

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (1): 122-133.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.01.015
常文君1,2(
), 秦金铭1,2, 包建平1,2(
), 王亚铜3, 王绍鹏3, 樊国全3
收稿日期:2020-09-28
出版日期:2022-01-20
发布日期:2022-02-18
通信作者:
包建平(1977-),女,副教授,博士,研究方向为梨栽培生理生态与育种,(E-mail) baobao-xinjiang@126.com作者简介:常文君(1997-),女,河南新乡人,本科生,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail) 526701925@qq.com
基金资助:
CHANG Wenjun1,2(
), QIN Jinming1,2, BAO Jianping1,2(
), WANG Yatong3, WANG Shaopeng3, FAN Guoquan3
Received:2020-09-28
Published:2022-01-20
Online:2022-02-18
Supported by:摘要:
【目的】研究梨育种材料果实性状品种间相似度和遗传多样性,比较评价15个新疆梨品种果实性状,为梨种质创新和杂交育种亲本选配提供参考。【方法】采用方差分析法和Q型聚类,对梨果实进行比较及分类,基于果实性状进行主成分分析。【结果】 (1)新疆地方梨品种多样性丰富,各数量性状变异系数范围为8.83%~78.39%,果形指数变异系数最小,石细胞含量变异幅度最大,不同部位的不同级别分类上。(2)果点密度和果实硬度由大到小的顺序均为萼部>柄端>胴部趋势。(3)Q型聚类将15个品种分为四组,同一组内较其它组总体特征更为亲近,并未按地域趋势聚集。(4)主成分分析在特征值大于1时提取出4个主成分,累积方差贡献率达85.91%,前3名为霍城冬黄梨、伊犁句句梨、奎克阿木特。【结论】绿梨在聚类分析中自己聚为一类,果实外形及品质具有独特性,可溶性固形物含量较高,可用作特殊育种材料;黑酸梨和霍城冬黄梨可作为提高单果质量的选育亲本;库尔勒黄酸梨硬度大,可用于培育耐运输及贮藏;奎克阿木特汁液含量充足、可溶性固形物较高,可用于榨汁专用优质品种选育的亲本。霍城冬黄梨、伊犁句句梨、奎克阿木特果实性状好。
中图分类号:
常文君, 秦金铭, 包建平, 王亚铜, 王绍鹏, 樊国全. 15个新疆梨品种果实性状评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(1): 122-133.
CHANG Wenjun, QIN Jinming, BAO Jianping, WANG Yatong, WANG Shaopeng, FAN Guoquan. Study on Fruit Characters of 15 Xinjiang Pear Varieties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(1): 122-133.
| 来源地 Source | 编号 No. | 种质名称 Name of material |
|---|---|---|
| 库尔勒 Korla | 1 | 库尔勒黄酸梨 |
| 2 | 黑酸梨 | |
| 库车县 Kuqa County | 3 | 奎克阿木特 |
| 4 | 库车阿木特 | |
| 5 | 褐色句句梨 | |
| 6 | 黄句句梨 | |
| 7 | 耐西普特 | |
| 喀什 Kashgar | 8 | 大果奎克阿木特 |
| 9 | 塔西阿木特 | |
| 霍城县 Huocheng County | 10 | 霍城冬黄梨 |
| 11 | 霍城句句梨 | |
| 轮台县 Luntai County | 12 | 轮台句句梨 |
| 伊犁 Yili | 13 | 伊犁句句梨 |
| 莎车县 Shache County | 14 | 莎车耐西普特 |
| 叶城县 Yecheng County | 15 | 绿梨 |
表1 种质名称及来源地
Table 1 Germplasm name and origin
| 来源地 Source | 编号 No. | 种质名称 Name of material |
|---|---|---|
| 库尔勒 Korla | 1 | 库尔勒黄酸梨 |
| 2 | 黑酸梨 | |
| 库车县 Kuqa County | 3 | 奎克阿木特 |
| 4 | 库车阿木特 | |
| 5 | 褐色句句梨 | |
| 6 | 黄句句梨 | |
| 7 | 耐西普特 | |
| 喀什 Kashgar | 8 | 大果奎克阿木特 |
| 9 | 塔西阿木特 | |
| 霍城县 Huocheng County | 10 | 霍城冬黄梨 |
| 11 | 霍城句句梨 | |
| 轮台县 Luntai County | 12 | 轮台句句梨 |
| 伊犁 Yili | 13 | 伊犁句句梨 |
| 莎车县 Shache County | 14 | 莎车耐西普特 |
| 叶城县 Yecheng County | 15 | 绿梨 |
| 性状 Character | 各类型赋值 Assignment of each type | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| 果实形状 Fruit shape (FS) | 椭圆形 | 葫芦形 | 纺锤形 | 倒卵形 | 圆形 | 扁圆形 |
| 果实颜色 Fruit peel color (FPC) | 黄色 | 黄绿 | 绿色 | 绿黄 | 黄褐 | |
| 红晕 Blush | 有 | 无 | ||||
| 香气 Aroma | 浓郁 | 中等 | 淡香 | 无 | ||
| 果柄状态 Fruit stalk condition (FSC) | 木质 | 半木质半肉质 | 肉质 | |||
| 果心大小 Fruit core size (FCS) | 大 | 中等 | 小 | |||
| 果肉烘干颜色 Pulp drying color (PDC) | 深褐色 | 褐色 | 黄褐色 | 浅褐色 | 乳黄色 | |
表2 梨品种描述性状及赋值
Table 2 Description and assignment of pear varieties
| 性状 Character | 各类型赋值 Assignment of each type | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| 果实形状 Fruit shape (FS) | 椭圆形 | 葫芦形 | 纺锤形 | 倒卵形 | 圆形 | 扁圆形 |
| 果实颜色 Fruit peel color (FPC) | 黄色 | 黄绿 | 绿色 | 绿黄 | 黄褐 | |
| 红晕 Blush | 有 | 无 | ||||
| 香气 Aroma | 浓郁 | 中等 | 淡香 | 无 | ||
| 果柄状态 Fruit stalk condition (FSC) | 木质 | 半木质半肉质 | 肉质 | |||
| 果心大小 Fruit core size (FCS) | 大 | 中等 | 小 | |||
| 果肉烘干颜色 Pulp drying color (PDC) | 深褐色 | 褐色 | 黄褐色 | 浅褐色 | 乳黄色 | |
图1 15份新疆地方梨果实各描述性状的占比 注:数值与表2中各性状各类型赋值一一对应
Fig.1 Proportion of 15 Xinjiang local pear fruits with different description characters Note:Numbers of legends corresponded to the description characters,different types of Table 2
| 品种编号 Breed number | 单果质量 Weight per fruit(WF) (g) | 果形指数 Fruit shape index(FSI) | 果柄长 Stalk length(SL) (mm) | 果柄宽 Stalk width(SW) (mm) | 果点数量 Number of fruit points(个/cm2) | 果点平均值 Fruit point average(FPA) (个/cm2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | ||||||
| 11 | 114.19fg | 1.228 1b | 26.35f | 5.07f | 46.33a | 38.47bc | 59.20b | 48.00 |
| 2 | 194.85a | 1.205 2b | 35.59e | 10.68a | 32.10e | 31.97d | 47.07d | 37.04 |
| 14 | 142.16de | 1.078 4ef | 42.69b | 6.54de | 26.20e | 16.80h | 9.10h | 17.37 |
| 1 | 127.14ef | 1.143 7cd | 40.56bc | 6.59de | 44.30ab | 27.23ef | 53.10bcd | 41.54 |
| 5 | 82.65h | 1.108 0def | 36.82de | 10.44a | 44.23bc | 37.17bc | 25.87f | 35.76 |
| 9 | 152.41cd | 1.057 6f | 43.46b | 8.28bc | 25.87f | 33.87cd | 14.90gh | 24.88 |
| 12 | 99.87gh | 1.058 8f | 36.91de | 8.55b | 44.53ab | 39.50b | 59.80b | 47.94 |
| 13 | 142.64de | 1.221 5b | 36.96e | 7.78bc | 39.87bc | 38.83b | 59.07b | 45.92 |
| 10 | 186.59ab | 1.364 6a | 48.13a | 10.20a | 38.37cd | 34.03cd | 51.80cd | 41.40 |
| 3 | 84.09h | 1.147 2cd | 37.19de | 7.74bc | 46.00a | 41.70ab | 50.40cd | 46.03 |
| 7 | 139.82de | 1.087 4ef | 50.74a | 6.57de | 33.60de | 25.40fg | 21.50fg | 26.83 |
| 6 | 112.73fg | 1.195 2bc | 35.75de | 4.38f | 44.53ab | 46.17a | 78.37a | 56.36 |
| 15 | 170.61bc | 0.910 7g | 28.79f | 2.68g | 16.83g | 30.67de | 54.57bc | 34.02 |
| 8 | 140.07de | 1.070 0f | 38.92cd | 6.26e | 31.27e | 19.80h | 36.43e | 29.17 |
| 4 | 135.80de | 1.125 1de | 41.71bc | 7.33cd | 34.50de | 21.27gh | 10.80h | 22.19 |
| 均值 Mean value | 135.04 | 1.133 4 | 38.57 | 7.27 | 36.57 | 32.19 | 42.13 | 36.96 |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 24.66 | 8.83 | 16.64 | 30.76 | 23.59 | 25.82 | 48.26 | 30.19 |
表3 果实外观指标
Table 3 Fruit appearance index
| 品种编号 Breed number | 单果质量 Weight per fruit(WF) (g) | 果形指数 Fruit shape index(FSI) | 果柄长 Stalk length(SL) (mm) | 果柄宽 Stalk width(SW) (mm) | 果点数量 Number of fruit points(个/cm2) | 果点平均值 Fruit point average(FPA) (个/cm2) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | ||||||
| 11 | 114.19fg | 1.228 1b | 26.35f | 5.07f | 46.33a | 38.47bc | 59.20b | 48.00 |
| 2 | 194.85a | 1.205 2b | 35.59e | 10.68a | 32.10e | 31.97d | 47.07d | 37.04 |
| 14 | 142.16de | 1.078 4ef | 42.69b | 6.54de | 26.20e | 16.80h | 9.10h | 17.37 |
| 1 | 127.14ef | 1.143 7cd | 40.56bc | 6.59de | 44.30ab | 27.23ef | 53.10bcd | 41.54 |
| 5 | 82.65h | 1.108 0def | 36.82de | 10.44a | 44.23bc | 37.17bc | 25.87f | 35.76 |
| 9 | 152.41cd | 1.057 6f | 43.46b | 8.28bc | 25.87f | 33.87cd | 14.90gh | 24.88 |
| 12 | 99.87gh | 1.058 8f | 36.91de | 8.55b | 44.53ab | 39.50b | 59.80b | 47.94 |
| 13 | 142.64de | 1.221 5b | 36.96e | 7.78bc | 39.87bc | 38.83b | 59.07b | 45.92 |
| 10 | 186.59ab | 1.364 6a | 48.13a | 10.20a | 38.37cd | 34.03cd | 51.80cd | 41.40 |
| 3 | 84.09h | 1.147 2cd | 37.19de | 7.74bc | 46.00a | 41.70ab | 50.40cd | 46.03 |
| 7 | 139.82de | 1.087 4ef | 50.74a | 6.57de | 33.60de | 25.40fg | 21.50fg | 26.83 |
| 6 | 112.73fg | 1.195 2bc | 35.75de | 4.38f | 44.53ab | 46.17a | 78.37a | 56.36 |
| 15 | 170.61bc | 0.910 7g | 28.79f | 2.68g | 16.83g | 30.67de | 54.57bc | 34.02 |
| 8 | 140.07de | 1.070 0f | 38.92cd | 6.26e | 31.27e | 19.80h | 36.43e | 29.17 |
| 4 | 135.80de | 1.125 1de | 41.71bc | 7.33cd | 34.50de | 21.27gh | 10.80h | 22.19 |
| 均值 Mean value | 135.04 | 1.133 4 | 38.57 | 7.27 | 36.57 | 32.19 | 42.13 | 36.96 |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 24.66 | 8.83 | 16.64 | 30.76 | 23.59 | 25.82 | 48.26 | 30.19 |
| 品种编号 Breed number | 带皮硬度 Skin hardness(105Pa) | 削皮硬度 Peeling hardness(105Pa) | 硬度 Hardness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | ||
| 11 | 5.45f | 6.24g | 7.21f | 4.16i | 4.84h | 5.49h | 5.57 |
| 2 | 7.63e | 7.30f | 7.72ef | 5.90g | 5.74g | 6.16g | 6.74 |
| 14 | 12.00b | 11.19d | 11.82cd | 10.28c | 9.92c | 10.16c | 10.90 |
| 1 | 14.50a | 13.42a | 13.70a | 13.03a | 12.17a | 12.91a | 13.29 |
| 5 | 5.72f | 5.14hi | 5.25g | 4.75h | 4.56hi | 4.61i | 5.01 |
| 9 | 12.03b | 11.93bc | 12.06bcd | 9.71d | 9.53cd | 9.43d | 10.78 |
| 12 | 5.37f | 4.95hi | 5.61g | 4.27hi | 4.24ij | 4.78i | 4.87 |
| 13 | 5.70f | 5.39h | 5.31g | 4.55hi | 4.47hi | 4.30i | 4.95 |
| 10 | 11.71bc | 10.39e | 11.44d | 9.03e | 8.54e | 9.82cd | 10.15 |
| 3 | 5.16f | 4.59i | 5.22g | 4.14i | 3.81j | 4.23i | 4.53 |
| 7 | 10.77d | 10.51e | 11.46d | 8.60e | 8.28e | 8.70e | 9.72 |
| 6 | 8.26e | 7.55f | 8.23e | 6.88f | 6.82f | 7.17f | 7.49 |
| 15 | 11.14cd | 11.64cd | 12.61b | 8.63e | 8.44e | 9.64cd | 10.35 |
| 8 | 12.27b | 12.47b | 12.24bc | 11.46b | 10.80b | 11.18b | 11.74 |
| 4 | 11.10cd | 10.60e | 12.56b | 9.75cd | 9.18d | 9.64cd | 10.47 |
| 均值 Mean Value | 9.25 | 8.89 | 9.50 | 7.68 | 7.42 | 7.88 | 8.437 |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 33.27 | 33.74 | 32.49 | 36.91 | 34.89 | 34.37 | 35.03 |
表4 果实硬度差异
Table 4 Hardness difference of fruits
| 品种编号 Breed number | 带皮硬度 Skin hardness(105Pa) | 削皮硬度 Peeling hardness(105Pa) | 硬度 Hardness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | 柄端 Stem end | 胴部 Carcass | 萼部 Calyx | ||
| 11 | 5.45f | 6.24g | 7.21f | 4.16i | 4.84h | 5.49h | 5.57 |
| 2 | 7.63e | 7.30f | 7.72ef | 5.90g | 5.74g | 6.16g | 6.74 |
| 14 | 12.00b | 11.19d | 11.82cd | 10.28c | 9.92c | 10.16c | 10.90 |
| 1 | 14.50a | 13.42a | 13.70a | 13.03a | 12.17a | 12.91a | 13.29 |
| 5 | 5.72f | 5.14hi | 5.25g | 4.75h | 4.56hi | 4.61i | 5.01 |
| 9 | 12.03b | 11.93bc | 12.06bcd | 9.71d | 9.53cd | 9.43d | 10.78 |
| 12 | 5.37f | 4.95hi | 5.61g | 4.27hi | 4.24ij | 4.78i | 4.87 |
| 13 | 5.70f | 5.39h | 5.31g | 4.55hi | 4.47hi | 4.30i | 4.95 |
| 10 | 11.71bc | 10.39e | 11.44d | 9.03e | 8.54e | 9.82cd | 10.15 |
| 3 | 5.16f | 4.59i | 5.22g | 4.14i | 3.81j | 4.23i | 4.53 |
| 7 | 10.77d | 10.51e | 11.46d | 8.60e | 8.28e | 8.70e | 9.72 |
| 6 | 8.26e | 7.55f | 8.23e | 6.88f | 6.82f | 7.17f | 7.49 |
| 15 | 11.14cd | 11.64cd | 12.61b | 8.63e | 8.44e | 9.64cd | 10.35 |
| 8 | 12.27b | 12.47b | 12.24bc | 11.46b | 10.80b | 11.18b | 11.74 |
| 4 | 11.10cd | 10.60e | 12.56b | 9.75cd | 9.18d | 9.64cd | 10.47 |
| 均值 Mean Value | 9.25 | 8.89 | 9.50 | 7.68 | 7.42 | 7.88 | 8.437 |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 33.27 | 33.74 | 32.49 | 36.91 | 34.89 | 34.37 | 35.03 |
| 品种编号 Breed number | 石细胞含量 Stone cell content(%) | 可溶性 固形物 TSS (%) | 汁液含量 Juice content (%) | 干物质 Dry matter (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.20~0.45 mm | >0.45 mm | ||||||||
| 果皮 Peel | 果肉 Flesh | 果皮 Peel | 果肉 Flesh | 果核 Fruit core | |||||
| 11 | 0.478e | 0.330bc | 0.275g | 0.135cde | 0.688g | 11.78ef | 81.23cd | 13.00de | |
| 2 | 3.785a | 0.227cd | 3.085cd | 0.120e | 1.520efg | 10.39h | 79.06ef | 10.93ab | |
| 14 | 1.305de | 0.170d | 2.095de | 0.236bcd | 1.976def | 12.94d | 78.13f | 14.60abc | |
| 1 | 2.867abcd | 0.435ab | 6.629a | 0.698a | 5.216a | 9.86h | 80.13cde | 13.73bcde | |
| 5 | 2.175abcde | 0.333bc | 1.900ef | 0.171cde | 1.745ef | 11.87e | 80.97cde | 12.60e | |
| 9 | 1.975abcde | 0.275cd | 5.468b | 0.200bcde | 4.179b | 13.06d | 81.70bc | 14.80abc | |
| 12 | 2.532abcd | 0.207d | 1.370efg | 0.101e | 1.200fg | 11.04g | 83.59ab | 12.80de | |
| 13 | 1.337de | 0.198d | 0.866fg | 0.177cde | 1.299efg | 13.07d | 81.85bc | 14.20abcd | |
| 10 | 1.809bcde | 0.395ab | 1.563ef | 0.310b | 2.107de | 12.2e | 80.06cdef | 15.20a | |
| 3 | 2.748abcd | 0.390ab | 0.809fg | 0.125de | 1.750ef | 13.42cd | 84.57a | 14.87abc | |
| 7 | 3.602ab | 0.418ab | 2.444de | 0.297b | 3.144c | 11.90e | 79.67def | 13.47cde | |
| 6 | 0.478e | 0.440a | 0.248g | 0.245bc | 1.318efg | 11.18fg | 80.66cde | 12.87de | |
| 15 | 1.600cde | 0.206d | 2.317de | 0.144cde | 1.438efg | 14.23ab | 80.78cde | 15.13ab | |
| 8 | 3.300abc | 0.231cd | 1.850ef | 0.134cde | 4.128b | 13.77bc | 80.47cde | 14.60abc | |
| 4 | 3.150abcd | 0.457a | 3.861c | 0.212bcde | 2.644cd | 14.69a | 79.92cdef | 14.87abc | |
| 均值 Mean value | 2.211 | 0.314 | 2.319 | 0.220 | 2.290 | 12.36 | 80.85 | 13.84 | |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 47.41 | 32.73 | 78.39 | 66.66 | 57.27 | 11.33 | 2.02 | 8.78 | |
表5 果实内部品质
Table 5 Internal quality of fruits
| 品种编号 Breed number | 石细胞含量 Stone cell content(%) | 可溶性 固形物 TSS (%) | 汁液含量 Juice content (%) | 干物质 Dry matter (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.20~0.45 mm | >0.45 mm | ||||||||
| 果皮 Peel | 果肉 Flesh | 果皮 Peel | 果肉 Flesh | 果核 Fruit core | |||||
| 11 | 0.478e | 0.330bc | 0.275g | 0.135cde | 0.688g | 11.78ef | 81.23cd | 13.00de | |
| 2 | 3.785a | 0.227cd | 3.085cd | 0.120e | 1.520efg | 10.39h | 79.06ef | 10.93ab | |
| 14 | 1.305de | 0.170d | 2.095de | 0.236bcd | 1.976def | 12.94d | 78.13f | 14.60abc | |
| 1 | 2.867abcd | 0.435ab | 6.629a | 0.698a | 5.216a | 9.86h | 80.13cde | 13.73bcde | |
| 5 | 2.175abcde | 0.333bc | 1.900ef | 0.171cde | 1.745ef | 11.87e | 80.97cde | 12.60e | |
| 9 | 1.975abcde | 0.275cd | 5.468b | 0.200bcde | 4.179b | 13.06d | 81.70bc | 14.80abc | |
| 12 | 2.532abcd | 0.207d | 1.370efg | 0.101e | 1.200fg | 11.04g | 83.59ab | 12.80de | |
| 13 | 1.337de | 0.198d | 0.866fg | 0.177cde | 1.299efg | 13.07d | 81.85bc | 14.20abcd | |
| 10 | 1.809bcde | 0.395ab | 1.563ef | 0.310b | 2.107de | 12.2e | 80.06cdef | 15.20a | |
| 3 | 2.748abcd | 0.390ab | 0.809fg | 0.125de | 1.750ef | 13.42cd | 84.57a | 14.87abc | |
| 7 | 3.602ab | 0.418ab | 2.444de | 0.297b | 3.144c | 11.90e | 79.67def | 13.47cde | |
| 6 | 0.478e | 0.440a | 0.248g | 0.245bc | 1.318efg | 11.18fg | 80.66cde | 12.87de | |
| 15 | 1.600cde | 0.206d | 2.317de | 0.144cde | 1.438efg | 14.23ab | 80.78cde | 15.13ab | |
| 8 | 3.300abc | 0.231cd | 1.850ef | 0.134cde | 4.128b | 13.77bc | 80.47cde | 14.60abc | |
| 4 | 3.150abcd | 0.457a | 3.861c | 0.212bcde | 2.644cd | 14.69a | 79.92cdef | 14.87abc | |
| 均值 Mean value | 2.211 | 0.314 | 2.319 | 0.220 | 2.290 | 12.36 | 80.85 | 13.84 | |
| 变异系数 CV(%) | 47.41 | 32.73 | 78.39 | 66.66 | 57.27 | 11.33 | 2.02 | 8.78 | |
| 组 Group | 单果质量 Weight per fruit(WF) (g) | 果实纵径 Fruit longitudinal(FL) (mm) | 果实横径 Fruit transverse diameter(FTD) (mm) | 果形指数 Fruit shape index(FSI) | 果柄长 Stalklength(SL) (mm) | 果柄宽 Stalk width(SW) (mm) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 140.01c | 69.98b | 62.44c | 1.11b | 41.86a | 7.05b | |||||
| B | 170.61b | 65.56c | 70.85a | 0.91c | 28.79c | 2.68c | |||||
| C | 98.71d | 65.35c | 55.83d | 1.15b | 34.60b | 7.24b | |||||
| D | 190.72a | 88.37a | 69.36b | 1.28a | 41.86a | 10.44a | |||||
| 组 Group | 果点平均值 Fruit point average(FPA)(个) | 平均硬度 Average hardness(AH) (105Pa) | 可溶性固形物 TSS (%) | 汁液含量 Juice content(JC) (%) | 干物质 Dry matter(DM) (%) | ||||||
| A | 29.70c | 10.26a | 12.76b | 80.2 | 14.3 | ||||||
| B | 34.0 | 10.35a | 14.23a | 80.78b | 15.13a | ||||||
| C | 46.82a | 5.49c | 11.8 | 82.20a | 13.23b | ||||||
| D | 39.22b | 8.45b | 11.30c | 79.56c | 13.07b | ||||||
表6 梨品种4个组果实数量性状比较
Table 6 Comparison of fruit quantitative characters among four groups of pear varieties
| 组 Group | 单果质量 Weight per fruit(WF) (g) | 果实纵径 Fruit longitudinal(FL) (mm) | 果实横径 Fruit transverse diameter(FTD) (mm) | 果形指数 Fruit shape index(FSI) | 果柄长 Stalklength(SL) (mm) | 果柄宽 Stalk width(SW) (mm) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 140.01c | 69.98b | 62.44c | 1.11b | 41.86a | 7.05b | |||||
| B | 170.61b | 65.56c | 70.85a | 0.91c | 28.79c | 2.68c | |||||
| C | 98.71d | 65.35c | 55.83d | 1.15b | 34.60b | 7.24b | |||||
| D | 190.72a | 88.37a | 69.36b | 1.28a | 41.86a | 10.44a | |||||
| 组 Group | 果点平均值 Fruit point average(FPA)(个) | 平均硬度 Average hardness(AH) (105Pa) | 可溶性固形物 TSS (%) | 汁液含量 Juice content(JC) (%) | 干物质 Dry matter(DM) (%) | ||||||
| A | 29.70c | 10.26a | 12.76b | 80.2 | 14.3 | ||||||
| B | 34.0 | 10.35a | 14.23a | 80.78b | 15.13a | ||||||
| C | 46.82a | 5.49c | 11.8 | 82.20a | 13.23b | ||||||
| D | 39.22b | 8.45b | 11.30c | 79.56c | 13.07b | ||||||
| 主成分 Principal component | 特征值 Characteristic value | 贡献率 Contribution rate(%) | 累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC1 | 3.837 | 34.882 | 34.882 |
| PC2 | 2.938 | 26.713 | 61.596 |
| PC3 | 1.446 | 13.150 | 74.746 |
| PC4 | 1.228 | 11.168 | 85.914 |
| PC5 | 0.765 | 6.950 | 92.864 |
| PC6 | 0.491 | 4.464 | 97.328 |
| PC7 | 0.180 | 1.636 | 98.964 |
| PC8 | 0.052 | 0.477 | 99.441 |
| PC9 | 0.045 | 0.409 | 99.851 |
| PC10 | 0.016 | 0.148 | 99.998 |
| PC11 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 100.000 |
表7 各性状主成分的特征值、贡献率和累计贡献率
Table 7 Characteristic value, contribution rate and cumulative contribution rate of principal components of each trait
| 主成分 Principal component | 特征值 Characteristic value | 贡献率 Contribution rate(%) | 累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC1 | 3.837 | 34.882 | 34.882 |
| PC2 | 2.938 | 26.713 | 61.596 |
| PC3 | 1.446 | 13.150 | 74.746 |
| PC4 | 1.228 | 11.168 | 85.914 |
| PC5 | 0.765 | 6.950 | 92.864 |
| PC6 | 0.491 | 4.464 | 97.328 |
| PC7 | 0.180 | 1.636 | 98.964 |
| PC8 | 0.052 | 0.477 | 99.441 |
| PC9 | 0.045 | 0.409 | 99.851 |
| PC10 | 0.016 | 0.148 | 99.998 |
| PC11 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 100.000 |
图3 基于新疆地方梨品种的第1、2主成分果实性状载荷 注:1.品种编号数值与表1中一一对应,下同。2.大写字母为表格中各性状英文缩写
Fig.3 Load chart of fruit characters of the first and second principal components of Xinjiang Local Pear Varieties Note: 1. The variety number values correspond to each other in Table 1, the same as below.2. Capital letters are English abbreviations for each trait in the table
| 品种编号 Breed number | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 主成分3 Principal component 3 | 主成分4 Principal component 4 | 总分 Total score | 排名 Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 0.03 | 1.46 | -0.53 | -0.88 | 0.08 | 6 |
| 2 | 1.58 | 0.096 | -2.09 | 0.40 | -0.02 | 7 |
| 14 | -0.01 | -1.65 | 0.11 | -0.14 | -1.68 | 13 |
| 1 | 0.47 | -0.46 | -0.90 | -0.16 | -1.04 | 11 |
| 5 | -1.76 | -0.38 | -1.00 | 0.61 | -2.53 | 15 |
| 9 | -0.10 | -0.84 | 0.76 | 0.31 | 0.13 | 5 |
| 12 | -1.47 | 0.49 | -0.77 | 0.04 | -1.71 | 14 |
| 13 | 0.45 | 1.41 | 0.63 | 0.31 | 2.80 | 2 |
| 10 | 1.68 | 0.63 | 0.96 | 2.10 | 5.38 | 1 |
| 3 | -1.50 | 1.24 | 1.22 | 0.50 | 1.46 | 3 |
| 7 | -0.16 | -1.41 | -0.40 | 0.40 | -1.57 | 12 |
| 6 | -0.05 | 0.94 | -0.80 | -0.67 | -0.59 | 9 |
| 15 | 0.82 | -0.053 | 0.96 | -2.63 | -0.90 | 10 |
| 8 | 0.12 | -0.64 | 0.72 | -0.47 | -0.27 | 8 |
| 4 | -0.10 | -0.83 | 1.13 | 0.26 | 0.45 | 4 |
表8 品种主成分得分与排名
Table 8 Score and ranking of main components of varieties
| 品种编号 Breed number | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 主成分3 Principal component 3 | 主成分4 Principal component 4 | 总分 Total score | 排名 Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 0.03 | 1.46 | -0.53 | -0.88 | 0.08 | 6 |
| 2 | 1.58 | 0.096 | -2.09 | 0.40 | -0.02 | 7 |
| 14 | -0.01 | -1.65 | 0.11 | -0.14 | -1.68 | 13 |
| 1 | 0.47 | -0.46 | -0.90 | -0.16 | -1.04 | 11 |
| 5 | -1.76 | -0.38 | -1.00 | 0.61 | -2.53 | 15 |
| 9 | -0.10 | -0.84 | 0.76 | 0.31 | 0.13 | 5 |
| 12 | -1.47 | 0.49 | -0.77 | 0.04 | -1.71 | 14 |
| 13 | 0.45 | 1.41 | 0.63 | 0.31 | 2.80 | 2 |
| 10 | 1.68 | 0.63 | 0.96 | 2.10 | 5.38 | 1 |
| 3 | -1.50 | 1.24 | 1.22 | 0.50 | 1.46 | 3 |
| 7 | -0.16 | -1.41 | -0.40 | 0.40 | -1.57 | 12 |
| 6 | -0.05 | 0.94 | -0.80 | -0.67 | -0.59 | 9 |
| 15 | 0.82 | -0.053 | 0.96 | -2.63 | -0.90 | 10 |
| 8 | 0.12 | -0.64 | 0.72 | -0.47 | -0.27 | 8 |
| 4 | -0.10 | -0.83 | 1.13 | 0.26 | 0.45 | 4 |
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