新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (2): 291-301.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.004

• 作物遗传育种·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

揭膜种植方式下不同灌水量对棉花干物质积累及产量的影响

牛媛1(), 杨相昆2, 张占琴2, 马富裕1()   

  1. 1.石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子 832003
    2.新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-11 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-03-22
  • 通信作者: 马富裕
  • 作者简介:牛媛(1992-),女,山东定陶人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物信息技术与精准栽培,(E-mail) 360211472@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201901)(2017-2020);公益性行业(农业)科研专项“北方一熟区耕地培肥与合理农作制”(201503120)

Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Dry Matter Accumulation of Cotton under Film Uncovering Cultivation

NIU Yuan1(), YANG Xiangkun2, ZHANG Zhanqin2, MA Fuyu1()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China
    2. Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
  • Received:2021-01-11 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-03-22
  • Correspondence author: MA Fuyu
  • Supported by:
    National key R&D Program Project "Integrated Research and Demonstration of Cotton Fertilizer and Pesticide Application Reduction Technology"(2017YFD0201901)(2017-2020);Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Scientific R &D Program of MOARA,P. R. China "Cultivation and Fertilizer of Cultivated Land and Reasonable Farming System in the One Ripe Area in Northern China"(201503120)

摘要:

【目的】 研究揭膜种植方式下不同灌水量对棉花干物质积累、转运及产量的影响,为新疆滴灌棉花生育期揭膜后的水分管理提供理论依据。【方法】 选择新陆早45号(水分胁迫迟钝型)和新陆早42号(水分胁迫敏感性)为供试材料,在出苗后40 d揭膜并设置3个水分处理,即4 425 m3/hm2(W1)、5 310 m3/hm2(W2)、6 637.5 m3/hm2(W3),分析揭膜后不同灌水量对棉花各器官干物质积累、干物质积累特征值及产量的影响。【结果】 2棉花品种在揭膜种植方式下的不同灌水处理间表现为“慢—快—慢”的变化趋势,且增加灌水量对提高产量和灌溉水利用无益,棉花揭膜种植最适宜的灌水量为4 425 m3/hm2【结论】 在相同灌水量下,揭膜种植方式的棉花干物质积累量高于全生育期覆膜处理,并且提高了干物质向生殖器官的转运比例,延长了干物质快速积累期维持的时间。

关键词: 棉花; 揭膜; 灌水量; 干物质积累; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to effectively improve the recovery rate of plastic film and reduce the pollution of plastic film, this project aims to explore the effects of different irrigation amounts on dry matter accumulation, transportation and yield of cotton under film uncovering cultivation mode, so as to provide theoretical basis for water management of cotton under drip irrigation in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Xinluzao 45 (slow water stress type) and Xinluzao 42 (water stress sensitivity) were selected as test materials.The effects of different irrigation amounts on dry matter accumulation, dry matter accumulation characteristic value and yield of cotton were studied by uncovering film 40 days after emergence and setting three water treatments[4,425 m3/hm2 (W1), 5,310 m3/hm2 (W2), 6,637.5 m3/hm2(W3)]. 【Results】 Also, there was a “slow-fast-slow” trend between the two cotton varieties under different irrigation treatments, and the increase of irrigation amount was not conducive to the increase of yield and irrigation water use.Therefore, the optimal irrigation amount for cotton cultivation under the condition of film uncovering was 4,425 m3/hm2. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that under the same irrigation amount, the dry matter accumulation of cotton under the mode of film uncovering was higher than that in the whole growth period, and the transfer ratio of dry matter to reproductive organs increased, and the maintenance time of dry matter accumulation period was prolonged.

Key words: cotton; uncovering film; irrigation volume; dry matter; yield

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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