巴旦木细菌性穿孔病菌的生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.026

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 1515-1522.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.026

• 植物保护·林业·畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

巴旦木细菌性穿孔病菌的生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选

宋单波¹(), 张国新¹, 王权¹, 刘保军¹, 黄涛², 韩宏伟³, 白剑宇³(), 郭庆元¹()

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.乌鲁木齐海关动植物检疫处,乌鲁木齐 830011
3.新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐 830063

收稿日期:2022-09-30 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-20
通信作者: 白剑宇(1977-),男,河北人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为林业有害生物监测预警与防控,(E-mail) bjyhao2010@sina.com; 郭庆元(1962-),男,四川人,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为作物病害及其防治,(E-mail) guoqingyuan3009@sina.com
作者简介:宋单波(1993- ),男,河南人,博士,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物病理学,(E-mail)1396722646@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区林业科技专项“新疆特色林果新病害病原种类、生态分布及传播规律研究”(KY2021031)

Study on the biological characteristics of the pathogen of bacterial perforation of alternaria alternata in Xinjiang and the screening of laboratory agents

SONG Danbo¹(), ZHANG Guoxin¹, WANG Quan¹, LIU Baojun¹, HUANG Tao², HAN Hongwei³, BAI Jianyu³(), GUO Qingyuan¹()

1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Animal and Plant Quarantine Office of Urumqi Customs,Urumqi 830011,China
3. Institute of Economic Forestry, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry, Urumqi 830063, China

Received:2022-09-30 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-20
Correspondence author: BAI Jianyu(1977-),male,native place: Xinjiang. Professor,research Pest Monitoring alert and Prevention and Control,(E-mail) bjyhao2010@sina.com; Qingyuan(1962-), male, native place Sichuan, professor, research direction is crop diseases and control, (E-mail) guoqingyuan3009@sina.com
Supported by:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region forestry science and technology special project "Research on the Pathogenic Species, Ecological Distribution, and Transmission Law of New Forest and Fruit Diseases in Xinjiang"(KY2021031)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究巴旦木细菌性穿孔病病原菌的生物学特性,筛选出室内抑菌效果较好的防控药剂,为病害田间防控药剂的筛选提供理论依据和备选药剂。【方法】供试8种培养基采用紫外分光光度计法,测定病原菌在不同温度、培养基、碳源、氮源、pH和NaCl浓度条件下的生长速率;运用滤纸片抑菌圈法比较12种不同药剂的抑菌效果。【结果】最适病原菌生长的培养基为LB,最适生长温度为28℃,在以甘露醇为碳源和酵母膏为氮源时生长量最好;病原菌在pH为5~10均能生长,最适pH为7.5,致死温度为50℃;在供试的12种药剂中,0.3%四霉素和1.2%的中生菌素抑菌效果最好,EC₅₀分别为2.925、6.474 mg/L,其次是3%噻霉酮和53.8%氢氧化铜,EC₅₀分别为20.245、50.947 mg/L,80%波尔多液和30%噻唑锌对病原菌的抑制效果相对较差,当浓度达到10 000 mg/L以上才能抑制病原菌。【结论】6种供试培养基中最适合病原菌生长的为LB培养基,最适合温度为28℃,最适pH为7.5,8种供试碳源中,最适合碳源为甘露醇,8种供试氮源中,最适合氮源为酵母膏,12种供试药剂室内毒力测定表明:0.3%四霉素的毒力最强,其次为1.2%中生菌素和3%噻霉酮,3种防治药剂较好。

关键词: 巴旦木; 细菌性穿孔病; 生物学特性; 毒力测定; 防治效果

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the biological characteristics of pathogens of almond bacterial shot hole, and screen out efficient antibacterial agent, so as to provide theoretical basis and alternative agents for the screening of field control agents.【Methods】 The results showed that the optimum medium for pathogen growth was LB, among the 8 tested media, the growth rate of pathogens under different temperatures, culture media, carbon and nitrogen source, pH and NaCl concentration was measured by UV spectrophotometer and the antibacterial effects of 12 different selected agents were compared by filter paper bacteriostatic circle method.【Results】 The optimum growth temperature was 28℃, and the growth was the best when mannitol was used as carbon source and yeast extract as nitrogen source; the pathogen could grow at pH 5-10. the optimum pH was 7.5 and the lethal temperature was 50℃; the toxicity test showed that 0.3% tetramycin and 1.2% mesobiotic had the best antibacterial effect, with EC₅₀ of 2.925 and 6.474 mg/L respectively, followed by 3% thiamycin and 53.8% copper hydroxide, EC₅₀ of 20.245 and 50.947 mg/L respectively, and 80% Bordeaux solution and 30% thiazole zinc had relatively poor inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria. When the concentration reached more than 10,000 mg/L, the pathogen could be inhibited among the 12 agents. 【Conclusion】 Among the six tested mediums, LB medium is the most suitable for the growth of pathogens, with the most suitable temperature at 28℃ and the most suitable pH of 7.5. Mannitol is the most suitable carbon source among the 8 tested carbon sources, and yeast extract is the most suitable nitrogen source among the 8 tested nitrogen sources. The indoor toxicity test of 12 tested reagents shows that 0.3% tetramycin has the strongest toxicity, followed by 1.2% mesobiotic and 3% thiamycin.

Key words: almond; bacterial shot hole; biological characteristics; toxicity test; control effect

中图分类号:

S-188
S47

宋单波, 张国新, 王权, 刘保军, 黄涛, 韩宏伟, 白剑宇, 郭庆元. 巴旦木细菌性穿孔病菌的生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1515-1522.

SONG Danbo, ZHANG Guoxin, WANG Quan, LIU Baojun, HUANG Tao, HAN Hongwei, BAI Jianyu, GUO Qingyuan. Study on the biological characteristics of the pathogen of bacterial perforation of alternaria alternata in Xinjiang and the screening of laboratory agents[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(6): 1515-1522.

图/表 7

参考文献 19

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药剂 Fungicides	剂型 Dosage forms	生产厂家 Manufacturers
0.3%四霉素 0.3% four drug	水剂	辽宁微科生物工程股份有限公司
3%噻霉铜 3% thiamethoxam mould copper	水分散粒剂	陕西西大华特科技实业有限公司
80%波尔多液 80% Bordeaux liquid	可湿性粉剂	通州正大农药化工有限公司
30%噻锉锌 30% zinc thiofile	悬浮剂	浙江新农化工股份有限公司
12%中生菌素 12% Zhongshengmycin	可湿性粉剂	福建凯立生物制品有限公司
80%乙蒜素 80% Ethylicin	乳油	河南科邦化工有限公司
53.8%氢氧化铜 53.8% copper hydroxide	水分散粒剂	陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司
4%春雷霉素 4% vernamycin	水剂	陕西麦可罗生物科技有限公司
50%多·锰锌 50% manganese zinc	可湿性粉剂	四川国光农化股份有限公司
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chlorine and bromine isocyan uric acid	可溶性粉剂	河北上瑞化工有限公司
47%春雷·王铜 47% kasugamycin-copper acetate	可湿性粉剂	江西禾益化工股份有限公司
80%代森锰锌 80% mancozeb	可湿性粉剂	河北双吉化工有限公司

药剂 Fungicides	剂型 Dosage forms	生产厂家 Manufacturers
0.3%四霉素 0.3% four drug	水剂	辽宁微科生物工程股份有限公司
3%噻霉铜 3% thiamethoxam mould copper	水分散粒剂	陕西西大华特科技实业有限公司
80%波尔多液 80% Bordeaux liquid	可湿性粉剂	通州正大农药化工有限公司
30%噻锉锌 30% zinc thiofile	悬浮剂	浙江新农化工股份有限公司
12%中生菌素 12% Zhongshengmycin	可湿性粉剂	福建凯立生物制品有限公司
80%乙蒜素 80% Ethylicin	乳油	河南科邦化工有限公司
53.8%氢氧化铜 53.8% copper hydroxide	水分散粒剂	陕西汤普森生物科技有限公司
4%春雷霉素 4% vernamycin	水剂	陕西麦可罗生物科技有限公司
50%多·锰锌 50% manganese zinc	可湿性粉剂	四川国光农化股份有限公司
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chlorine and bromine isocyan uric acid	可溶性粉剂	河北上瑞化工有限公司
47%春雷·王铜 47% kasugamycin-copper acetate	可湿性粉剂	江西禾益化工股份有限公司
80%代森锰锌 80% mancozeb	可湿性粉剂	河北双吉化工有限公司

药剂名称 Bactericide		浓度 Concentration (mg/L)		抑制率 Inhabited percent (%)		回归方程 Toxicity regressive equations		EC₅₀ (mg/L)	相关系数(R) Correlation coefficient
80%乙蒜素 80% Ethylicin		4 000		0.77		Y=1.743X-0.791		2 164.71	0.97
		2 666.66		0.56
		1 600		0.4
		1 333.33		0.35
		1 000		0.26
3%噻霉铜 3% thiamethoxam mould copper		3 000		0.83		Y=0.459X+4.423		20.25	0.91
		600		0.79
		428.57		0.76
		200		0.69
		100		0.57
80%波尔多液 80% Bordeaux liquid		266 666		0.74		Y=0.68X+2.012		26 751.79	0.96
		160 000		0.7
		32 000		0.59
		16 000		0.48
		10 666.66		0.33
30%噻锉锌 30% zinc thiofile		300 000		0.79		Y=0.623X+2.468		12 603.22	0.95
		60 000		0.68
		30 000		0.61
		12 000		0.56
		6 000		0.36
12%中生菌素 12% Zhong shengmycin		24 000		0.85		Y=0.304X+4.776		6.47	0.98
		1 600		0.78
		960		0.75
		480		0.72
		240		0.67
0.3%四霉素 0.3% four drug		15		0.79		Y=0.535X+5.272		2.92	0.97
		10		0.78
		6		0.75
		3.333		0.73
		2.5		0.65
53.8%氢氧化铜 53.8% copper hydroxide		53 800		0.8		Y=0.295X+4.519		50.94	0.88
		13 450		0.77
		7 685.71		0.76
		3 842.58		0.74
		2 690		0.65
4%春雷霉素 4% vernamycin		2 666.66		0.7		Y=0.594X+3.488		383.26	0.99
		1 333.33		0.64
		800		0.59
		500		0.51
		400		0.32
50%多·锰锌 50% manganese zinc	50 000		0.77		Y=0.449X+3.76		648.67		0.93
	5 000		0.7
	2 500		0.63
	833.33		0.57
	500		0.4
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chlorine and bromine isocyan uric acid	714.28		0.81		Y=1.909X+0.457		246.38		0.99
	625		0.78
	500		0.72
	416.66		0.68
	357.14		0.63
47%春雷·王铜 47% kasugamycin- copper acetate	94 000		0.83		Y=0.517X+3.316		1 999.71		0.99
	47 000		0.74
	9 400		0.65
	4 700		0.58
	1 566.66		0.49
80%代森锰锌 80% mancozeb	2 000		0.75		Y=1.053X+2.205		473.46		0.99
	1 600		0.71
	1 333.33		0.68
	800		0.6
	533.33		0.52

药剂名称 Bactericide		浓度 Concentration (mg/L)		抑制率 Inhabited percent (%)		回归方程 Toxicity regressive equations		EC₅₀ (mg/L)	相关系数(R) Correlation coefficient
80%乙蒜素 80% Ethylicin		4 000		0.77		Y=1.743X-0.791		2 164.71	0.97
		2 666.66		0.56
		1 600		0.4
		1 333.33		0.35
		1 000		0.26
3%噻霉铜 3% thiamethoxam mould copper		3 000		0.83		Y=0.459X+4.423		20.25	0.91
		600		0.79
		428.57		0.76
		200		0.69
		100		0.57
80%波尔多液 80% Bordeaux liquid		266 666		0.74		Y=0.68X+2.012		26 751.79	0.96
		160 000		0.7
		32 000		0.59
		16 000		0.48
		10 666.66		0.33
30%噻锉锌 30% zinc thiofile		300 000		0.79		Y=0.623X+2.468		12 603.22	0.95
		60 000		0.68
		30 000		0.61
		12 000		0.56
		6 000		0.36
12%中生菌素 12% Zhong shengmycin		24 000		0.85		Y=0.304X+4.776		6.47	0.98
		1 600		0.78
		960		0.75
		480		0.72
		240		0.67
0.3%四霉素 0.3% four drug		15		0.79		Y=0.535X+5.272		2.92	0.97
		10		0.78
		6		0.75
		3.333		0.73
		2.5		0.65
53.8%氢氧化铜 53.8% copper hydroxide		53 800		0.8		Y=0.295X+4.519		50.94	0.88
		13 450		0.77
		7 685.71		0.76
		3 842.58		0.74
		2 690		0.65
4%春雷霉素 4% vernamycin		2 666.66		0.7		Y=0.594X+3.488		383.26	0.99
		1 333.33		0.64
		800		0.59
		500		0.51
		400		0.32
50%多·锰锌 50% manganese zinc	50 000		0.77		Y=0.449X+3.76		648.67		0.93
	5 000		0.7
	2 500		0.63
	833.33		0.57
	500		0.4
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chlorine and bromine isocyan uric acid	714.28		0.81		Y=1.909X+0.457		246.38		0.99
	625		0.78
	500		0.72
	416.66		0.68
	357.14		0.63
47%春雷·王铜 47% kasugamycin- copper acetate	94 000		0.83		Y=0.517X+3.316		1 999.71		0.99
	47 000		0.74
	9 400		0.65
	4 700		0.58
	1 566.66		0.49
80%代森锰锌 80% mancozeb	2 000		0.75		Y=1.053X+2.205		473.46		0.99
	1 600		0.71
	1 333.33		0.68
	800		0.6
	533.33		0.52

巴旦木细菌性穿孔病菌的生物学特性及抑菌药剂筛选

Study on the biological characteristics of the pathogen of bacterial perforation of alternaria alternata in Xinjiang and the screening of laboratory agents

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