棉花苗期根腐类病害生防细菌的筛选与鉴定

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.04.014

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 686-693.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.04.014

棉花苗期根腐类病害生防细菌的筛选与鉴定

杜鹏程¹, 刘海洋², 张军高³, 李进³, 周小云³, 刘梦丽¹, 雷斌³, 郭庆元¹

1.新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052;
2.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
3.新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-11-04 发布日期:2020-03-26
通信作者: 雷斌(1973- ),男,四川人,研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为农药研制及应用技术,(E-mail)leib668@xaas.ac.cn。郭庆元(1962- ),男,四川人,教授,博士,硕/博士生导师,研究方向为植物病理,(E-mail)guoqingyuan3009@sina.com。
作者简介:杜鹏程(1989- ),男,河北人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农药及棉花病害,(E-mail)821730368@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201900);公益性行业(农业) 科研专项“棉花苗期根腐类病害综合治理技术”专题( 201503112 - 6)

Screening and Identification of Biocontrol Bacteria against Cotton Root Rot Diseases at Seedling Stage

DU Pengcheng ¹, LIU Haiyang², ZHANG Jungao³, LI Jin³, ZHOU Xiaoyun³, LIU Mengli¹, LEI Bin³, GUO Qingyuan¹

1.Cotton Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education / College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052, China;
2.Research Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
3.Research Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2019-11-04 Published:2020-03-26
Correspondence author: Lei Bin (1973-), male, Sichuan native, researcher, master's supervisor. Engaged in research and application of pesticides,(E- mail) leib668@xaas.ac.cn
GUO Qingyuan (1962-), male, Sichuan native, professor, doctoral supervisor. Engaged in plant pathology, (E-mail) guoingyuan 3009@sina.com
Supported by:
Supported by the National Key R & D Program Project “Integrated Research and Demonstration of Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction Technology in Cotton” (2017YFD0201900) and Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Agriculture) Scientific R & D Program of Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China "Comprehensive Control Technology of Root Rot Diseases in Cotton Seedling Stage" (201503112 - 6)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】从新疆棉田中筛选对棉花苗期根腐类病害具有较强拮抗作用的生防细菌,为棉花苗期根腐类病害生物防治奠定基础。【方法】采用平板对峙法,测定实验室保存的多株生防细菌的抑菌能力,通过田间试验,验证其防治棉花苗期根腐类病害的效果。对生防细菌的16S rDNA基因序列与gyrA基因序列分别测序,通过BLAST在线比对,利用MEGA 7.0构建系统发育树,确定该生防菌株的分类地位。【结果】生防细菌TWt34、HWt34对棉花苗期根腐类病害(立枯病和红腐病)防治效果分别为76.74%和78.43%;在平板对峙对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani) 和拟轮枝镰孢霉(Fusarium verticilliodes)的抑菌宽度分别为8.29和6.60 mm,具有较强拮抗作用,对尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)的抑菌宽度分别为7.70 和13.15 mm,也具有明显抑制作用。16S rDNA与gyrA基因序列鉴定表明生防菌菌株TWt34、HWt34同属于莫海威芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mojavensis)。【结论】筛选出的2株莫海威芽孢杆菌TWt34、HWt34对棉花4种主要病害的病原菌具有较强的抑制作用,能够有效防治2种棉花苗期根腐类病害(立枯病和红腐病)。

关键词: 棉花; 苗期; 根腐病; 生防细菌; 生物防治

Abstract: 【Objective】 To screen biocontrol bacteria which have strong antagonistic effect on cotton root rot disease at seedling stage in cotton field in Xinjiang in the hope of laying a foundation for biological control of the disease in this period.【Methods】 The bacteriostatic ability of several strains of biocontrol bacteria preserved in laboratory was determined by plate confrontation method, and the effect of controlling root rot disease of cotton at seedling stage was verified by field experiment. The 16S rDNA gene sequence and gyrA gene sequence of biocontrol bacteria were sequenced respectively. Through BLAST online comparison, the phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA7.0 to determine the taxonomic status of the biocontrol strain.【Results】 The control effects of biocontrol bacteria TWt34 and HWt34 on root rot diseases (vertical blight and red rot) of cotton at seedling stage were 78.43% and 76.74%, respectively. In the plate confrontation test, the bacteriostatic widths of Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium verticilliodes were 8.29 and 6.60 mm, respectively. At the same time, the antibacterial widths of Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae were 7.70 and 13.15 mm, respectively. Sequence identification of 16S rDNA and gyrA genes showed that biocontrol strains TWt34 and HWt34 both belonged to Bacillus mojavensis. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the two strains of Bacillus mori TWt34 and HWt34 had strong inhibitory effect on the pathogens of four main diseases of cotton, and could effectively control two kinds of root rot diseases of cotton at seedling stage (standing blight and red rot). It provides a reference and scientific basis for the development of corresponding biological pesticides, and provides a reference for reducing the amount of chemical pesticides and protecting the ecological environment and biological resources.

Key words: cotton; seedling stage; root rot; biocontrol bacteria; biological control

中图分类号:

S476

杜鹏程, 刘海洋, 张军高, 李进, 周小云, 刘梦丽, 雷斌, 郭庆元. 棉花苗期根腐类病害生防细菌的筛选与鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(4): 686-693.

DU Pengcheng , LIU Haiyang, ZHANG Jungao, LI Jin, ZHOU Xiaoyun, LIU Mengli, LEI Bin, GUO Qingyuan. Screening and Identification of Biocontrol Bacteria against Cotton Root Rot Diseases at Seedling Stage[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(4): 686-693.

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棉花苗期根腐类病害生防细菌的筛选与鉴定

Screening and Identification of Biocontrol Bacteria against Cotton Root Rot Diseases at Seedling Stage

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