新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 32-42.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.005
• 作物遗传育种 · 耕作栽培 · 种质资源 · 生理生化 • 上一篇 下一篇
郑瑞明1,2(), 王莉2,3, 张军高1,3,4, 鄢蓉2, 李进1,3, 梁晶1,3, 雷斌1,3(), 周小云1,3()
收稿日期:
2022-05-18
出版日期:
2023-01-20
发布日期:
2023-03-07
通信作者:
雷斌(1973-),男,四川巴中人,研究员,博士,研究方向为农药研制及作物化控技术,(E-mail)leib668@xaas.ac.cn;周小云(1977-),男,重庆人,研究员,博士,研究方向为作物化控与生物技术,(E-mail)xiaoyunzhou77@126.com
作者简介:
郑瑞明(1996-),男,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农作物化控技术与产品,(E-mail)196685079@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHENG Ruiming1,2(), WANG Li2,3, ZHANG Jungao1,3,4, YAN Rong2, LI Jin1,3, LIANG Jing1,3, LEI Bin1,3(), ZHOU Xiaoyun1,3()
Received:
2022-05-18
Online:
2023-01-20
Published:
2023-03-07
Correspondence author:
LEI Bin (1973-), male, from Sichuan Province, researcher, PhD, research direction: crop chemical control research, (E-mail)leib668@xaas.ac.cn;ZHOU Xiaoyun (1977-), male, Chongqing, researcher, PhD, research direction: crop chemical control and biotechnology, (E-mail)xiaoyunzhou77@126.com
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】分析植物甲醇提取物对小麦萌发及幼苗生长的调节作用,筛选出生长调节活性较好的新型植物源提取物并确定适宜的浓度范围。【方法】以推广春麦品种新春44号为材料,以蒸馏水处理为对照,将16种农业药用植物甲醇提取物浸膏分别制备成4种不同浓度(10%、1%、0.1%、0.01%)的溶液。采用发芽试验筛选与盆栽试验验证,测定小麦幼苗的叶长、茎粗、地上部分干鲜重、内源激素含量以及光合特性等指标,运用隶属函数法与主成分分析法评价效果最优的植物源提取物并确定适宜的浓度范围。【结果】与对照比较,0.01%苦豆子、苦草和孜然甲醇提取物浸种发芽势分别增加10.00%、8.83%、7.62%;根长分别提高23.44%、21.88%、18.75%。筛选出0.1%苦豆子、0.01%苦豆子、0.01%孜然、1%苦草、0.1%苦草、0.01%苦草、10%曼陀罗和0.01%大戟提取物,0.01%苦豆子和苦草提取物叶长分别提高16.62%、15.91%;0.01%孜然与苦豆子提取物处理的小麦鲜重分别增加14.78%、5.15%。综合评价前3位分别为0.01%苦豆子、0.01%苦草和0.01%孜然提取物,对小麦具有一定的促生潜力。【结论】苦豆子、苦草、孜然3种低浓度甲醇提取物小麦种子萌发与幼苗生长效果较好,能够调控小麦内源激素水平,促进幼苗生长。
中图分类号:
郑瑞明, 王莉, 张军高, 鄢蓉, 李进, 梁晶, 雷斌, 周小云. 16种植物甲醇提取物对小麦萌发及幼苗生长活性筛选与评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 32-42.
ZHENG Ruiming, WANG Li, ZHANG Jungao, YAN Rong, LI Jin, LIANG Jing, LEI Bin, ZHOU Xiaoyun. Screening and Evaluation of Wheat Germination and Seedling Growth Activity by 16 Plant Methanol Extracts[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 32-42.
科名 Familys | 种名 Species | 供试部位 Extraction parts | 采集地点 Location |
---|---|---|---|
茄科Solanaceae | 曼陀罗Datura metel | 整株 | 轮台县 |
柏科Cupressaceae | 线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | 枝叶 | 新和县 |
莎草科Cyperaceae | 猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | 茎叶 | 疏勒县 |
水鳖科Hydrocharitacea | 苦草Vallisneria natans | 枝叶 | 巴楚县 |
胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae | 沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | 枝叶 | 巴楚县 |
含羞草科Mimosaceae | 金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | 枝叶 | 麦盖提县 |
藜科Chenopodiaceae | 灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
大戟科Euphorbiaceae | 大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 |
唇形科Labiatae | 黄芩Scutellariabaicalensis | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
牛至Organum vulgare | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 | |
蒺藜科Zygophyllaceae | 小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | 枝叶 | 库车县 |
伞形科Umbelliferae | 毒参Hemlock | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 |
孜然Cuminum cyminum | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 | |
豆科Hemlock | 苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | 枝叶 | 疏勒县 | |
黄芪Astragali Radix | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
表1 供试植物材料
Table 1 Plant material for testing
科名 Familys | 种名 Species | 供试部位 Extraction parts | 采集地点 Location |
---|---|---|---|
茄科Solanaceae | 曼陀罗Datura metel | 整株 | 轮台县 |
柏科Cupressaceae | 线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | 枝叶 | 新和县 |
莎草科Cyperaceae | 猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | 茎叶 | 疏勒县 |
水鳖科Hydrocharitacea | 苦草Vallisneria natans | 枝叶 | 巴楚县 |
胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae | 沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | 枝叶 | 巴楚县 |
含羞草科Mimosaceae | 金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | 枝叶 | 麦盖提县 |
藜科Chenopodiaceae | 灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
大戟科Euphorbiaceae | 大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 |
唇形科Labiatae | 黄芩Scutellariabaicalensis | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
牛至Organum vulgare | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 | |
蒺藜科Zygophyllaceae | 小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | 枝叶 | 库车县 |
伞形科Umbelliferae | 毒参Hemlock | 茎叶 | 昭苏县 |
孜然Cuminum cyminum | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 | |
豆科Hemlock | 苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | 枝叶 | 疏勒县 | |
黄芪Astragali Radix | 整株 | 玛纳斯县 |
处理Treatment | 编号Number | 处理Treatment | 编号Number |
---|---|---|---|
10%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-1 | 10%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-1 |
1%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-2 | 1%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-2 |
0.1%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-3 | 0.1%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-3 |
0.01%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-4 | 0.01%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-4 |
10%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-1 | 10%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-1 |
1%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-2 | 1%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-2 |
0.1%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-3 | 0.1%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-3 |
0.01%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-4 | 0.01%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-4 |
10%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-1 | 10%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-1 |
1%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-2 | 1%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-2 |
0.1%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-3 | 0.1%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-3 |
0.01%Vallisneria natans | Y3-4 | 0.01%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-4 |
10%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-1 | 10%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-1 |
1%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-2 | 1%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-2 |
0.1%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-3 | 0.1%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-3 |
0.01%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-4 | 0.01%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-4 |
10%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-1 | 10%毒参Hemlock | Y13-1 |
1%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-2 | 1%毒参Hemlock | Y13-2 |
0.1%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-3 | 0.1%毒参Hemlock | Y13-3 |
0.01%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-4 | 0.01%毒参Hemlock | Y13-4 |
10%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-1 | 10%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-1 |
1%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-2 | 1%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-2 |
0.1%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-3 | 0.1%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-3 |
0.01%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-4 | 0.01%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-4 |
10%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-1 | 10%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-1 |
1%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-2 | 1%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-2 |
0.1%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-3 | 0.1%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-3 |
0.01%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-4 | 0.01%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-4 |
10%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-1 | 10%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-1 |
1%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-2 | 1%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-2 |
0.1%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-3 | 0.1%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-3 |
0.01%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-4 | 0.01%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-4 |
表2 供试植物提取物配制浓度及编号
Table 2 Preparation concentration and number of tested plant extracts
处理Treatment | 编号Number | 处理Treatment | 编号Number |
---|---|---|---|
10%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-1 | 10%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-1 |
1%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-2 | 1%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-2 |
0.1%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-3 | 0.1%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-3 |
0.01%苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | Y1-4 | 0.01%小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | Y5-4 |
10%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-1 | 10%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-1 |
1%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-2 | 1%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-2 |
0.1%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-3 | 0.1%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-3 |
0.01%孜然Cuminum cyminum | Y2-4 | 0.01%骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | Y6-4 |
10%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-1 | 10%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-1 |
1%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-2 | 1%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-2 |
0.1%苦草Vallisneria natans | Y3-3 | 0.1%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-3 |
0.01%Vallisneria natans | Y3-4 | 0.01%大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | Y7-4 |
10%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-1 | 10%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-1 |
1%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-2 | 1%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-2 |
0.1%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-3 | 0.1%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-3 |
0.01%曼陀罗Datura metelL | Y4-4 | 0.01%黄芪Astragali Radix | Y8-4 |
10%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-1 | 10%毒参Hemlock | Y13-1 |
1%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-2 | 1%毒参Hemlock | Y13-2 |
0.1%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-3 | 0.1%毒参Hemlock | Y13-3 |
0.01%黄芩Astragali Radix | Y9-4 | 0.01%毒参Hemlock | Y13-4 |
10%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-1 | 10%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-1 |
1%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-2 | 1%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-2 |
0.1%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-3 | 0.1%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-3 |
0.01%牛至Organum vulgare | Y10-4 | 0.01%金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | Y14-4 |
10%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-1 | 10%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-1 |
1%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-2 | 1%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-2 |
0.1%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-3 | 0.1%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-3 |
0.01%灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | Y11-4 | 0.01%猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | Y15-4 |
10%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-1 | 10%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-1 |
1%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-2 | 1%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-2 |
0.1%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-3 | 0.1%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-3 |
0.01%线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | Y12-4 | 0.01%沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | Y16-4 |
种名 Species | 提取率 Extraction rate(%) |
---|---|
灰绿藜Oakleaf Goosefoot | 15.21 |
曼陀罗Datura metelL | 11.30 |
线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | 13.76 |
猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | 15.40 |
苦草Vallisneria natans | 26.20 |
沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | 14.37 |
金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | 12.29 |
大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | 19.45 |
黄芩Scutellariabaicalensis | 18.13 |
牛至Organum vulgare | 21.14 |
小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | 15.80 |
毒参Hemlock | 19.70 |
孜然Cuminum cyminum | 12.87 |
苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | 12.61 |
骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | 6.11 |
黄芪Astragali Radix | 17.00 |
表3 16种植物甲醇提取物的提取率
Table 3 Extraction rates of 16 plant methanol extracts
种名 Species | 提取率 Extraction rate(%) |
---|---|
灰绿藜Oakleaf Goosefoot | 15.21 |
曼陀罗Datura metelL | 11.30 |
线柏Chamaecyparis pisifera | 13.76 |
猪毛草Scirpus wallichii | 15.40 |
苦草Vallisneria natans | 26.20 |
沙枣Elaeagnus angustifolia | 14.37 |
金合欢Acacia dyepanolobium | 12.29 |
大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | 19.45 |
黄芩Scutellariabaicalensis | 18.13 |
牛至Organum vulgare | 21.14 |
小果白刺Nitraria sibirica | 15.80 |
毒参Hemlock | 19.70 |
孜然Cuminum cyminum | 12.87 |
苦豆子Sophra alopecuroides | 12.61 |
骆驼刺Alhagi sparsifoli | 6.11 |
黄芪Astragali Radix | 17.00 |
处理 Treatment | 发芽势 Germination potential (%) | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 苗高 Shoot height | 根长 Root length | 根数 Root number | 储藏物质 转运率 Storage transport rate(%) | 综合评价值D D value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 82.7bcd | 89.0bc | 7.8bc | 6.4bc | 5.4bc | 25.1bc | 0.65 |
Y1-1 | 50.7g | 71.0ef | 5.3d | 5.4d | 4.8cd | 15.9e | 0.40 |
Y1-2 | 81.3bc | 89.0bc | 6.3cd | 6.3bc | 5.4bc | 20.6d | 0.57 |
Y1-3 | 84.0bc | 89.0bc | 8.7ab | 7.0bc | 6.0c | 27.3b | 0.71 |
Y1-4 | 91.0a | 95.0a | 9.2a | 7.9a | 6.4a | 30.2a | 0.93 |
Y2-1 | 12.7ef | 24.0g | 4.4de | 4.3de | 4.6cd | 12.8e | 0.14 |
Y2-2 | 82.7bc | 89.0bc | 6.5cd | 6.7bc | 5.4bc | 24.1bc | 0.62 |
Y2-3 | 84.0bc | 86.0cd | 8.8ab | 6.3b | 4.9cd | 31.8a | 0.63 |
Y2-4 | 89.0a | 92.0a | 8.9a | 7.6ab | 6.5a | 23.8d | 0.86 |
Y3-1 | 70.0de | 84.0cd | 7.1bc | 7.3ab | 6.3ab | 20.8d | 0.67 |
Y3-2 | 83.0bcd | 89.0bc | 10.6a | 6.8bc | 6.3ab | 25.8bc | 0.80 |
Y3-3 | 84.0bc | 87.0bc | 8.1ab | 7.0bc | 6.3ab | 33.6a | 0.73 |
Y3-4 | 90.0a | 93.0a | 9.1a | 7.8ab | 5.9bc | 27.7ab | 0.77 |
Y4-1 | 84.6bc | 88.2bc | 7.9bc | 6.7bc | 6.3ab | 22.8cd | 0.71 |
Y4-2 | 83.0bcd | 89.4ab | 7.3bc | 6.8bc | 5.8bc | 21.3d | 0.67 |
Y4-3 | 86.0ab | 88.2bc | 7.5bc | 5.4cd | 6.2ab | 23.3cd | 0.61 |
Y4-4 | 86.0ab | 88.8bc | 7.9bc | 5.7cd | 5.9bc | 27.7ab | 0.65 |
Y5-1 | 75.0de | 70.0ef | 5.4d | 5.0cd | 4.1d | 15.3e | 0.41 |
Y5-2 | 82.8bc | 75.3de | 6.0cd | 5.2cd | 5.0c | 26.6b | 0.46 |
Y5-3 | 85.2bc | 88.7bc | 6.4cd | 4.7de | 4.6cd | 18.8de | 0.49 |
Y5-4 | 84.0bc | 87.0bc | 7.8bc | 6.5bc | 5.5bc | 26.8b | 0.58 |
Y6-1 | 74.4de | 68.7ef | 5.4d | 5.9cd | 3.7de | 20.7d | 0.38 |
处理 Treatment | 发芽势 Germination potential (%) | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 苗高 Shoot height | 根长 Root length | 根数 Root number | 储藏物质 转运率 Storage transport rate(%) | 综合评价值D D value |
Y6-2 | 79.2cd | 80.0de | 6.6cd | 5.6cd | 5.0c | 26.3bc | 0.53 |
Y6-3 | 78.6bc | 84.7cd | 7.6bc | 5.6cd | 4.9cd | 26.6b | 0.55 |
Y6-4 | 75.0cd | 81.3cd | 5.7d | 6.3bc | 4.8cd | 25.9bc | 0.46 |
Y7-1 | 45.0ef | 66.0ef | 6.2cd | 5.9cd | 5.4bc | 22.4d | 0.45 |
Y7-2 | 61.2ef | 79.3de | 7.6bc | 6.7bc | 6.2ab | 27.5b | 0.57 |
Y7-3 | 70.8de | 80.0de | 6.4cd | 6.8bc | 5.8bc | 27.2b | 0.55 |
Y7-4 | 86.0ab | 89.3ab | 8.7ab | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 26.8bc | 0.70 |
Y8-1 | 59.4ef | 80.0de | 6.0cd | 6.0c | 5.5bc | 29.7ab | 0.52 |
Y8-2 | 68.4de | 86.0cd | 7.6bc | 6.4bc | 5.8bc | 28.3ab | 0.62 |
Y8-3 | 69.0de | 86.3bc | 7.1bc | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 26.1bc | 0.63 |
Y9-1 | 61.8ef | 87.3bc | 7.3bc | 6.6bc | 5.8bc | 26.5bc | 0.62 |
Y9-2 | 81.0bc | 88.9bc | 7.6bc | 6.6bc | 5.9c | 23.4cd | 0.68 |
Y9-3 | 81.0bc | 87.6bc | 7.8bc | 7.1ab | 6.1b | 27.9ab | 0.63 |
Y9-4 | 79.8cd | 84.9cd | 7.6bc | 6.8bc | 5.6bc | 26.9bc | 0.60 |
Y10-1 | 74.4de | 87.3bc | 5.4d | 7.3ab | 5.4bc | 20.1d | 0.58 |
Y10-2 | 78.6cd | 87.7bc | 6.7cd | 7.0bc | 5.8bc | 25.5bc | 0.53 |
Y10-3 | 81.6bc | 89.3ab | 7.7bc | 5.4d | 5.9bc | 26.3bc | 0.56 |
Y10-4 | 77.4cd | 86.3bc | 7.1c | 6.8bc | 5.5bc | 24.9bc | 0.54 |
Y11-1 | 57.6ef | 77.3de | 7.3bc | 6.6bc | 5.6bc | 23.1cd | 0.46 |
Y11-2 | 78.0cd | 89.3ab | 7.9bc | 5.8cd | 5.5bc | 27.3b | 0.56 |
Y11-3 | 79.8cd | 88.7bc | 8.0ab | 6.5bc | 5.5bc | 23.5cd | 0.59 |
Y11-4 | 85.6bc | 87.4bc | 8.4ab | 6.8bc | 5.7bc | 27.4b | 0.45 |
Y12-1 | 53.4ef | 62.1ef | 4.3de | 5.5cd | 5.6bc | 21.5d | 0.42 |
Y12-2 | 72.0de | 81.1cd | 7.5bc | 6.0c | 5.6bc | 23.8bc | 0.50 |
Y12-3 | 76.8de | 86.8bc | 8.3ab | 4.9de | 6.0c | 28.4ab | 0.53 |
Y12-4 | 82.2bc | 90.3ab | 8.6ab | 5.7cd | 5.4bc | 28.1ab | 0.46 |
Y13-1 | 55.8ef | 59.5ef | 5.8d | 6.6bc | 4.3cd | 21.6d | 0.43 |
Y13-2 | 77.4cd | 79.8de | 7.4bc | 6.4bc | 5.7bc | 29.6ab | 0.52 |
Y13-3 | 75.6de | 88.0bc | 8.2ab | 5.1de | 6.1b | 29.2ab | 0.54 |
Y13-4 | 78.0cd | 88.0bc | 7.3bc | 6.7bc | 5.5bc | 28.6ab | 0.45 |
Y14-1 | 76.0cd | 66.0ef | 6.3cd | 5.2de | 5.1c | 22.6c | 0.47 |
Y14-2 | 78.0cd | 88.0bc | 8.3ab | 5.3d | 5.7bc | 28.1ab | 0.53 |
Y14-3 | 81.6de | 89.3ab | 8.0ab | 6.2bc | 5.2c | 26.0b | 0.58 |
Y14-4 | 79.2bc | 87.3bc | 8.0ab | 6.6bc | 5.7bc | 28.5ab | 0.52 |
Y15-1 | 57.0ef | 75.3de | 5.7d | 6.6bc | 5.7bc | 20.4d | 0.52 |
Y15-2 | 79.2cd | 86.8bc | 8.1ab | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 27.6ab | 0.54 |
Y15-3 | 78.6cd | 88.7bc | 8.1ab | 5.8cd | 5.7bc | 29.4ab | 0.58 |
Y15-4 | 82.8bc | 85.5cd | 8.0ab | 6.7bc | 5.7bc | 27.2b | 0.49 |
Y16-1 | 64.2de | 72.8ef | 5.3d | 6.6bc | 5.4bc | 20.4d | 0.46 |
Y16-2 | 83.4bc | 88.1bc | 6.9cd | 6.2bc | 5.6bc | 27.5b | 0.56 |
Y16-3 | 80.4bc | 88.1bc | 7.8bc | 6.0c | 5.8bc | 29.1ab | 0.55 |
Y16-4 | 82.8bc | 88.8bc | 7.3bc | 6.7bc | 5.5bc | 25.2bc | 0.66 |
表4 小麦种子萌发指标的比较
Table 4 Comparison of seed germination indexes in wheat
处理 Treatment | 发芽势 Germination potential (%) | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 苗高 Shoot height | 根长 Root length | 根数 Root number | 储藏物质 转运率 Storage transport rate(%) | 综合评价值D D value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 82.7bcd | 89.0bc | 7.8bc | 6.4bc | 5.4bc | 25.1bc | 0.65 |
Y1-1 | 50.7g | 71.0ef | 5.3d | 5.4d | 4.8cd | 15.9e | 0.40 |
Y1-2 | 81.3bc | 89.0bc | 6.3cd | 6.3bc | 5.4bc | 20.6d | 0.57 |
Y1-3 | 84.0bc | 89.0bc | 8.7ab | 7.0bc | 6.0c | 27.3b | 0.71 |
Y1-4 | 91.0a | 95.0a | 9.2a | 7.9a | 6.4a | 30.2a | 0.93 |
Y2-1 | 12.7ef | 24.0g | 4.4de | 4.3de | 4.6cd | 12.8e | 0.14 |
Y2-2 | 82.7bc | 89.0bc | 6.5cd | 6.7bc | 5.4bc | 24.1bc | 0.62 |
Y2-3 | 84.0bc | 86.0cd | 8.8ab | 6.3b | 4.9cd | 31.8a | 0.63 |
Y2-4 | 89.0a | 92.0a | 8.9a | 7.6ab | 6.5a | 23.8d | 0.86 |
Y3-1 | 70.0de | 84.0cd | 7.1bc | 7.3ab | 6.3ab | 20.8d | 0.67 |
Y3-2 | 83.0bcd | 89.0bc | 10.6a | 6.8bc | 6.3ab | 25.8bc | 0.80 |
Y3-3 | 84.0bc | 87.0bc | 8.1ab | 7.0bc | 6.3ab | 33.6a | 0.73 |
Y3-4 | 90.0a | 93.0a | 9.1a | 7.8ab | 5.9bc | 27.7ab | 0.77 |
Y4-1 | 84.6bc | 88.2bc | 7.9bc | 6.7bc | 6.3ab | 22.8cd | 0.71 |
Y4-2 | 83.0bcd | 89.4ab | 7.3bc | 6.8bc | 5.8bc | 21.3d | 0.67 |
Y4-3 | 86.0ab | 88.2bc | 7.5bc | 5.4cd | 6.2ab | 23.3cd | 0.61 |
Y4-4 | 86.0ab | 88.8bc | 7.9bc | 5.7cd | 5.9bc | 27.7ab | 0.65 |
Y5-1 | 75.0de | 70.0ef | 5.4d | 5.0cd | 4.1d | 15.3e | 0.41 |
Y5-2 | 82.8bc | 75.3de | 6.0cd | 5.2cd | 5.0c | 26.6b | 0.46 |
Y5-3 | 85.2bc | 88.7bc | 6.4cd | 4.7de | 4.6cd | 18.8de | 0.49 |
Y5-4 | 84.0bc | 87.0bc | 7.8bc | 6.5bc | 5.5bc | 26.8b | 0.58 |
Y6-1 | 74.4de | 68.7ef | 5.4d | 5.9cd | 3.7de | 20.7d | 0.38 |
处理 Treatment | 发芽势 Germination potential (%) | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 苗高 Shoot height | 根长 Root length | 根数 Root number | 储藏物质 转运率 Storage transport rate(%) | 综合评价值D D value |
Y6-2 | 79.2cd | 80.0de | 6.6cd | 5.6cd | 5.0c | 26.3bc | 0.53 |
Y6-3 | 78.6bc | 84.7cd | 7.6bc | 5.6cd | 4.9cd | 26.6b | 0.55 |
Y6-4 | 75.0cd | 81.3cd | 5.7d | 6.3bc | 4.8cd | 25.9bc | 0.46 |
Y7-1 | 45.0ef | 66.0ef | 6.2cd | 5.9cd | 5.4bc | 22.4d | 0.45 |
Y7-2 | 61.2ef | 79.3de | 7.6bc | 6.7bc | 6.2ab | 27.5b | 0.57 |
Y7-3 | 70.8de | 80.0de | 6.4cd | 6.8bc | 5.8bc | 27.2b | 0.55 |
Y7-4 | 86.0ab | 89.3ab | 8.7ab | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 26.8bc | 0.70 |
Y8-1 | 59.4ef | 80.0de | 6.0cd | 6.0c | 5.5bc | 29.7ab | 0.52 |
Y8-2 | 68.4de | 86.0cd | 7.6bc | 6.4bc | 5.8bc | 28.3ab | 0.62 |
Y8-3 | 69.0de | 86.3bc | 7.1bc | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 26.1bc | 0.63 |
Y9-1 | 61.8ef | 87.3bc | 7.3bc | 6.6bc | 5.8bc | 26.5bc | 0.62 |
Y9-2 | 81.0bc | 88.9bc | 7.6bc | 6.6bc | 5.9c | 23.4cd | 0.68 |
Y9-3 | 81.0bc | 87.6bc | 7.8bc | 7.1ab | 6.1b | 27.9ab | 0.63 |
Y9-4 | 79.8cd | 84.9cd | 7.6bc | 6.8bc | 5.6bc | 26.9bc | 0.60 |
Y10-1 | 74.4de | 87.3bc | 5.4d | 7.3ab | 5.4bc | 20.1d | 0.58 |
Y10-2 | 78.6cd | 87.7bc | 6.7cd | 7.0bc | 5.8bc | 25.5bc | 0.53 |
Y10-3 | 81.6bc | 89.3ab | 7.7bc | 5.4d | 5.9bc | 26.3bc | 0.56 |
Y10-4 | 77.4cd | 86.3bc | 7.1c | 6.8bc | 5.5bc | 24.9bc | 0.54 |
Y11-1 | 57.6ef | 77.3de | 7.3bc | 6.6bc | 5.6bc | 23.1cd | 0.46 |
Y11-2 | 78.0cd | 89.3ab | 7.9bc | 5.8cd | 5.5bc | 27.3b | 0.56 |
Y11-3 | 79.8cd | 88.7bc | 8.0ab | 6.5bc | 5.5bc | 23.5cd | 0.59 |
Y11-4 | 85.6bc | 87.4bc | 8.4ab | 6.8bc | 5.7bc | 27.4b | 0.45 |
Y12-1 | 53.4ef | 62.1ef | 4.3de | 5.5cd | 5.6bc | 21.5d | 0.42 |
Y12-2 | 72.0de | 81.1cd | 7.5bc | 6.0c | 5.6bc | 23.8bc | 0.50 |
Y12-3 | 76.8de | 86.8bc | 8.3ab | 4.9de | 6.0c | 28.4ab | 0.53 |
Y12-4 | 82.2bc | 90.3ab | 8.6ab | 5.7cd | 5.4bc | 28.1ab | 0.46 |
Y13-1 | 55.8ef | 59.5ef | 5.8d | 6.6bc | 4.3cd | 21.6d | 0.43 |
Y13-2 | 77.4cd | 79.8de | 7.4bc | 6.4bc | 5.7bc | 29.6ab | 0.52 |
Y13-3 | 75.6de | 88.0bc | 8.2ab | 5.1de | 6.1b | 29.2ab | 0.54 |
Y13-4 | 78.0cd | 88.0bc | 7.3bc | 6.7bc | 5.5bc | 28.6ab | 0.45 |
Y14-1 | 76.0cd | 66.0ef | 6.3cd | 5.2de | 5.1c | 22.6c | 0.47 |
Y14-2 | 78.0cd | 88.0bc | 8.3ab | 5.3d | 5.7bc | 28.1ab | 0.53 |
Y14-3 | 81.6de | 89.3ab | 8.0ab | 6.2bc | 5.2c | 26.0b | 0.58 |
Y14-4 | 79.2bc | 87.3bc | 8.0ab | 6.6bc | 5.7bc | 28.5ab | 0.52 |
Y15-1 | 57.0ef | 75.3de | 5.7d | 6.6bc | 5.7bc | 20.4d | 0.52 |
Y15-2 | 79.2cd | 86.8bc | 8.1ab | 6.7bc | 6.0b | 27.6ab | 0.54 |
Y15-3 | 78.6cd | 88.7bc | 8.1ab | 5.8cd | 5.7bc | 29.4ab | 0.58 |
Y15-4 | 82.8bc | 85.5cd | 8.0ab | 6.7bc | 5.7bc | 27.2b | 0.49 |
Y16-1 | 64.2de | 72.8ef | 5.3d | 6.6bc | 5.4bc | 20.4d | 0.46 |
Y16-2 | 83.4bc | 88.1bc | 6.9cd | 6.2bc | 5.6bc | 27.5b | 0.56 |
Y16-3 | 80.4bc | 88.1bc | 7.8bc | 6.0c | 5.8bc | 29.1ab | 0.55 |
Y16-4 | 82.8bc | 88.8bc | 7.3bc | 6.7bc | 5.5bc | 25.2bc | 0.66 |
图1 小麦幼苗形态特征指标的比较 注:图中短线表示标准差,不同小写字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平上差异显著。CK:蒸馏水作为对照;Y1-3:0.1%苦豆子甲醇提取物;Y1-4:0.01%苦豆子甲醇提取物;Y2-4:0.01%孜然甲醇提取物;Y3-2:1%苦草甲醇提取物;Y3-3:0.1%苦草甲醇提取物;Y3-4:0.01%苦草甲醇提取物;Y4-1:10%曼陀罗甲醇提取物;Y7-4:0.01%大戟甲醇提取物,下同
Fig.1 Comparison of morphological characteristics of wheat seedlings Note: The bar is mean standard deviation.Lowercase letters indicate the significant difference among treatments at P < 0.05.CK: water as a control group; Y1-3: 0.1% methanol extraction from Sophra alopecuroides; Y1-4: 0.01% methanol extraction from Sophra alopecuroides; Y2-4: 0.01% methanol extraction from Cuminum cyminum; Y3-2: 1% methanol extraction from Vallisneria natans; Y3-3: 0.1% methanol extraction from Vallisneria natans; Y3-4: 0.01% methanol extraction from Vallisneria natans; Y4-1: 0.01% methanol extraction from Datura mete; Y7-4: 0.1% methanol extraction from Euphorbia pekinensis,the same as below
处理 Treatment | 净光合速率Pn Net photosyn thesis rate Pn (μmol/(m2·S)) | 蒸腾速率Tr Transpiration rate Tr (mmol/(m2·S)) | 气孔导度Gs Stomatal conductance Gs (mol/(m2·S)) | 胞间CO2浓度Ci Intercellular CO2 concentration Ci (μmol/mol) | 气孔限制值 Stomatal limiation | SPAD值 SPAD value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 6.51±0.71b | 2.12±0.28a | 0.11±0.01ab | 300.01±15.23ab | 0.41a | 38.65±2.48b |
Y1-3 | 5.50±0.73c | 2.30±0.28a | 0.09±0.02b | 285.03±15.48c | 0.42a | 40.25±2.31ab |
Y1-4 | 7.82±0.68a | 2.23±0.31a | 0.11±0.01ab | 312.24±14.69a | 0.41a | 41.08±2.34a |
Y2-4 | 6.92±0.74a | 2.30±0.29a | 0.13±0.03ab | 294.62±15.46b | 0.37a | 40.57±2.48ab |
Y3-2 | 6.27±0.72b | 2.50±0.34a | 0.15±0.01a | 289.45±16.35bc | 0.38a | 38.70±3.64ab |
Y3-3 | 6.22±0.81b | 2.34±0.31a | 0.08±0.03b | 286.53±15.21bc | 0.39a | 35.70±2.74c |
Y3-4 | 6.93±0.74a | 2.40±0.32a | 0.12±0.04a | 298.63±14.86b | 0.42a | 40.00±2.54ab |
Y4-1 | 6.41±0.73b | 2.65±0.33a | 0.11±0.01ab | 295.63±15.36b | 0.43a | 35.86±3.80b |
Y7-4 | 6.31±0.73b | 2.70±0.31a | 0.13±0.02a | 307.56±16.35a | 0.41a | 39.20±3.85ab |
表5 小麦幼苗叶片光合特性的比较
Table 5 Comparison of leaf photosynthetic characteristics of seedlings in wheat
处理 Treatment | 净光合速率Pn Net photosyn thesis rate Pn (μmol/(m2·S)) | 蒸腾速率Tr Transpiration rate Tr (mmol/(m2·S)) | 气孔导度Gs Stomatal conductance Gs (mol/(m2·S)) | 胞间CO2浓度Ci Intercellular CO2 concentration Ci (μmol/mol) | 气孔限制值 Stomatal limiation | SPAD值 SPAD value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 6.51±0.71b | 2.12±0.28a | 0.11±0.01ab | 300.01±15.23ab | 0.41a | 38.65±2.48b |
Y1-3 | 5.50±0.73c | 2.30±0.28a | 0.09±0.02b | 285.03±15.48c | 0.42a | 40.25±2.31ab |
Y1-4 | 7.82±0.68a | 2.23±0.31a | 0.11±0.01ab | 312.24±14.69a | 0.41a | 41.08±2.34a |
Y2-4 | 6.92±0.74a | 2.30±0.29a | 0.13±0.03ab | 294.62±15.46b | 0.37a | 40.57±2.48ab |
Y3-2 | 6.27±0.72b | 2.50±0.34a | 0.15±0.01a | 289.45±16.35bc | 0.38a | 38.70±3.64ab |
Y3-3 | 6.22±0.81b | 2.34±0.31a | 0.08±0.03b | 286.53±15.21bc | 0.39a | 35.70±2.74c |
Y3-4 | 6.93±0.74a | 2.40±0.32a | 0.12±0.04a | 298.63±14.86b | 0.42a | 40.00±2.54ab |
Y4-1 | 6.41±0.73b | 2.65±0.33a | 0.11±0.01ab | 295.63±15.36b | 0.43a | 35.86±3.80b |
Y7-4 | 6.31±0.73b | 2.70±0.31a | 0.13±0.02a | 307.56±16.35a | 0.41a | 39.20±3.85ab |
处理 Treat- ment | 因子Factor | F1 | F2 | F | 排序 Order | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
因子1 Factor 1 | 因子2 Factor 2 | |||||
CK | -0.07 | -0.47 | -0.15 | -0.57 | -0.25 | 5 |
Y1-3 | 0.39 | -1.61 | 0.85 | -1.93 | 0.20 | 4 |
Y1-4 | 1.25 | 2.05 | 2.72 | 2.47 | 2.66 | 1 |
Y2-4 | 1.03 | 0.01 | 2.25 | 0.02 | 1.74 | 3 |
Y3-2 | -1.22 | 0.50 | -2.66 | 0.60 | -1.90 | 8 |
Y3-3 | -1.28 | -0.06 | -2.80 | -0.07 | -2.17 | 9 |
Y3-4 | 1.12 | 0.49 | 2.45 | 0.59 | 2.02 | 2 |
Y4-1 | -0.39 | -0.64 | -0.85 | -0.77 | -0.83 | 6 |
Y7-4 | -0.83 | -0.27 | -1.82 | -0.32 | -1.47 | 7 |
表6 主成分比较
Table 6 Comparison of principal component
处理 Treat- ment | 因子Factor | F1 | F2 | F | 排序 Order | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
因子1 Factor 1 | 因子2 Factor 2 | |||||
CK | -0.07 | -0.47 | -0.15 | -0.57 | -0.25 | 5 |
Y1-3 | 0.39 | -1.61 | 0.85 | -1.93 | 0.20 | 4 |
Y1-4 | 1.25 | 2.05 | 2.72 | 2.47 | 2.66 | 1 |
Y2-4 | 1.03 | 0.01 | 2.25 | 0.02 | 1.74 | 3 |
Y3-2 | -1.22 | 0.50 | -2.66 | 0.60 | -1.90 | 8 |
Y3-3 | -1.28 | -0.06 | -2.80 | -0.07 | -2.17 | 9 |
Y3-4 | 1.12 | 0.49 | 2.45 | 0.59 | 2.02 | 2 |
Y4-1 | -0.39 | -0.64 | -0.85 | -0.77 | -0.83 | 6 |
Y7-4 | -0.83 | -0.27 | -1.82 | -0.32 | -1.47 | 7 |
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