
UB17-1	75.51±9.23^a
Twt34	71.61±6.1 ${7^{a}}^{b}$
Hwt34	56.69±3.02^c

Table 2 Laboratory toxicity test of chemical pesticides to F.oxysporum

化学杀菌剂 Fungicide	回归方程 Regression equation	EC₅₀ (mg/L)	R² Correlation coefficient
50%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂 Thiophanate-methyl	y=0.609 8x+3.315 4	15.840 1	0.997 9
40%多菌灵悬浮剂 Carbendazim	y=1.221 6x+1.467 9	18.018 0	0.995 1
43%氟菌肟菌酯乳油 Fluomycetin	y=0.177 3x+4.070 8	188.827 7	0.951 2
80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂 Mancozeb	y=0.258 2x+3.040 2	1 987.788 6	0.972 8
80%乙蒜素乳油 Ethylicin	y=0.668 6x+1.767 8	125.748 0	0.969 2
30%噁霉灵可湿性粉剂 Hymexazo	y=1.047 4x+0.533 0	89.221 3	0.997 3
50%福美双可湿性粉剂 Formetrix	y=0.550 3+3.597 3	12.794 0	0.978 6

Fig.1 Compatibility analysis of KXZ-33 with chemical agents

Table 4 Synergistic control effect of different chemical fungicides and KXZ-33 on Fusarium wilt of cotton

处理 Treatment	7 d		14 d		21 d		28 d
处理 Treatment	病情指数 Condition index	防病效果 Control effect(%)	病情指数 Condition index	防病效果 Control effect(%)	病情指数 Condition index	防病效果 Control effect(%)	病情指数 Condition index	防病效果 Control effect (%)
KXZ-33 10⁷cfu/mL	0.11±0.08^c	72.4±7.3^ab	0.36±0.09^bc	45.2±4.2^ab	0.46±0.04^bcd	37.0±4.3^ab	0.62±0.04^b	20.2±5.5^bc
50%甲基硫菌灵 20 mg/L	0.31±0.07^ab	21.0±0.1^b	0.35±0.09^bc	47.1±8.0^ab	0.38±0.03^cd	48.9±4.7^a	0.50±0.02^c	35.6±0.3^ab
KXZ-33 10⁷cfu/mL+20 mg/L 甲基硫菌灵	0.05±0.04^c	87.7±0.1^a	0.28±0.09^b	57.7±3.7^a	0.32±0.08^d	56.3±5.8^a	0.44±0.06^c	43.7±8.0^a
20 mg/L多菌灵	0.20±0.06^bc	50.0±0.1^ab	0.40±0.03^bc	38.4±5.6^ab	0.58±0.03^ab	20.5±3.4^b	0.64±0.04^b	17.8±6.4^cd
KXZ-33 10⁷ cfu/mL+10 mg/L 多菌灵	0.04±0.03^c	90.5±0.1^a	0.42±0.09^ab	35.2±2.0^ab	0.56±0.14^abc	24.3±3.1^b	0.57±0.123^a	27.0±4.6^bc
CK	0.40±0.04^a	-	0.66±0.06^a	-	0.73±0.08^a	-	0.78±0.06^a	-

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