The Effect of New-Type Urea on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Processing Tomato

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.02.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To select suitable new type urea for drip irrigated processing tomato in calcare- ous soil, the biomass, nitrogen (N)uptake and utilization, yield and economic benefit of processing tomato were compared.【Methods】Two-year field trials were conducted with seven treatments including no N fertilizer (CK), common urea (Urea), polyaspartic acid urea (P-Urea), Humic humic acid urea (H-Urea), Zinc urea (Zn-Urea), loss- controlled urea (LC-Urea), common urea add Zn (Urea+Zn). The amount of NPK in each treatment was the same. In addition to all basal application of loss- controlled urea (LC-Urea), 30% of other urea was used as base fertilizer and 70% was applied with drip irrigation at the later stage. All P, K, and Zn fertilizers were applied as base fertilizer before transplanting. The biomass, yield and nitrogen uptake efficiency of processing tomato were measured at the mature stage.【Results】Compared with the common urea, the yields of new-type urea increased by 5.26%-11.37%, and dry matter increased by 1.85%-19.26%. Compared with common urea, humic acid urea significantly increased the shoot dry matter and the yield of processing tomato by 17.95% and 10.31%. Application of the new type urea also increased N average utilization rates by more than 4 percent. Humic acid urea N utilization rates increased by 9.72 percent. At the same time, the benefit of processing tomato was increased by applying new type urea, among which humic acid urea had the highest yield, and compared with the common urea, the income increased 2 975 yuan/hm². 【Conclusions】 The humic acid urea in the new types urea is the most effective way to improve the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency and increase the benefit of processing tomato in Xinjiang.

Key words: processing tomato; new-type urea; utilization efficiency; yield

摘要： 【目的】比较不同新型尿素品种对膜下滴灌加工番茄生物量、氮素吸收利用、产量及经济效益的影响,以选择合适的新型尿素品种和提高氮肥利用率及效益。【方法】2016~2017年连续两年进行田间试验。试验共设 7 个处理:不施氮肥、普通尿素(Urea)、聚能网尿素(P-Urea)、腐殖酸尿素(H-Urea)、含锌尿素(Zn-Urea)、控失尿素(LC-Urea)和普通尿素加锌(Urea+Zn)。各处理的氮磷钾用量相同,除了控失尿素的氮全部基施外,其他尿素30%作基肥,70%后期随水滴施,磷钾锌肥全部基施。于加工番茄成熟期测定加工番茄生物量、产量和氮肥吸收利用率。【结果】与普通尿素相比,新型尿素的加工番茄产量增加了5.26%~11.37%、地上部干物质量增加了1.85%~19.26%,其中腐殖酸尿素比普通尿素显著增加了加工番茄的干物质量和产量,两年平均分别增加17.95%和10.31%。新型尿素显著增加加工番茄的氮素吸收量,与普通尿素相比,氮肥利用平均提高4个百分点以上,腐殖酸尿素氮肥利用率提高了9.72个百分点。施用新型尿素增加加工番茄的效益,其中腐殖酸尿素收益最高,与普通尿素相比,增收2 975 元/hm²。【结论】新型尿素中腐殖酸尿素是新疆加工番茄提高氮肥利用率和增加效益的最有效途径。

关键词: 加工番茄, 新型尿素, 利用效率, 产量

CLC Number:

S641.2

Halihashi Yibati, ZHANG Yan, LI Qing-jun. The Effect of New-Type Urea on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Processing Tomato[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(2): 278-286.

哈丽哈什·依巴提, 张炎, 李青军. 新型尿素对加工番茄的产量和氮素利用率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(2): 278-286.

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