滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.010

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 2036-2045.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.010

滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响

黄振江, 陈慧, 王冀川, 潘雪娇, 郑雷

塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2017-08-17 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-12-06
通信作者: 王冀川(1968-),男,河北廊坊人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为作物高效栽培生理生态,(E-mail)wjcwzy@126.com
作者简介:黄振江(1992-),男,新疆博乐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物水分生理生态,(E-mail)865185846 @qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“新疆滴灌小麦水分高效利用原理与调控机理研究”(31260303);少数民族聚居团场科技特派员科技帮扶三年行动专项“南疆粮食高产高效生产关键技术集成与示范”(2013AA002);塔里木大学校长基金项目“滴灌小麦群体质量调控效应与高产途径研究”(TDZKGG201702)

Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population

HUANG Zhen-jiang, CHEN Hui, WANG Ji-chuan, PAN Xue-jiao, ZHENG Lei

College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2017-08-17 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-12-06
Correspondence author: WANG Ji-chuan(1968- ), male, native place: Langfang, Hebei. Professor, master supervisor, research field: Physiology and ecology of crop efficient cultivation. (E-mail)wjcwzy@126.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China "Study on the principle of efficient use of water and regulation mechanism of wheat under drip irrigation in Xinjiang" (31260303) ; Three-Year Project of Sci-Tech Special Commissioner for Minority Inhabited Areas " Integration and demonstration of key technologies for high yield and high efficiency grain production in southern Xinjiang" (2013AA002); Tarim University President Fund Project "Study on the population quality control effect and high-yield way of drip irrigation wheat" (TDZKGG201702)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】在滴灌小区试验条件下,研究南疆绿洲区冬小麦在不同滴水频率下麦田土壤水分分布、田间小气候特征,为制定当地冬小麦滴灌制度提供依据。【方法】在统一冬灌900 m³/hm²的基础上,开春后滴灌4 050 m³/hm²,并设置3个滴水频率:低频P₁为4次,中频P₂为7次,高频P₃为10次。【结果】土壤水分分布受滴水频率的影响较大,高频、中频和低频灌溉处理生育期内0~50 cm 土层平均含水率分别为21.97%、20.04%和19.76%,且高频处理0~30 cm土层含水率更趋于平稳;高频滴灌较中频滴灌和低频灌溉生育期内平均土温降低0.40和0.83℃,冠层内平均温度降低0.37和1.15℃,冠层叶温降低0.42和1.30℃,冠层内相对湿度增加1.11和2.28个百分点,冠层光截获率增加0.025 6和0.055 1;高频滴灌较中、低频滴灌产量和灌溉水利用效率增加1.36%和20.47%。【结论】在南疆绿洲区冬小麦田中,高频滴灌能改善田间小气候,促进产量和水分利用效率的提高,实际应用中以春季7~10次的“少量多次”滴灌模式为宜。

关键词: 冬小麦; 滴灌频率; 土壤水分; 田间小气候; 水分利用效率

Abstract: 【Objective】 Under the drip irrigation plot test condition, the soil water distribution and field microclimate characteristics of winter wheat under different drip frequencies in the oasis area of Southern Xinjiang were studied in the hope of providing basis for making winter wheat drip irrigation system.【Method】Based on the unified winter irrigation of 900 m³/hm², after the spring, the drip irrigation amount was 4,050 m³/hm² using three irrigation frequencies: low frequency P₁ was 4, medium frequency P₂ was 7, high frequency P₃ was 10.【Result】Soil water distribution was greatly affected by drip frequency. The average soil moisture contents of 0-50 cm soil layer in high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency irrigation treatments were 21.97%, 20.04% and 19.76%, respectively, and the soil moisture contents of 0-30 cm layer were more stable when treated with high frequency; In the growth period, the average soil temperature of high frequency irrigation treatment was 0.40℃ and 0.83℃ lower than those of medium and low frequency irrigation treatments the average temperature in the canopy decreased by 0.37℃ and 1.15℃, canopy leaf temperature decreased by 0.42 ℃ and 1.30℃, relative humidity in the canopy increased by 1.11 and 2.28 percentage points, canopy light interception rate increased by 0.025,6 and 0.055,1. Compared with medium frequency and low frequency irrigation treatments, the yield and irrigation water use efficiency of high frequency irrigation treatment increased by 1.36% and 20.47%. 【Conclusion】High frequency drip irrigation in winter wheat field can improve field microclimate and increase yield and water use efficiency in the oasis area of Southern Xinjiang. In practice, 7-10 times drip irrigation model is appropriate after spring.

Key words: winter wheat; drip irrigation frequency; soil moisture; field microclimate; water use efficiency

中图分类号:

黄振江, 陈慧, 王冀川, 潘雪娇, 郑雷. 滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(11): 2036-2045.

HUANG Zhen-jiang, CHEN Hui, WANG Ji-chuan, PAN Xue-jiao, ZHENG Lei. Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(11): 2036-2045.

参考文献 23

[1]	程莲.滴灌与漫灌对小麦生长的影响及经济效益比较[J].大麦与谷类科学,2016, 33(3):61-63.CHENG Lian. (2016).Effects of drip irrigation and flood irrigation on wheat growth and their economic benefits [J]. Barley and Cereal Sciences, 33(3):61-63. (in Chinese)
[2]	冉辉.灌溉频率与施氮量对滴灌春小麦群体结构和产量的影响[D].石河子:石河子大学硕士学位论文,2015.RAN Hui. (2015). Effect of water frequency and nitrogen interaction on population structure and yield formation of dripping spring wheat[D]. Master Thesis. Shihezi University, Shihezi. (in Chinese)
[3]	张永强,雷钧杰,薛丽华,等.新疆滴灌冬小麦冠层结构特征及其农田小气候对施氮量的响应[C]//.2016年全国青年作物栽培与生理学术研讨会论文集. 泰安:中国作物学会,2016:26.ZHANG Yong-qiang, LEI Jun-jie,XUE Li-hua, et al. (2016). 2016 Canopy structure characteristics of winter wheat under drip irrigation in Xinjiang and responses of field microclimate to nitrogen application[C]//. Proceedings of the 2016 National Symposium on Crop Cultivation and Physiology in Young People. Taian: Crop Science Society of China: 26. (in Chinese)
[4]	张娜,张永强,徐文修,等.滴灌量对冬小麦田间小气候及产量的影响研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2016, 24 (1):64-73.ZHANG Na, ZHANG Yong-qiang, XU Wen-xiu, et al. (2016). Effect of different drip irrigation amounts on microclimate and yield of winter wheat [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 24(1):64-73. (in Chinese)
[5]	张琼,李光永,柴付军.棉花膜下滴灌条件下灌水频率对土壤水盐分布和棉花生长的影响[J].水利学报,2004,(9):123-126.ZHANG Qiong, LI Guang-yong, CAI Fu-jun. (2004). Effect of mulched drip irrigation frequency on soil salt regime and cotton growth [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, (9):123-126. (in Chinese)
[6]	孙乾坤,章建新,薛丽华,等.不同滴灌处理对冬小麦根系生长及干物质积累的影响[J].西北农业学报,2016,25(3):372-377.SUN Qian-kun, ZHANG Jian-xin, XUE Li-hua, et al. (2016). Effect of drip irrigation quantities on root growth and dry matter accumulation in winter wheat [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 25(3):372-377. (in Chinese)
[7]	杜明伟,冯国艺,姚炎帝, 等. 杂交棉标杂A1和石杂2号超高产冠层特性及其与群体光合生产的关系[J].作物学报,2009, 35(6): 1 068-1 077.DU Ming-wei, FENG Guo-yi, YAO Yan-di, et al. (2009). Canopy characteristics and its correlation with photosynthesis of super high-yielding hybrid cotton Biaoza A1 and Shiza 2 [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 35(6): 1,068-1,077. (in Chinese)
[8]	张冬玲,张洪娜,郝晨阳,等.花后冠层温度对小麦产量的影响及几个关联SSR位点的效应分析[J].作物学报,2015, 41(4):548-556.ZHANG Dong-lin, ZHANG Hong-na, HAO Cheng-yang, et al.(2015). Influence of canopy temperature (CT) during grain-filling period on yield and effects of several CT-associated SSR loci [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 41(4):548-556. (in Chinese)
[9]	卞晓波. 花后开放式增温对小麦籽粒形成的影响及其生理机制[D].南京:南京农业大学硕士论文,2012.BIAN Xiao-bo. (2012). Effects of free air temperature enhancement on grain formation and its physiological mechanism [D]. Master Thesis. Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing. (in Chinese)
[10]	韩亚东,张文忠,杨梅,等.孕穗期水稻叶温与水分状况关系的研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(3):214-216.HAN Ya-dong, ZHANG Wen-zhong, YANG Mei, et al.(2006). The relation between leaf temperature and water condition in boot stage on rice [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 22(3):214-216. (in Chinese)
[11]	Hunsaker, D. J., Clemmens, A. J., & Fangmeier, D. D. (1998). Cotton response to high frequency surface irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 37(1): 55-74.
[12]	李丽,申双和,李永秀,等.不同水分处理下冬小麦冠层温度、叶片水势和水分利用效率的变化及相关关系[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012, 30(2):68-72,106.LI Li, SHENG Shuang-he, LI Yong-xiu, et al. (2012).Evaluation the influence of water deficit and irrigation on yield of winter wheat [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 30(2):68-72,106. (in Chinese)
[13]	刘梅先,杨劲松,李晓明,等. 膜下滴灌条件下滴水量和滴水频率对棉田土壤水分分布及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2011,22(12):3 203-3 210.LIU Mei-xian,YANG Jing-song, LI Xiao-ming, et al.(2011).Effects of irrigation amount and frequency on soil water distribution and water use efficiency in a cotton field under mulched drip irrigation [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 22(12):3,203-3,210. (in Chinese)
[14]	Bordovsky, J. P., & Lyle, W. M. (2010). Cotton Response to High Frequency Irrigation. Planning Now for Irrigation and Drainage in the 21st Century (pp.297-304). ASCE.
[15]	谭凯敏,杨长刚,柴守玺,等. 秸秆还田后覆膜镇压对旱地冬小麦土壤温度和产量的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(1):159-166.TAN Kai-min,YANG Chang-gang, CHAI Shou-xi, et al.(2015). Effect of mulching film after straw returning on soil temperature and grain yield of dryland winter wheat [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 33(1):159-166. (in Chinese)
[16]	张伟,李鲁华,吕新.不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2016, 25(3):361-371.ZHANG Wei, LI Lu-hua, L Xin. (2016).Effects of drip irrigation amount on root spatial and temporal distribution,water use efficiency and yield in spring wheat [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 25(3):361-371. (in Chinese)
[17]	张洁,丁志强,李俊红,等.坡耕地保护性耕作冬小麦增产机理的研究[J].土壤通报,2012,43(2):357-361.ZHANG Jie, DING Zhi-qiang, LI Jun-hong, et al. (2012). Study on the mechanism of yield increment of winter wheat under conservation tillage on sloping dryland [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 43(2):357-361. (in Chinese)
[18]	樊廷录,宋尚有,徐银萍,等.旱地冬小麦灌浆期冠层温度与产量和水分利用效率的关系[J].生态学报,2007, 27(11):4 491-4 497.FAN Tin-lu, SONG Shang-you, XU Yin-pin, et al. (2007).Relationship between canopy temperature and water use efficiency/grain yield among dryland winter wheat genotypes during grain filling stage [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27(11):4,491-4,497. (in Chinese)
[19]	Lü Guo-hua, SONG Ji-qing, BAI Wen-bo, WU Yong-feng, Liu, Y., & KANG Yao-hu. (2015). Effects of different irrigation methods on micro-environments and root distribution in winter wheat fields. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(8): 1,658-1,672.
[20]	崔新菊,赵奇,尤明山,等.不同灌溉条件下冬小麦灌浆期冠层温度与产量相关性分析[J].作物杂志,2010,(6):51-54.CUI Xin-ju, ZHAO Qi, YOU Ming-shan, et al.(2010). Correlation analysis of canopy temperature and yield of winter wheat during grain filling stage under different irrigation conditions [J]. Crops, (6):51-54. (in Chinese)
[21]	杨国敏,孙淑娟,周勋波,等. 群体分布和灌溉对冬小麦农田光能利用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2009,20(9):1 868-1 875.YANG Guo-min, SUN Su-juan, ZHOU Xun-bo, et al. (2009).Effects of population distribution pattern and irrigation schedule on radiation utilization in winter wheat farm land [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 20(9):1,868-1,875. (in Chinese)
[22]	廖江,马富裕,樊华,等. 播量对滴灌春小麦群体生长、冠层光分布及产量的影响[J]. 麦类作物学报,2012,32(4):739-742.LIAO Jiang, MA Fu-yu, FAN Hua, et al. (2012).Effects of sowing rate on population growth,canopy lightdistribution and yield of drip irrigated spring wheat[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 32(4): 739-742. (in Chinese)
[23]	李云. 不同产量水平绿豆生理特性及其农田小气候特征研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.LI Yun. (2013). Study on physiological property and farmland and microclimatic characteristics of different mung bean[D]. Master Thesis. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling. (in Chinese)

滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响

Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 孔德鹏, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 生物质炭施用量对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2146-2151.
[2]	王立红, 张宏芝, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 王春生, 夏建强, 樊哲儒. 不同产量水平冬小麦产量差异形成的干物质生产、转运及氮肥利用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2152-2162.
[3]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[4]	杨红梅, 张跃强, 史应武, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 林青, 王宁, 楚敏, 曾军. 不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2182-2188.
[5]	马明杰, 赵经华, 李冬民, 杨胜春, 王克贤, 李池. 不同灌溉方式对苜蓿土壤水分与灌溉水利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2306-2313.
[6]	张永强, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 徐其江, 赛力汗·赛, 雷钧杰. 矮壮素滴施时期对冬小麦茎秆抗倒伏能力的调控分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1873-1878.
[7]	田文强, 董艳雪, 史永清, 雷钧杰, 孙刚刚, 王泓懿, 聂凌帆, 郭飞, 艾洪玉, 石书兵, 张金汕. 播期对超晚冬麦茎秆性状及群体动态的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1301-1307.
[8]	张永强, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰, 刘昌文. 氮肥增效剂与氮肥减量配施对冬小麦叶片生理及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1319-1325.
[9]	罗四维, 贾永红, 张金汕, 王凯, 李丹丹, 王润琪, 董艳雪, 石书兵. 不同滴头间距和毛管间距对匀播冬小麦土壤水分空间分布、根系形态及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1344-1352.
[10]	汤东, 安玉光, 程平, 李宏, 杨建军, 王凯. 天山北坡前山带典型灌木光合特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1531-1539.
[11]	田文强, 郭飞, 聂凌帆, 孙刚刚, 王泓懿, 史永清, 尚艳明, 吴利, 石书兵, 张金汕. 超晚播对冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1059-1066.
[12]	张景灿, 张永强, 雷钧杰, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 徐文修. 不同调节剂对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征及其抗倒伏性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1067-1074.
[13]	张永强, 徐其江, 陈传信, 马芯, 张虎梅, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰. 基肥种类与施肥方式对冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1075-1081.
[14]	张永强, 方辉, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 陈兴武, 雷钧杰. 外源硅滴施对弱光胁迫下冬小麦生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 336-343.
[15]	朱珠, 张旭贤, 王世昌, 文豪, 蔡桂香. 插入式地下滴灌对土壤入渗和水盐分布的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 440-447.