有机无机肥配施对芝麻产量及土壤性质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.03.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (3): 467-473.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.03.009

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

有机无机肥配施对芝麻产量及土壤性质的影响

芦海灵¹, 郭中义², 卫双玲¹

1.河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心,郑州 450002;
2.驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店 463000

收稿日期:2020-03-17 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-03-30
通信作者: 郭中义(1963-),男,河南驻马店人,高级农艺师,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)zyguo8@126.com
作者简介:芦海灵(1969-),女,河南郑州人,助理研究员,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)lhl0616@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目专项资金(CARS-15)

Effects of Combinative Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Sesame Yield and Soil Properties

LU Hailing¹, GUO Zhongyi², WEI Shuangling¹

1. Sesame Research Centre,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450008, China;
2. Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhumadian Henan 463000, China

Received:2020-03-17 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-03-30
Correspondence author: GUO Zhongyi(1963-),male, Zhumadian, Henan, research direction: crop cultivation,(E-mail)zyguo8@126.com
Supported by:
the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CAES-15).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究生物炭、有机肥、饼肥与氮磷钾化肥配施对芝麻生长和产量及土壤性质的影响。【方法】 采取田间试验与室内分析的方法,研究生物炭、有机肥、饼肥与氮磷钾化肥配施对芝麻生理、产量、土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响。【结果】 与对照相比,生物炭、有机肥、饼肥与氮磷钾化肥配施显著提高了芝麻开花期土壤酶活性和光合特性,土壤蔗糖酶的活性较对照分别提高33.3%、26.4%和23.6%,脲酶活性较对照分别提高47.4%、35.9%和29.5%,过氧化氢酶活性较对照分别提高20.4%、13.6%和12.1%,叶片中叶绿素含量较对照分别提高了10.7%、9.4%和8.0%,净光合速率较对照分别提高24.2%、16.2%和10.9%;生物炭、有机肥、饼肥与氮磷钾化肥配施均使土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量增加,生物炭处理降低土壤容重、增加土壤总孔隙度效果较为显著;生物炭、有机肥、饼肥与氮磷钾化肥配施较不施肥显著增产,较氮磷钾化肥处理分别增产11.7％~13.3%、8.8%~8.1%和4.4%~8.7%。【结论】 应用1 hm²施用生物炭1 500 kg 或有机肥1 500 kg配施化肥N 120 kg、P₂O₅75 kg、K₂O 75 kg施肥方式。

关键词: 芝麻; 生物炭; 有机肥; 产量; 土壤

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of combinative application of biochar, organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) fertilizer on sesame yield and soil properties.【Method】 The field experiment was conducted to study the effects of biochar, organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on physiological characteristics of sesame, yield, soil physical and chemical property and enzymatic activity.【Results】 Compared with control, the combinative application of biochar, organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer and NPK fertilizer significantly increased the soil enzyme activity and photosynthetic characteristics of sesame during its flowering stage. The activities of soil saccharase respectively increased by 33.3%, 26.4% and 23.6% compared to the control, the activities of soil urease increased by 47.4%, 35.9% and 29.5%, catalase activity increased by 20.4%, 13.6% and 12.1%, the content of chlorophyll in leaves increased by 10.7% and 9.4% and 8.0%, and the net photosynthetic rate increased by 24.2%, 16.2% and 10.9%. The rapid available contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) increased under the combinative application of biochar, organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer and NPK fertilizer treatment. Biochar treatment had a significant effect in reducing soil bulk density and increasing total soil porosity. The combined application of biochar, organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer and NPK fertilizer significantly increased the yield compared with the non-fertilization, and increased the yield by 11.7% -13.3%, 8.8% -8.1%, and 4.4% -8.7% respectively compared with the treatment of NPK fertilizer.【Conclusion】 It is recommended that 1,500 kg of biochar per hectare or 1,500 kg of organic fertilizer combined with 120 kg of nitrogen(N) fertilizer, 75 kg of phosphorus (P) fertilizer, 75 kg of potassium(K) fertilizer can be applied as the way of fertilization.

Key words: sesame; biochar; organic fertilizer; yield; soil

中图分类号:

S565.3

芦海灵, 郭中义, 卫双玲. 有机无机肥配施对芝麻产量及土壤性质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(3): 467-473.

LU Hailing, GUO Zhongyi, WEI Shuangling. Effects of Combinative Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Sesame Yield and Soil Properties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(3): 467-473.

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有机无机肥配施对芝麻产量及土壤性质的影响

Effects of Combinative Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Sesame Yield and Soil Properties

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