新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 26-33.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.004
• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇 下一篇
罗林毅(), 陈瑞杰, 阮向阳, 任晓辉, 曲奥, 苏海婷, 冶军()
收稿日期:
2023-05-07
出版日期:
2024-01-20
发布日期:
2024-02-21
通信作者:
冶军(1973-),男,新疆人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为新型肥料与现代施肥技术,(E-mail)作者简介:
罗林毅(1998-),男,重庆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为新型肥料与现代施肥技术,(E-mail)luolinyi0703@163.com
基金资助:
LUO Linyi(), CHEN Ruijie, RUAN Xiangyang, REN Xiaohui, QU Ao, SU Haiting, YE Jun()
Received:
2023-05-07
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2024-02-21
Correspondence author:
YE Jun(1973-),male,from Xinjiang,professor,research interests:new fertilizers and modern fertilization techniques,(E-mail)Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究不同微生物菌剂施用量对土壤养分活化、棉花产量及品质的影响,为滴灌棉田合理施用微生物菌剂提供参考。【方法】采用室内培养与田间小区试验相结合方法,室内培养将微生物菌剂施入含有土壤的培养盒中,分别培养0、5、10、15、20 d,分析微生物菌剂对土壤养分活化效率最大的时间;田间小区试验设置4个处理:CK(不施微生物菌剂)、T1(施微生物菌剂75 L/ hm2)、T2(施微生物菌剂150 L/hm2)、T3(施微生物菌剂300 L/ hm2),每个处理设3个重复,分析微生物菌剂对土壤养分和棉花产量及品质的影响。【结果】0~20 cm、20~40 cm土层的有效硅、有效磷、速效钾含量随着施用微生物菌剂的增加而增加,T3处理效果最显著。T3处理的单铃重较CK增加8.7%,产量增加14.6%。T3处理的绒长、断裂比强度、纺纱均匀性指数较CK显著增加;马克隆值由C2级提高至B2级。【结论】微生物菌剂施入土壤的第5 d对土壤养分的活化效果最佳,且能够增加土壤有效硅、有效磷、速效钾的有效含量,提高棉花产量并改善品质。
中图分类号:
罗林毅, 陈瑞杰, 阮向阳, 任晓辉, 曲奥, 苏海婷, 冶军. 微生物菌剂对滴灌棉田土壤养分和棉花产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 26-33.
LUO Linyi, CHEN Ruijie, RUAN Xiangyang, REN Xiaohui, QU Ao, SU Haiting, YE Jun. Effects of microbial agents on soil nutrients,cotton yield and quality in drip irrigation cotton fields[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 26-33.
图2 不同微生物菌剂下土壤有效硅含量变化 注:CK(不施微生物菌剂)、T1(施微生物菌剂75 L/ hm2)、T2(施微生物菌剂150 L/hm2)、T3(施微生物菌剂300 L/ hm2),P<0.05,下同
Fig.2 Effects of microbial agents on soil available silicon content Note:CK(no microbial agent),T1(application of microbial agents75 L/hm2),T2(application of microbial agents 150 L/hm2),T3(application of microbial agents 300 L/hm2),P<0.05,the same as below
处理 Treat- ment | 株数 Number of plants (株/hm2) | 单株铃数 Boll number per plant (个) | 单铃重 Single bell weight (g) | 籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 214 825 | 4.20 b | 4.84 b | 4 364 c |
T1 | 215 566 | 4.44 ab | 5.04 ab | 4 823 b |
T2 | 218 529 | 4.57 ab | 5.02 ab | 5 008 ab |
T3 | 213 388 | 4.45 ab | 5.30 a | 5 211 a |
表1 不同微生物菌剂下棉花产量和构成因素变化
Tab.1 Effect of microbial agents on cottonyield and components
处理 Treat- ment | 株数 Number of plants (株/hm2) | 单株铃数 Boll number per plant (个) | 单铃重 Single bell weight (g) | 籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 214 825 | 4.20 b | 4.84 b | 4 364 c |
T1 | 215 566 | 4.44 ab | 5.04 ab | 4 823 b |
T2 | 218 529 | 4.57 ab | 5.02 ab | 5 008 ab |
T3 | 213 388 | 4.45 ab | 5.30 a | 5 211 a |
结铃部位 Belling position | 处理 Treatment | 绒长 Fiber length (mm) | 断裂 比强度 Strength (cN/tex) | 马克隆值 Micronaire | 整齐度 指数 Maturity Index (%) | 伸长率 Elongation (%) | 反射率 Reflectance (%) | 黄度 Yellowness | 纺纱均匀 性指数 Spinning Consistency Index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
上 Upper | CK | 26.20a | 24.02a | 5.03a | 79.97a | 5.22b | 85.20a | 8.30c | 96.92b |
T1 | 26.33a | 24.30a | 5.00a | 79.70a | 5.33ab | 84.70a | 8.40bc | 97.67b | |
T2 | 26.10a | 23.60a | 4.77b | 79.00a | 5.33ab | 85.17a | 8.80ab | 97.50b | |
T3 | 26.57a | 24.83a | 4.67b | 80.33a | 5.40a | 84.60a | 8.95a | 105.67a | |
中 Centre | CK | 28.90a | 28.83a | 4.93ab | 82.53a | 5.95b | 84.70a | 8.53a | 128.50a |
T1 | 28.10b | 28.03a | 5.00a | 81.77ab | 5.80b | 84.67a | 8.77a | 124.00b | |
T2 | 27.27c | 26.60b | 4.93ab | 80.73c | 5.77b | 84.70a | 8.53a | 123.33b | |
T3 | 28.83a | 28.37a | 4.67b | 81.60b | 6.17a | 84.03a | 8.55a | 126.00ab | |
下 Below | CK | 28.98c | 29.53ab | 4.97a | 83.00a | 6.57a | 83.17a | 8.17b | 131.50b |
T1 | 29.53b | 30.13a | 4.67b | 82.70a | 6.57a | 84.23a | 8.53a | 137.00ab | |
T2 | 29.15c | 28.37b | 4.67b | 81.80a | 6.60a | 83.77a | 8.57a | 132.83b | |
T3 | 30.13a | 29.90a | 4.27c | 83.27a | 6.80a | 85.20a | 8.43a | 145.33a |
表2 不同微生物菌剂下不同部位棉花品质变化
Tab.2 Effects of microbial agents on cotton quality in different parts
结铃部位 Belling position | 处理 Treatment | 绒长 Fiber length (mm) | 断裂 比强度 Strength (cN/tex) | 马克隆值 Micronaire | 整齐度 指数 Maturity Index (%) | 伸长率 Elongation (%) | 反射率 Reflectance (%) | 黄度 Yellowness | 纺纱均匀 性指数 Spinning Consistency Index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
上 Upper | CK | 26.20a | 24.02a | 5.03a | 79.97a | 5.22b | 85.20a | 8.30c | 96.92b |
T1 | 26.33a | 24.30a | 5.00a | 79.70a | 5.33ab | 84.70a | 8.40bc | 97.67b | |
T2 | 26.10a | 23.60a | 4.77b | 79.00a | 5.33ab | 85.17a | 8.80ab | 97.50b | |
T3 | 26.57a | 24.83a | 4.67b | 80.33a | 5.40a | 84.60a | 8.95a | 105.67a | |
中 Centre | CK | 28.90a | 28.83a | 4.93ab | 82.53a | 5.95b | 84.70a | 8.53a | 128.50a |
T1 | 28.10b | 28.03a | 5.00a | 81.77ab | 5.80b | 84.67a | 8.77a | 124.00b | |
T2 | 27.27c | 26.60b | 4.93ab | 80.73c | 5.77b | 84.70a | 8.53a | 123.33b | |
T3 | 28.83a | 28.37a | 4.67b | 81.60b | 6.17a | 84.03a | 8.55a | 126.00ab | |
下 Below | CK | 28.98c | 29.53ab | 4.97a | 83.00a | 6.57a | 83.17a | 8.17b | 131.50b |
T1 | 29.53b | 30.13a | 4.67b | 82.70a | 6.57a | 84.23a | 8.53a | 137.00ab | |
T2 | 29.15c | 28.37b | 4.67b | 81.80a | 6.60a | 83.77a | 8.57a | 132.83b | |
T3 | 30.13a | 29.90a | 4.27c | 83.27a | 6.80a | 85.20a | 8.43a | 145.33a |
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