扁桃-冬小麦间作模式下树体结构、光环境和小麦产量间的相关性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.12.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 2238-2246.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.12.009

• 作物遗传育种与栽培·种质资源·分子生物学 • 上一篇下一篇

扁桃-冬小麦间作模式下树体结构、光环境和小麦产量间的相关性

张雯^1,2, 刘翠荣³, 周玉梅⁴, 周皓⁵, 谢辉¹

1.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子 832003;
3. 喀什地区莎车县园艺站,新疆莎车 844700;
4.新疆农业大学科学技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;
5.喀什地区农业技术推广中心,新疆喀什 844000

收稿日期:2019-10-10 出版日期:2019-12-20 发布日期:2019-12-27
作者简介:张雯(1984-),女,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为果园生态与果实品质调控,(E-mail)zwxilin@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金地区基金(31560138);新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(qn2016yx0234)

Correlation Analysis between Tree Structure, Light Environment and Wheat Yield of Almond - Winter Wheat Intercropping Mode

ZHANG Wen^1,2, LIU Cui-rong³, ZHOU Yu-mei⁴, ZHOU Hao⁵, XIE Hui¹

1.Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology (Xinjiang),Ministry of Agriculture,P. R. China/ Research Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2.College of Agronopmy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China;
3.Shache County Horticulture Station in Kashgar Area, Shache Xinjiang 844700, China;
4.College of Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
5.Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar Xinjiang 844000, China

Received:2019-10-10 Online:2019-12-20 Published:2019-12-27
Correspondence author: ZHANG Wen(1984-),female, associate research fellow, master, research direction: orchard ecology and fruit quality regulation, (E-mail) zwxilin@126.com,Contact number: 18799194667

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究果粮间作模式下,扁桃树体结构指标与间作区域光环境指标、光环境指标与间作冬小麦产量构成指标的相关关系,为新疆南疆果粮间作模式下冬小麦产量的预估、高光效树形的选择和优化提供理论依据。【方法】以扁桃-冬小麦(新冬20号)间作模式为研究对象,测定不同树形树体结构指标、间作区域光环境指标和小麦产量构成指标;分析产量指标与光环境指标的相关性、树体结构指标与间作区域光环境指标的相关性、树体结构指标与扁桃负载量的相关性。【结果】新疆南疆地区扁桃-冬小麦间作模式下,小麦单位面积有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别与拔节期、扬花期和灌浆期PAR强度呈极显著正相关关系;小麦千粒重和单穗粒重与灌浆期日平均光照强度、及400~1 400 μmol/(m²·s)PAR持续时长呈极显著正相关关系;树体负载量与树冠体积、树冠投影面积和平均冠幅等指标呈极显著正相关关系;冠高与树体西侧冠下株间区光照指标显著相关,冠幅对树体西侧冠下株间区和远冠区2个区域光照指标显著相关。【结论】灌浆期400~1 400 μmol/(m²·s) PAR的持续时长和冠幅可以作为新疆南疆地区果粮间作模式下,小麦产量预估、评级及高光效树形筛选的主要评价指标。

关键词: 小麦; 间作; 树体结构; 光环境; 籽粒产量; 相关性

Abstract: 【Objective】 In this article, the correlation between almond tree canopy structure index and intercropping regional light environment index and between the light environment index and intercropping winter wheat yield composition index were studied in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the prediction of winter wheat yield, selection and optimization of tree shape with high light efficiency under the fruit-grain intercropping mode in southern Xinjiang. 【Method】Using almond-winter wheat (Xindong 20)intercropping system as research materials to investigated the tree structure index of different tree forms and the PAR daily variation trend in different intercropping area. And the correlation between yield index of winter wheat grain and environment light index, the correlation between environment light index and tree structure index, the correlation between tree structure index and almond yield capacity were analyzed.【Result】 In the mode of almond winter wheat intercropping system in southern Xinjiang, the index of gain yield of efficient panicle of unit-acreage, grain number per spike and 1,000-grain weight were positively correlated with PAR strength at jointing, flowering and grouting stages respectively; the index of 1,000-grain weight and grain weight per spike were positively correlated with average daily light intensity and duration of 400-1 400 μmol/(m²·s) of PAR at grouting stage; there was a significant positive correlation between tree load and canopy volume, canopy projected area and average canopy width; the crown height was significantly correlated with the light index in the sub-canopy area on the west side of the tree, and the crown width was significantly correlated with the light index in the sub-canopy area and the far canopy area on the west side of the tree. 【Conclusion】The indexes of duration time of 400-1 400 μmol/(m²·s) of PAR during the grouting stage and crown width can be used as the main evaluation indexes for wheat yield estimation, and high light efficiency tree selection under the intercropping mode in southern Xinjiang.

Key words: tree structure; intercropping; wheat; light environment; grain yield; correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S605.1

张雯, 刘翠荣, 周玉梅, 周皓, 谢辉. 扁桃-冬小麦间作模式下树体结构、光环境和小麦产量间的相关性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(12): 2238-2246.

ZHANG Wen, LIU Cui-rong, ZHOU Yu-mei, ZHOU Hao, XIE Hui. Correlation Analysis between Tree Structure, Light Environment and Wheat Yield of Almond - Winter Wheat Intercropping Mode[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(12): 2238-2246.

参考文献

[1]李婷. 南疆粮食安全及供需状况分析[J]. 新疆社科论坛, 2014,(4):51-56.
LI Ting. (2014). Analysis of grain security and supply and demand in southern Xinjiang [J]. Xinjiang Social Science Forum, 2014,(4):51-56.
[2]李疆.中国果树科学与实践—阿月浑子扁桃[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,2015.
LI Jiang. Fruit tree science and practice in China - pistachio pistachio almond [M]. Xi 'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press,2015.
[3]张雯, 谢辉, 张平,等. 扁桃||冬小麦间作模式下树冠结构对间作区域光环境的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24(6):753-761.
ZHANG Wen, XIE Hui, ZHANG Ping, et al. Effect of crown structure on light environment of intercropping area under winter wheat intercropping model [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecological Agriculture, 2016, 24(6):753-761.
[4]乔旭,赵奇,雷钧杰,等. 核桃-小麦间作对小麦生长发育及产量形成的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2012,32(4):734-738.
QIAO Xu, ZHAO Qi, LEI Jun-jie, et al. Effects of walnut-wheat intercropping on wheat growth and yield formation [J].Journal of Wheat Crops, 2012,32(4):734-738.
[5] Ehdaie, B. , Alloush, G. A. , & Waines, J. G. . Genotypic variation in linear rate of grain growth and contribution of stem reserves to grain yield in wheat. Field Crops Research, 2008,106(1), 34-43.
[6] Gebbing T, H Schnyder. Preanthesis reserve utilization for protein and carbohydrate synthesis in grains of wheat. Plant Physical, 1999, 121: 871-878.
[7] Qiao X, Sai L, Chen X, Xue L, Lei J. Impact of fruit-tree shade intensity on the growth, yield, and quality of intercropped wheat. PLoS ONE, 2019,14(4):e0203238.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0203238.
[8] Zhang, W. , Wang, B. J. , Gan, Y. W. , Duan, Z. P. , Hao, X. D. , & Xu, W. L. , et al. Different tree age affects light competition and yield in wheat grown as a companion crop in jujube-wheat agroforestry. Agroforestry Systems. 2017.
[9] 徐呈祥,徐锡增. 枣粮间作的机制优化模式及管理[J]. 江苏林业科技,2005,32(1):42-45.
XU Cheng-xiang,XU Xi-zeng. Mechanism optimization and management of jujube - grain intercropping [J]. Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology, 2005,32(1):42-45.
[10] 李连国,崔学民,李小燕,等.果粮间作生态系统光能分布规律的研究[J].内蒙古农牧学报,1998,19(3):49-52.
LI Lian-guo, CUI Xue-min, LI Xiao-yan, et al. Study on the distribution of light energy in fruit-grain intercropping ecosystem [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 1998,19(3):49-52.
[11] 蒋文伟,牛生明,侯正年. 平原农区果农间作种植模式研究[J]. 新疆农业科学,2000,(6): 243-247.
JIANG Wen-wei, NIU Sheng-ming, HOU Zheng-nian. Study on intercropping mode of fruit in plain farming area [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2000,(6): 243-247.
[12] Barritt B H, Rom C R, Konishi B J, et al. Light level influences spur quality and canopy development and light interception influence fruit production in apple. Hortscience, 1991, 26(8):993-999.
[13] Spiertz J H. The influence of temperature and light intensity on grain growth in relation to the carbohydrate and nitrogen economy of the wheat plant . Neth J Agric Sci, 1997, (24):182-197.
[14] Aguirre, A. , Rubiolo, O. J. , Ribotta, P. D. , LUJáN, J. S., PéREZ, G. T., & LEóN, A. E. Effects of incident radiation and nitrogen availability on the quality parameters of triticale grains in argentina.Experimental Agriculture,2006, 42(3), 311-322.
[15] Estrada-Campuzano, G. , Miralles, D. J. , & Slafer, G. A. . Yield determination in triticale as affected by radiation in different development phases.European Journal of Agronomy,2008, 28(4), 597-605.
[16]徐彩龙. 花后弱光对小麦产量形成的影响及其生理基础[D]. 山东农业大学, 2013.
XU Cai-long. Effects of low Light intensity after anthesis on yield formation and physiological basis of Wheat [D]. Master Dissertation. Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an. 2013.
[17]刘希伟, 张敏, 姚凤娟, 等. 花后不同强度遮光对糯小麦和非糯小麦干物质积累和产量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2016, 35(4):83-89.
LIU Xi-wei, ZHANG Min, YAO Feng-juan, et al. Effect of different intensity shading after anthesis on dry matter accumulation and yield of waxy wheat and non-waxy wheat [J]. Journal of Wheat Crops, 2016, 35(4):83-89.
[18]牟会荣, 姜东, 戴廷波,等. 遮光对小麦籽粒淀粉品质和花前贮存非结构碳水化合物转运的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(4):805-810.
MOU Hui-rong, JIANG Dong, DAI Ting-bo, et al. Effects of shading on starch quality and transport of unstructured carbohydrates in pre-anthesis storage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) [J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009, 20(4):805-810.
[19] Abbate, P. E., Andrade, F. H., Culot, J. P., & Bindraban, P. S. Grain yield in wheat: effects of radiation during spike growth period. Field Crops Research,1997,54: 245-257.
[20] Demotes-Mainard, S., & Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy. . Effects of nitrogen and radiation on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in the spike of winter wheat. Field Crops Research, 2004,87(2-3):221-233.
[21] 李芳东,王保平,傅大立.桐麦间作系统内光量分布及其对小麦产量的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,(3):104-110.
LI Fang-dong, WANG Bao-ping, FU Da-li. Light distribution and its effect on wheat yield in Vernicia fordii – wheat intercropping system[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 1998,(3):104-110.
[22] Borrell, A. K. , Incoll, L. D. , Simpson, R. J. , & Dalling, M. J. Partitioning of dry matter and the deposition and use of stem reserves in a semi-dwarf wheat crop. Annals of Botany, 1989,63(5): 527-539.
[23]李世清,邵明安,李紫燕,等.小麦籽粒灌浆特征及影响因素的研究进展[J].西北植物学报, 2003,23(11):2031-2039.
LI Shi-qing, SHAO Ming-an, LI Zi-yan, et al. Research progress on wheat grain filling characteristics and influencing factors [J]. Actabotanica Boreali- Occidentalia Sinica, 23(11):2003,23(11):2031-2039.
[24] 杨俊华,唐李军,陈以相,等.弱光对小麦产量性状及品质特性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2019,32(2):291-295.
YANG Jun-hua, TANG Li-jun, CHEN Yi-xiang, et al. Effects of weak Light on yield and quality characteristics of Wheat [J]. Journal of Southwest Agriculture, 2019,32(2):291-295.
[25] Evans, L. T. Crop evolution, adaptation and yield. Photosynthetica, 1998,34(1): 56-56.
[26] 张小全,徐德应,赵茂盛. 林冠结构、辐射传输与冠层光合作用研究综述[J].林业科学研究,1999,12 (4):411-421.
ZHANG Xiao-quan, XU De-ying, ZHAO Mao-sheng, et al. Review on Forest Canopy Structure, Radiation Transfer and Canopy Photosynthesis [J]. Forest Research, 1999,12 (4):411-421.
[27] 龚鹏,杨波,辛玉宝,等.扁桃不同树形的光和特性及产量比较研究[J].新疆农业科学,2008,45(3):479-483.
GONG Peng, YANG Bo, XIN Yu-bao, et al. Comparative Research on Photosynthetic, Characteristics and Yield of Different Tree Figures of Almond [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2008,45(3):479-483.
[28] 郭素娟, 熊欢, 李广会,等. 树体结构对板栗冠层光辐射与光合特征及产量的影响[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2014,(1):14-18.
GUO Su-juan, XIONG Huan, LI Guang-hui, et al. Effect of Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.) Tree Structure on Canopy Light Radiation, Photosynthesis [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2014,(1):14-18.
[29] 王刚, 袁德义, 邢刚, 等. 锥栗不同树形对冠层光照及产量品质的影响[J]. 福建农林大学学报:(自然科学版), 2018,(4):420-427.
WANG Gang,YUAN De-yi,XING Gang, et al. Effect of different tree shape on canopy light and yield and quality of Castanea henryi [J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Ed.), 2018,(4):420-427.
[30] Zamora, D. S. , Jose, S. , Nair, P. K. R. , & Ramsey, C. L. Interspecific competition in a pecan–cotton alleycropping system in the southern united states: production physiology. Canadian Journal of Botany, 2006,84(11): 953-956.
[31] 徐立军, 傅大平, 郑连阁,等. 修枝对杨粮间作系统中光照及作物产量和生物量的影响[J]. 河北林果研究, 2002, 17(1):1-6.
XU Li-jun, FU Da-ping, ZHENG Lian-ge, et al.Effect of pruning on light density, yield and biomass of crops in poplar-crop intercropping system [J]. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 2002, 17(1):1-6.
[32]张雯, 徐叶挺, 杨波,等. 间作模式下四种扁桃树形结构间差异及对小麦生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2012, 49(3):430-439.
ZHANG Wen, XU Ye-ting, YANG Bo, et al. The Difference among the Four Almond Tree Shapes and Its Influence on Wheat in the Intercropping Pattern [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 49(3):430-439.
[33]张雯, 刘翠荣, 徐叶挺,等. 成龄扁桃树形改造对不同间作区域小麦生长及产量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2013, 33(5):1019-1024.
ZHANG Wen, LIU Cui-rong, XU Ye-ting, et al. Effect of Modifying Almond Tree Form on Growth and Grain Yield of Wheat in Mature Almond Tree-Wheat Intercropping Systems [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2013, 33(5):1019-1024.
[34] Peng, X., Zhang, Y., Jing, C., Jiang, Z., & Zhang, S. Photosynthesis, growth and yield of soybean and maize in a tree-based agroforestry intercropping system on the loess plateau.Agroforestry Systems,2009, 76(3): 569-577.

扁桃-冬小麦间作模式下树体结构、光环境和小麦产量间的相关性

Correlation Analysis between Tree Structure, Light Environment and Wheat Yield of Almond - Winter Wheat Intercropping Mode

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	王朋, 郑凯, 赵杰银, 高文举, 龙遗磊, 陈全家, 曲延英. 陆地棉种质资源材料的耐热性评价及指标筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2081-2090.
[2]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 孔德鹏, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 生物质炭施用量对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2146-2151.
[3]	王立红, 张宏芝, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 王春生, 夏建强, 樊哲儒. 不同产量水平冬小麦产量差异形成的干物质生产、转运及氮肥利用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2152-2162.
[4]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[5]	杨红梅, 张跃强, 史应武, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 林青, 王宁, 楚敏, 曾军. 不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2182-2188.
[6]	秦鹏亮, 周霄, 王爽, 李佳琪, 刘颖, 张娜, 杨文香. 小麦品种衡观35抗茎基腐病EMS突变及其鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2231-2238.
[7]	董艳雪, 贾永红, 张金汕, 李丹丹, 王凯, 罗四维, 王润琪, 石书兵. 不同生态区环境下春小麦干物质积累及产量形成分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1848-1857.
[8]	冯梅, 刘超勤, 陈杰, 刘文龙, 杨志刚, 田杰英, 黄鑫. 小麦不同杂交F₁代性状变异及杂种优势分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1858-1865.
[9]	李怀胜, 艾洪玉, 孟玲, 王贺亚, 张磊, 艾海峰. 减氮下运筹养分吸收高峰期追施比例对春小麦的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1866-1872.
[10]	张永强, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 徐其江, 赛力汗·赛, 雷钧杰. 矮壮素滴施时期对冬小麦茎秆抗倒伏能力的调控分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1873-1878.
[11]	徐静, 石书兵, 秦小钢, 朱军. 核桃林间作西红花对其土壤微生物数量的动态变化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 2022-2027.
[12]	杨金钰, 王西和, 孙九胜. 水培对全株大麦和小麦苗氨基酸组成的影响及对比分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1589-1595.
[13]	田文强, 董艳雪, 史永清, 雷钧杰, 孙刚刚, 王泓懿, 聂凌帆, 郭飞, 艾洪玉, 石书兵, 张金汕. 播期对超晚冬麦茎秆性状及群体动态的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1301-1307.
[14]	董德誉, 程宇坤, 王睿, 雷钧杰, 王伟, 陈传信, 张永强, 耿洪伟. 基于无人机多光谱影像反演不同生育期小麦光合参数分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1308-1318.
[15]	张永强, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰, 刘昌文. 氮肥增效剂与氮肥减量配施对冬小麦叶片生理及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1319-1325.