文冠果根腐病主要生物学特性及室内药剂筛选

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.027

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 1523-1530.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.027

• 植物保护·林业·畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

文冠果根腐病主要生物学特性及室内药剂筛选

张国新¹(), 宋单波¹, 刘保军², 王权¹, 白剑宇²(), 郭庆元¹()

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆林科院经济林研究所/新疆林果树种选育与栽培重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830063

收稿日期:2022-08-25 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-20
通信作者: 白剑宇(1977-),男,河北人,研究员,研究方向为林业有害生物监测预警与防控,(E-mail) bjyhao2010@sina.com; 郭庆元(1962-),男,四川人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为作物病害及其防治,(E-mail) guoqingyuan3009@sina.com
作者简介:张国新(1997-),河南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物病理学,(E-mail)1023971253@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区林业科技专项“新疆特色林果新病害病原种类、生态分布及传播规律研究”(KY2021031)

Biological characteristics and screening of fungicides of Xanthoceras sorbifolium bunge root rot in the lab

ZHANG Guoxin¹(), SONG Danbo¹, LIU Baojun², WANG Quan¹, BAI Jianyu²(), GUO Qingyuan¹()

1. Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Key Laboratory of Fruit Tree Species Breeding and Cultivation in Xinjiang/Research Institute of Economic Forestry, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Urumqi 830063, China

Received:2022-08-25 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-20
Correspondence author: BAI Jianyu(1977-), male, native place: Xinjiang. Professor, research field: Forestry Pest Monitoring alert and Prevention and Control,(E-mail) bjyhao2010@sina.com; GUO Qingyuan(1962-), male, native place Sichuan, professor, research direction is crop diseases and control, (E-mail) guoqingyuan3009@sina.com
Supported by:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region forestry science and technology special project "Research on the Pathogenic Species, Ecological Distribution, and Transmission Law of New Forest and Fruit Diseases in Xinjiang"(KY2021031)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究文冠果根腐病菌瓜果腐霉(Pythium aphanidermature)的生物学特性,筛选抑菌效果明显的杀菌剂,为文冠果根腐病田间药剂筛选提供备选药剂。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法分别测定病原菌在不同碳源、温度和pH值条件下的生长速率,分析病原菌主要生物学特性。运用病原菌的室内药剂毒力测定试验,筛选高效抑菌药剂。【结果】病原菌在8种不同碳源培养基上均可生长,其中在PDA上生长速率明显优于其它7种培养基,病原菌在PDA上生长最好,其次为CMA、PCA、OA、PSA、胡萝卜、WA和MA;病原菌在15~40℃均可生长,且最适温度在(35±1)℃;病原菌在pH值为4~11均可生长,其中pH值为8.0时生长最优;30%甲霜·噁霉灵毒力最大,EC₅₀值为1.259 9 mg/L,其次为50%腐霉·福美双,EC₅₀值为8.156 4 mg/L,而2×10⁹ CFU/g 枯草芽孢杆菌毒力最小,EC₅₀值为4 107.327 mg/L。【结论】在8种不同碳源培养基中,最适培养基为PDA,最适生长温度为35℃左右,最适pH值为8。供试12种药剂对病原菌菌丝生长均具有一定的抑制效果,其中甲霜·噁霉灵的抑菌效果最好,其次为腐霉·福美双和代森锰锌,3种药剂可作为文冠果根腐病田间防治药剂的备选药剂。

关键词: 文冠果; 根腐病; 生物学特性; 毒力测定

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the biological characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia root rot pathogen, melon and Pythium aphanidermature, and screen fungicides with obvious bacteriostatic effect, so as to provide alternative fungicides for field fungicide screening of Xanthoceras sorbifolia root rot.【Methods】 In the experiment, the mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the growth rate of pathogens under different carbon sources, temperatures and pH values, so as to clarify the main biological characteristics of pathogens. Through the indoor drug virulence determination experiment of pathogenic bacteria, the prevention and control drugs were screened out. 【Results】 The biological characteristics of pathogens showed that the pathogens could grow in 8 different carbon source media, but the growth on PDA and CMA was better than the other 7 cultures. The pathogens grew best on PDA, followed by CMA, PCA, OA, PSA, carrot, WA, MA; the pathogen could grow at 15-40℃, and the optimum temperature was (35±1)℃; the pathogen could grow at pH 4-11, among which the optimal growth was when the pH value was 8.0; 30% benzalkonium · hymexazol was the most virulent, with an EC₅₀ value of 1.259,9 mg/L, followed by 50% Pythium · Thiram with an EC₅₀ value of 8.156 4 mg/L, while 2×10⁹ CFU/g Bacillus subtilis was the least virulent, with an EC₅₀ value of 4,107.327 mg/L.【Conclusion】 Among the 8 different carbon source media tested, the optimum medium is PDA, the optimum growth temperature is about 35℃ and the optimum pH value 8. All the 12 fungicides tested have certain inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of pathogenic bacteria, Among which, metalaxyl oxamyl has the best antibacterial effect, followed by Pythium thiram and mancozeb. The three fungicides can be used as alternative fungicides for the field control of Xanthoceras sorbifolia root rot.

Key words: Xanthoceras sorbifolia; root rot; biological characteristics; virulence determination

中图分类号:

S565.9

张国新, 宋单波, 刘保军, 王权, 白剑宇, 郭庆元. 文冠果根腐病主要生物学特性及室内药剂筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1523-1530.

ZHANG Guoxin, SONG Danbo, LIU Baojun, WANG Quan, BAI Jianyu, GUO Qingyuan. Biological characteristics and screening of fungicides of Xanthoceras sorbifolium bunge root rot in the lab[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(6): 1523-1530.

图/表 4

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供试药剂 Fungicides	浓度 Concentration (mg/L)		抑制率 Inhabited percent (%)		回归方程 Toxicity regressive equations		EC₅₀ (mg/L)		相关系数(R) Correlation coefficient
2×10⁹ CFU/g 枯草芽孢杆菌 2×10⁹ CFU/g Bacillus subtilis	90		21.91		Y=0.472X+3.317		4 107.327		0.914
	75		20.69
	65		18.24
	50		17.99
	40		17.01
50%腐霉·福美双 50% Pythium· Thiram	10		66.71		Y=1.869X+3.319		8.156 4		0.931
	8		40.02
	5		32.19
	3		17.26
	2		16.28
30%噁霉灵 30% Hymexazol	100		54.49		Y=0.502X+4.089		72.403 7		0.935
	50		48.83
	30		43.94
	10		36.84
	5		27.05
80%代森锰锌 80% Mancozeb	15		69.4		Y=1.396X+3.639		9.797 5		0.876
	10		65
	5		9.91
	1		7.71
	0.5		5.26
722g/L霜霉威盐酸盐 722g/L Propamocarb hydrochloride	40		55.2		Y=0.220X+4.780		12.668 6		0.982
	20		51.29
	10		49.57
	5		44.68
	1		40.76
30%甲霜·噁霉灵 30% Metalaxyl oxamyl		20		87.03		Y=0.883X+4.934		1.259 9		0.989
		10		77.72
		5		65.48
		1		49.08
		0.5		43.69
500 g/L甲基硫菌灵 500 g/L Thiophanate- Methyl		800		44.18		Y=1.580X-0.111		1 774.654 9		0.787
		700		20.44
		600		20.69
		500		18.24
		400		16.77
37%苯醚甲环唑 37% Difenoconazole		60		6.73		Y=0.527X+3.145		3 654.33		0.931
		50		5.51
		40		5.26
		30		3.06
		20		2.82
21%过氧乙酸 21% Peroxyacetic acid		400		57.4		Y=1.673X+0.986		258.697		0.981
		300		55.2
		200		49.8
		100		23.9
		50		9.9
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chloroisobromine- cyanuric-acid		200		74.08		Y=1.584X+1.696		125.929 1		0.898
		150		63.08
		100		33.25
		50		10.76
		10		6.6
47%春雷·王铜 47% Copperoxychloride		500		90.95		Y=2.751X-1.432		221.959 6		0.977
		400		72.13
		300		55.48
		100		11.98
		50		4.56
45%戊·唑咪鲜胺 45% Tebuconazole & Prochloraz		70		72.1		Y=2.075X+1.776		36.696 7		0.999
		50		61.86
		30		41.03
		20		29.3
		10		11.8

供试药剂 Fungicides	浓度 Concentration (mg/L)		抑制率 Inhabited percent (%)		回归方程 Toxicity regressive equations		EC₅₀ (mg/L)		相关系数(R) Correlation coefficient
2×10⁹ CFU/g 枯草芽孢杆菌 2×10⁹ CFU/g Bacillus subtilis	90		21.91		Y=0.472X+3.317		4 107.327		0.914
	75		20.69
	65		18.24
	50		17.99
	40		17.01
50%腐霉·福美双 50% Pythium· Thiram	10		66.71		Y=1.869X+3.319		8.156 4		0.931
	8		40.02
	5		32.19
	3		17.26
	2		16.28
30%噁霉灵 30% Hymexazol	100		54.49		Y=0.502X+4.089		72.403 7		0.935
	50		48.83
	30		43.94
	10		36.84
	5		27.05
80%代森锰锌 80% Mancozeb	15		69.4		Y=1.396X+3.639		9.797 5		0.876
	10		65
	5		9.91
	1		7.71
	0.5		5.26
722g/L霜霉威盐酸盐 722g/L Propamocarb hydrochloride	40		55.2		Y=0.220X+4.780		12.668 6		0.982
	20		51.29
	10		49.57
	5		44.68
	1		40.76
30%甲霜·噁霉灵 30% Metalaxyl oxamyl		20		87.03		Y=0.883X+4.934		1.259 9		0.989
		10		77.72
		5		65.48
		1		49.08
		0.5		43.69
500 g/L甲基硫菌灵 500 g/L Thiophanate- Methyl		800		44.18		Y=1.580X-0.111		1 774.654 9		0.787
		700		20.44
		600		20.69
		500		18.24
		400		16.77
37%苯醚甲环唑 37% Difenoconazole		60		6.73		Y=0.527X+3.145		3 654.33		0.931
		50		5.51
		40		5.26
		30		3.06
		20		2.82
21%过氧乙酸 21% Peroxyacetic acid		400		57.4		Y=1.673X+0.986		258.697		0.981
		300		55.2
		200		49.8
		100		23.9
		50		9.9
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chloroisobromine- cyanuric-acid		200		74.08		Y=1.584X+1.696		125.929 1		0.898
		150		63.08
		100		33.25
		50		10.76
		10		6.6
47%春雷·王铜 47% Copperoxychloride		500		90.95		Y=2.751X-1.432		221.959 6		0.977
		400		72.13
		300		55.48
		100		11.98
		50		4.56
45%戊·唑咪鲜胺 45% Tebuconazole & Prochloraz		70		72.1		Y=2.075X+1.776		36.696 7		0.999
		50		61.86
		30		41.03
		20		29.3
		10		11.8

文冠果根腐病主要生物学特性及室内药剂筛选

Biological characteristics and screening of fungicides of Xanthoceras sorbifolium bunge root rot in the lab

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