Differences of Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Different Wheat Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.004

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (8): 1847-1854.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.004

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Differences of Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Different Wheat Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

ZHANG Hongzhi¹(), GAO Yonghong², WANG Lihong¹, KONG Depeng³, ZHANG Yueqiang¹, LI Jianfeng¹, WANG Zhong¹, GAO Xin¹, SHI Jia¹, ZHAO Qi¹(), FAN Zheru¹()

1. Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China Northwestern Oasis, MOARA / Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2021-10-11 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-10-01
Correspondence author: ZHAO Qi, FAN Zheru
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program Project of China “Comprehensive Evaluation of Technical Approach for Differentiation of Production and Efficiency Levels in Main Grain Production Areas”(2016YFD0300110);Open Project of Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region, MOARA, P. R. China “Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Different Wheat Varieties in Xinjiang”(25107020-201805);National Natural Science Foundation of China “Research on Effects of Low Light and Nitrogen Interaction on Leaf Character, Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Winter Wheat”(31560370)

不同冬小麦品种产量和氮素吸收利用效率差异

张宏芝¹(), 高永红², 王立红¹, 孔德鹏³, 张跃强¹, 李剑峰¹, 王重¹, 高新¹, 时佳¹, 赵奇¹(), 樊哲儒¹()

1.新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业技术推广总站, 乌鲁木齐 830000

通讯作者: 赵奇,樊哲儒
作者简介:张宏芝（1983-）,男,甘肃永昌人,副研究员,研究方向为小麦高产栽培,（E-mail） dreamzhz@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“粮食主产区产量与效率层次差异消减技术途径综合评价”(2016YFD0300110);农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题“氮肥对新疆不同小麦品种产量和氮素利用效率影响的研究”(25107020-201805);国家自然科学基金“弱光及氮肥互作对冬小麦叶源特性、氮素利用率及产量影响的研究”(31560370)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the difference of yield, N uptake and utilization efficiency and response to N fertilizer among different winter wheat varieties in southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing reference for N efficient breeding, selection of N efficient varieties and optimum application of N fertilizer.【Method】12 varieties（strain） were planted in Southern Xinjiang with 3 N application rates, the yield, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen use efficiency（NUE）, nitrogen uptake efficiency（UPE） and nitrogen utilization efficiency（UTE） of different wheat varieties under different nitrogen fertilizer levels were studied.【Result】With the increase of nitrogen application amount, the number of panicle and grain per panicle of different cultivars increased, the 1000-grain weight decreased, and the nitrogen accumulation and yield increased. The NUE, UPE and UTE decreased with the increase of N application. Cluster analysis was carried out on the N use efficiency of various varieties at different N levels. The varieties with higher NUE were Xindong 40, Xindong 60, 15/6317. Different nitrogen efficient varieties had different approaches to achieve high NUE. Under the condition of no nitrogen application（N₀）, Xindong 40, Xindong 60 and 15/6317 had high NUE, which was mainly due to the joint effects of UPE and UTE. The high nitrogen absorption efficiency of new winter 60 and 40 under nitrogen application was due to their higher UPE, while 15 / 6317 high nitrogen utilization rate was the common effect of nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency.【Conclusion】Different varieties have different approaches to achieve high nitrogen efficiency, so it is necessary to regulate and control the nitrogen absorption and utilization characteristics of different wheat varieties, improve the nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of wheat, maximize the exploitation and utilization of their high yield and high efficiency potential, thus achieving the increase in yield and efficiency.

Key words: wheat; varieties; yield; nitrogen use efficiency

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆南疆不同冬小麦品种产量、氮素吸收利用效率的差异及对氮肥的响应,为小麦氮高效育种、氮高效品种选择及氮肥优化施用提供参考依据。【方法】设置3个施氮量,选择新疆南疆种植12个品种（系）为材料,研究不同氮肥水平下不同小麦品种的产量、氮素积累量、氮素利用率、氮素吸收效率和氮素利用效率等指标差异。【结果】随着施氮量的增加不同品种收获穗数、穗粒数增加,千粒重降低,氮素积累量和产量增加;氮素利用率、氮素吸收效率和氮素利用效率随着施氮量的增加而降低。氮素利用率较高品种为新冬40号,新冬60号,15/6317。氮高效品种达到高氮效率的途径不同,在不施氮（N_o）条件下新冬40号,新冬60号,15/6317氮素利用率高主要是氮素吸收效率和氮素利用效率的共同作用,以氮素利用效率为主;在施氮条件下新冬60号和新冬40号在氮素吸收效率高来自其较高氮素吸收能力,而15/6317氮素利用率较高是氮素吸收效率和氮素利用效率的共同作用。【结论】不同品种达到氮高效的途径不同,针对不同小麦品种的氮素吸收和利用特性进行调控,提高小麦氮素吸收和利用效率。

关键词: 小麦, 品种, 产量, 氮素利用率

CLC Number:

S512

ZHANG Hongzhi, GAO Yonghong, WANG Lihong, KONG Depeng, ZHANG Yueqiang, LI Jianfeng, WANG Zhong, GAO Xin, SHI Jia, ZHAO Qi, FAN Zheru. Differences of Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Different Wheat Varieties in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 1847-1854.

张宏芝, 高永红, 王立红, 孔德鹏, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 赵奇, 樊哲儒. 不同冬小麦品种产量和氮素吸收利用效率差异[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 1847-1854.

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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处理 Treatment		收获穗数 Spike number （10⁴/hm²）	穗粒数 Kernels perear （粒）	千粒重 1000-Grain weight （g）	产量 Yield （kg/hm²）
N₀	新冬20号	445.5	36.4	42.4	4 875.0 ^c
	中麦8号	510	39	42.9	4 812.3 ^cde
	新冬60号	438	36.4	44.2	5 317.05 ^ab
	新冬22号	508.5	31.2	48.1	4 819.6 ^cde
	新冬57号	397.5	36.5	51.3	4 854.0 ^cd
	新冬46号	445.5	29.3	45.2	4 498.6 ^f
	15/6412	460.5	30.9	45.3	4 245.7 ^g
	H12-38	454.5	22.7	47	4 070.7 ^h
	新冬40号	406.5	36.4	50.5	5 692.0 ^a
	15/6317	381	32.4	50.1	5 331.6 ^b
	邯5316	372	27.1	47.9	4 742.7 ^e
	12/N6166	384	33	49.3	4 779.3 ^de
N₁	新冬20号	627	37.3	41.5	8 459.7 ^e
	中麦8号	702	37.4	41	8 545.5 ^de
	新冬60号	692	43.4	43	9 554.2 ^a
	新冬22号	739.5	29	42.5	7 255.2 ^g
	新冬57号	585	38.6	49.4	9 552.0 ^a
	新冬46号	775.5	30.3	45.1	8 942.8 ^b
	15/6412	721.5	37.5	41.5	8 934.6 ^b
	H12-38	766.5	24.4	51	7 907.4 ^f
	新冬40号	724.5	38	42.5	9 589.6 ^a
	15/6317	687	37.4	39.3	8 823.9 ^c
	邯5316	640.5	30.5	47.1	8 492.1 ^de
	12/N6166	540	35.4	49	8 574.0 ^d
N₂	新冬20号	682.5	38.3	39.7	9 541.1 ^d
	中麦8号	723	41	40.6	9 250.6 ^e
	新冬60号	720.5	45.8	40	10 250.2 ^a
	新冬22号	744	32.5	38.7	8 214.0 ⁱ
	新冬57号	615	40.2	45.8	9 156.6 ^f
	新冬46号	799.5	32.1	44.1	9 325.8 ^e
	15/6412	742.5	38.7	39.7	9 002.2 ^g
	H12-38	784.5	25.2	47.6	8 696.2^h
	新冬40号	756	38.9	40	9 862.3 ^b
	15/6317	747	37.7	37.3	9 906.1 ^b
	邯5316	652.5	38.5	42	9 752.1 ^c
	12/N6166	586.5	35.5	47.8	9 667.3 ^c

处理 Treatment		收获穗数 Spike number （10⁴/hm²）	穗粒数 Kernels perear （粒）	千粒重 1000-Grain weight （g）	产量 Yield （kg/hm²）
N₀	新冬20号	445.5	36.4	42.4	4 875.0 ^c
	中麦8号	510	39	42.9	4 812.3 ^cde
	新冬60号	438	36.4	44.2	5 317.05 ^ab
	新冬22号	508.5	31.2	48.1	4 819.6 ^cde
	新冬57号	397.5	36.5	51.3	4 854.0 ^cd
	新冬46号	445.5	29.3	45.2	4 498.6 ^f
	15/6412	460.5	30.9	45.3	4 245.7 ^g
	H12-38	454.5	22.7	47	4 070.7 ^h
	新冬40号	406.5	36.4	50.5	5 692.0 ^a
	15/6317	381	32.4	50.1	5 331.6 ^b
	邯5316	372	27.1	47.9	4 742.7 ^e
	12/N6166	384	33	49.3	4 779.3 ^de
N₁	新冬20号	627	37.3	41.5	8 459.7 ^e
	中麦8号	702	37.4	41	8 545.5 ^de
	新冬60号	692	43.4	43	9 554.2 ^a
	新冬22号	739.5	29	42.5	7 255.2 ^g
	新冬57号	585	38.6	49.4	9 552.0 ^a
	新冬46号	775.5	30.3	45.1	8 942.8 ^b
	15/6412	721.5	37.5	41.5	8 934.6 ^b
	H12-38	766.5	24.4	51	7 907.4 ^f
	新冬40号	724.5	38	42.5	9 589.6 ^a
	15/6317	687	37.4	39.3	8 823.9 ^c
	邯5316	640.5	30.5	47.1	8 492.1 ^de
	12/N6166	540	35.4	49	8 574.0 ^d
N₂	新冬20号	682.5	38.3	39.7	9 541.1 ^d
	中麦8号	723	41	40.6	9 250.6 ^e
	新冬60号	720.5	45.8	40	10 250.2 ^a
	新冬22号	744	32.5	38.7	8 214.0 ⁱ
	新冬57号	615	40.2	45.8	9 156.6 ^f
	新冬46号	799.5	32.1	44.1	9 325.8 ^e
	15/6412	742.5	38.7	39.7	9 002.2 ^g
	H12-38	784.5	25.2	47.6	8 696.2^h
	新冬40号	756	38.9	40	9 862.3 ^b
	15/6317	747	37.7	37.3	9 906.1 ^b
	邯5316	652.5	38.5	42	9 752.1 ^c
	12/N6166	586.5	35.5	47.8	9 667.3 ^c

品种 varieties	N₀	N₁	N₂
新冬20号 Xindonɡ 20	127.7 ^a	228.5 ^e	300.3 ^e
中麦8号 Zhonɡmɑi 8	124.4 ^ab	232.2 ^d	316.0 ^c
新冬60号 Xindonɡ 60	123.7 ^ab	263.9 ^a	352.3 ^a
新冬22号 Xindonɡ 22	105.3^f	214.8 ^g	288.4 ^g
新冬57号 Xindonɡ 57	110.0 ^de	246.3 ^c	316.2 ^c
新冬46号 Xindonɡ 46	121.9 ^b	243.3 ^c	308.6 ^d
15/6412	111.8 ^d	252.3 ^b	309.1 ^d
H12-38	106.8 ^ef	223.8 ^f	293.4 ^f
新冬40号 Xindong 40	126.3 ^a	254.3 ^ab	349.9 ^a
15/6317	117.2 ^c	209.7 ^cd	332.4 ^b
邯5316 Hɑn5316	126.6 ^a	220.1 ^f	286.3 ^g
12/N6166	128.1 ^a	227.2 ^e	286.1 ^g

品种 varieties	N₀	N₁	N₂
新冬20号 Xindonɡ 20	127.7 ^a	228.5 ^e	300.3 ^e
中麦8号 Zhonɡmɑi 8	124.4 ^ab	232.2 ^d	316.0 ^c
新冬60号 Xindonɡ 60	123.7 ^ab	263.9 ^a	352.3 ^a
新冬22号 Xindonɡ 22	105.3^f	214.8 ^g	288.4 ^g
新冬57号 Xindonɡ 57	110.0 ^de	246.3 ^c	316.2 ^c
新冬46号 Xindonɡ 46	121.9 ^b	243.3 ^c	308.6 ^d
15/6412	111.8 ^d	252.3 ^b	309.1 ^d
H12-38	106.8 ^ef	223.8 ^f	293.4 ^f
新冬40号 Xindong 40	126.3 ^a	254.3 ^ab	349.9 ^a
15/6317	117.2 ^c	209.7 ^cd	332.4 ^b
邯5316 Hɑn5316	126.6 ^a	220.1 ^f	286.3 ^g
12/N6166	128.1 ^a	227.2 ^e	286.1 ^g

品种 varieties	N₀	N₁	N₂
新冬20号 Xindonɡ 20	65.3 ^c	33.2 ^c	27.6 ^d
中麦8号 Zhonɡmɑi 8	64.5 ^cde	33.5 ^c	26.8 ^e
新冬60号 Xindonɡ 60	71.3 ^ab	37.5 ^a	29.7 ^a
新冬22号 Xindonɡ 22	64.6 ^cde	28.5 ^e	23.8 ^h
新冬57号 Xindonɡ 57	65.1 ^cd	37.5 ^a	26.5 ^ef
新冬46号 Xindonɡ 46	60.3^f	35.1 ^b	27.0 ^e
6412	56.9^g	35.0 ^b	26.1 ^f
H12-38	54.6 ^h	31.0 ^d	25.2 ^g
新冬40号 Xindong 40	76.3 ^a	37.6 ^a	28.6 ^bc
6317	71.5 ^b	34.6 ^b	28.7 ^ab
邯5316 Hɑn5316	63.6 ^e	33.3 ^c	28.3 ^bcd
6166	64.1 ^de	33.6 ^c	28.0 ^cd

Differences of Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Different Wheat Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

不同冬小麦品种产量和氮素吸收利用效率差异

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品种 Varieties	氮肥吸收效率 Nitrogen uptake efficiency（%）			氮素利用效率 Nitrogen utilization efficiency（kg/kg）
品种 Varieties	N₀	N₁	N₂	N₀	N₁	N₂
新冬20号 Xindonɡ 20	171.3 ^a	89.7 ^de	87.1 ^e	38.1 ^c	37.0 ^d	31.7 ^b
中麦8号 Zhonɡmɑi 8	166.9 ^c	91.2 ^cd	91.7 ^c	38.6 ^c	36.7 ^d	29.2 ^def
新冬60号 Xindonɡ 60	166.0 ^c	103.6 ^a	102.2 ^a	42.9 ^b	36.1 ^e	29.1 ^ef
新冬22号 Xindonɡ 22	141.3 ⁱ	84.3 ^ef	83.7 ^g	45.7 ^a	33.7 ^g	28.4 ^gh
新冬57号 Xindonɡ 57	147.5 ^g	96.7 ^b	91.7 ^c	44.1 ^ab	38.7 ^a	28.9 ^fg
新冬46号 Xindonɡ 46	163.5 ^d	95.6 ^bc	89.5 ^d	36.8 ^c	36.7 ^d	30.2 ^c
15/6412	150.1 ^f	99.1 ^ab	89.7 ^d	37.9 ^c	35.3 ^f	29.1 ^ef
H12-38	143.3 ^h	87.9 ^de	85.1^f	38.0 ^c	35.3 ^f	29.6 ^de
新冬40号 Xindong 40	169.5 ^b	99.9 ^ab	101.5 ^a	45.0 ^ab	37.7 ^c	28.1 ^h
15/6317	157.2 ^e	96.3 ^bc	96.4 ^b	45.4 ^ab	38.4 ^b	29.7 ^cd
邯5316 Hɑn5316	169.8 ^b	86.4 ^def	83.1 ^g	37.45 ^c	38.5 ^b	34.0 ^a
12/N6166	171.8 ^a	89.2 ^de	83.0 ^g	37.3 ^c	37.7 ^c	33.7 ^a

品种 Varieties	氮肥吸收效率 Nitrogen uptake efficiency（%）			氮素利用效率 Nitrogen utilization efficiency（kg/kg）
品种 Varieties	N₀	N₁	N₂	N₀	N₁	N₂
新冬20号 Xindonɡ 20	171.3 ^a	89.7 ^de	87.1 ^e	38.1 ^c	37.0 ^d	31.7 ^b
中麦8号 Zhonɡmɑi 8	166.9 ^c	91.2 ^cd	91.7 ^c	38.6 ^c	36.7 ^d	29.2 ^def
新冬60号 Xindonɡ 60	166.0 ^c	103.6 ^a	102.2 ^a	42.9 ^b	36.1 ^e	29.1 ^ef
新冬22号 Xindonɡ 22	141.3 ⁱ	84.3 ^ef	83.7 ^g	45.7 ^a	33.7 ^g	28.4 ^gh
新冬57号 Xindonɡ 57	147.5 ^g	96.7 ^b	91.7 ^c	44.1 ^ab	38.7 ^a	28.9 ^fg
新冬46号 Xindonɡ 46	163.5 ^d	95.6 ^bc	89.5 ^d	36.8 ^c	36.7 ^d	30.2 ^c
15/6412	150.1 ^f	99.1 ^ab	89.7 ^d	37.9 ^c	35.3 ^f	29.1 ^ef
H12-38	143.3 ^h	87.9 ^de	85.1^f	38.0 ^c	35.3 ^f	29.6 ^de
新冬40号 Xindong 40	169.5 ^b	99.9 ^ab	101.5 ^a	45.0 ^ab	37.7 ^c	28.1 ^h
15/6317	157.2 ^e	96.3 ^bc	96.4 ^b	45.4 ^ab	38.4 ^b	29.7 ^cd
邯5316 Hɑn5316	169.8 ^b	86.4 ^def	83.1 ^g	37.45 ^c	38.5 ^b	34.0 ^a
12/N6166	171.8 ^a	89.2 ^de	83.0 ^g	37.3 ^c	37.7 ^c	33.7 ^a