15个新疆地方梨品种品质性状及不同部位石细胞含量分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.12.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 新疆梨品种果实品质性状及石细胞含量,为梨育种和推广奠定理论基础。【方法】 选择15个新疆本地梨品种,在果实成熟时,测定果实的性状、果实品质及石细胞含量。【结果】 不同梨品种之间的果实性状(如形状、颜色、果肉质地、香气等指标)均存在明显的差异,15个梨品种果实的单果重为122.76~250.30 g,可溶性固形物为10.28%~15.96%,果实硬度为4.82~13.37 kg/cm²,可滴定总酸含量为0.59%~2.77%,果实的石细胞含量为0.54%~3.11%,同一品种的不同部位石细胞含量存在很大差异,石细胞含量:近果心处>中层果肉>近果皮处。【结论】 不同梨品种的品质性状和石细胞含量均存在差异性和特异性。

关键词: 梨; 品质性状; 不同部位; 果实品质; 石细胞

Abstract:

【Objective】 To understand the fruit quality traits and stone cell content of local pear varieties in Xinjiang in the hope of laying a theoretical foundation for pear breeding and popularization.【Methods】 Fifteen local pear varieties in Xinjiang were selected to determine the fruit characters, fruit quality and stone cell content during fruit ripening.【Results】 There were significant differences in fruit traits (such as shape, color, pulp texture, aroma, etc.) among different pear varieties. The fruit weight of 15 pear cultivars was 122.76-250.30 g, the soluble solid was10.28%-15.96%, the fruit hardness was 4.82-13.37 kg/cm², the total titratable acid content was 0.59%-2.77%, and the content of stone cells in the fruits was 0.54%-3.11%. In addition, the content of stone cells in different parts of the same variety was very different: near the core > middle pulp > near the peel.【Conclusion】 There are differences and specificities in quality traits and stone cell content of different pear varieties.

Key words: pear; quality traits; different parts; fruit quality; stone cell

中图分类号:

S601.2

章世奎, 李文慧, 阿布来克·尼牙孜, 王绍鹏, 唐章虎, 曼古丽·吾斯曼, 樊国全. 15个新疆地方梨品种品质性状及不同部位石细胞含量分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12): 3004-3012.

ZHANG Shikui, LI Wenhui, Abulaike Niyazi, WANG Shaopeng, TANG Zhanghu, Amanguli Wusiman, FAN Guoquan. Analysis of Stone Cell Content in Different Parts of 15 Local Pear Cultivars in Xinjiang and Their Quality Characters[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(12): 3004-3012.

图/表 7

参考文献 27

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品种名称 Cultivar Name	石细胞含量Stone cell content(%)
品种名称 Cultivar Name	近果皮处	中层果肉	近果心处	总体平均
库尔勒香梨	0.30±0.02^k(c)	0.53±0.02^k (b)	0.77±0.01ⁱ (a)	0.54±0.01^j (b)
句句梨	1.52±0.05^g (c)	1.71±0.05^fg (b)	2.11±0.11^e (a)	1.78±0.05^f (b)
霍城句句梨	1.60±0.02^f(c)	1.65±0.01^gh (c)	1.93±0.03^f (a)	1.73±0.01^f (b)
棋盘梨	2.37±0.03^b (c)	2.55±0.06^b (bc)	3.05±0.14^b (a)	2.65±0.07^b (b)
莎车乃西普特	2.07±0.01^d (c)	2.29±0.06^c (b)	2.79±0.03^c (a)	2.42±0.03^c (b)
八月梨	1.00±0.07ⁱ (c)	1.17±0.03ⁱ (b)	1.33±0.03^h (a)	1.16±0.02^h (b)
黄句句梨	1.57±0.01^fg (c)	1.86±0.03^e (b)	2.30±0.09^d (a)	1.91±0.03^e (b)
塔西阿木特	2.23±0.03^c (c)	2.49±0.06^b (b)	3.12±0.08^b (a)	2.61±0.03^b (b)
大果奎克阿木特	2.01±0.02^d (c)	2.30±0.05^d (b)	2.70±0.02^c (a)	2.33±0.01^d (b)
乃西普特	2.01±0.05^d (c)	2.38±0.04^cd (b)	2.99±0.07^b (a)	2.46±0.02^c (b)
红香梨	2.59±0.05^a (d)	3.00±0.04^a (c)	3.75±0.02^a (a)	3.11±0.01^a (b)
酸称砣	1.57±0.02^fg (a)	1.62±0.02^h (a)	1.77±0.05^g (a)	1.65±0.01^g (a)
沙01	0.56±0.02^j (c)	0.73±0.02^j (b)	0.80±0.04ⁱ (a)	0.70±0.01ⁱ (b)
莎车晚红香	1.71±0.02^e (c)	1.77±0.03^f (b)	1.86±0.03^fg (a)	1.78±0.01^f (b)
伊犁红句句梨	1.34±0.03^h (c)	1.64±0.04^gh (b)	1.87±0.04^fg (a)	1.62±0.02^g (b)
平均	1.62±0.62	1.85±0.67	2.21±0.84	1.90±0.70

品种名称 Cultivar Name	石细胞含量Stone cell content(%)
品种名称 Cultivar Name	近果皮处	中层果肉	近果心处	总体平均
库尔勒香梨	0.30±0.02^k(c)	0.53±0.02^k (b)	0.77±0.01ⁱ (a)	0.54±0.01^j (b)
句句梨	1.52±0.05^g (c)	1.71±0.05^fg (b)	2.11±0.11^e (a)	1.78±0.05^f (b)
霍城句句梨	1.60±0.02^f(c)	1.65±0.01^gh (c)	1.93±0.03^f (a)	1.73±0.01^f (b)
棋盘梨	2.37±0.03^b (c)	2.55±0.06^b (bc)	3.05±0.14^b (a)	2.65±0.07^b (b)
莎车乃西普特	2.07±0.01^d (c)	2.29±0.06^c (b)	2.79±0.03^c (a)	2.42±0.03^c (b)
八月梨	1.00±0.07ⁱ (c)	1.17±0.03ⁱ (b)	1.33±0.03^h (a)	1.16±0.02^h (b)
黄句句梨	1.57±0.01^fg (c)	1.86±0.03^e (b)	2.30±0.09^d (a)	1.91±0.03^e (b)
塔西阿木特	2.23±0.03^c (c)	2.49±0.06^b (b)	3.12±0.08^b (a)	2.61±0.03^b (b)
大果奎克阿木特	2.01±0.02^d (c)	2.30±0.05^d (b)	2.70±0.02^c (a)	2.33±0.01^d (b)
乃西普特	2.01±0.05^d (c)	2.38±0.04^cd (b)	2.99±0.07^b (a)	2.46±0.02^c (b)
红香梨	2.59±0.05^a (d)	3.00±0.04^a (c)	3.75±0.02^a (a)	3.11±0.01^a (b)
酸称砣	1.57±0.02^fg (a)	1.62±0.02^h (a)	1.77±0.05^g (a)	1.65±0.01^g (a)
沙01	0.56±0.02^j (c)	0.73±0.02^j (b)	0.80±0.04ⁱ (a)	0.70±0.01ⁱ (b)
莎车晚红香	1.71±0.02^e (c)	1.77±0.03^f (b)	1.86±0.03^fg (a)	1.78±0.01^f (b)
伊犁红句句梨	1.34±0.03^h (c)	1.64±0.04^gh (b)	1.87±0.04^fg (a)	1.62±0.02^g (b)
平均	1.62±0.62	1.85±0.67	2.21±0.84	1.90±0.70