文冠果幼树树形培养及花序调控效果

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.015

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 1095-1105.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.015

• 园艺特产·贮藏保鲜加工·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

文冠果幼树树形培养及花序调控效果

兖攀, 王久照, 姜继元, 李铭, 陈奇凌

新疆农垦科学院林园研究所,新疆石河子 832000

收稿日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-06-15
通信作者: 姜继元(1982-),男,山东济宁人,副研究员,研究方向为果树栽培和林业生态,(E-mail)jiangjy8201@sina.com
作者简介:兖攀(1986-),男,新疆石河子人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为经济林和果树栽培,(E-mail)494594365@qq.com
基金资助:
国家林业公益性行业科研专项“新疆文冠果优系引选及繁育技术研究”(201404712);兵团科技攻关项目“文冠果优系引进与容器育苗技术研究”(2015AD019)

Experimental Study on the Tree Shape Culture and Inflorescence Regulation of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge

YAN Pan, WANG Jiuzhao, JIANG Jiyuan, LI Ming, CHEN Qiling

Institue of Forectry and Horticultwe of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China

Received:2020-01-15 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-06-15
Correspondence author: JIANG Jiyuan (1982 -),male (Han),associate researcher,Jining,Shandong Province,research direction: fruit tree cultivation and forestry ecology,(E-mail)jiangjy8201@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】对比3种文冠果树形间的落果动态、果实性状、种子品质,研究花序调控效果,分析树体结构与结实性状间的关系,为文冠果幼树的树形培养和花果管理提供参考依据。【方法】采用双因素试验设计,设置田间试验,进行方差分析与多重比较、主成分分析和相关分析。【结果】多主枝丛生形的花序数为33个,显著高于另外2种树形,其最终坐果率为28%,显著高于开心形,且多数果实和种子性状显著好于主干形。花序打顶后,果实膨大期的落果率从56%降至41%,同时它与去雄处理的果壳厚度比疏花序处理减小6%。与种子产量有关的树体结构指标是地径(r=0.238)和分枝基径(r=0.350),花序花朵指标是花序着生位点(r=0.204)、花朵数(r=0.343)和可孕花比例(r=0.322)。与种子品质有关的树体结构指标是分枝数(r=0.351),花序花朵指标是花序疏除率(r=-0.436)和可孕花比例(r=-0.216)。【结论】树形对文冠果幼树的花序、果实和种子性状具有普遍的影响,多主枝丛生形的种子千粒重、出仁率比主干形的显著提高。花序调控处理在降低果实膨大期落果率、降低果壳厚度和提高出种率方面具有显著作用。

关键词: 文冠果; 树形; 花序调控; 种子; 品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to compare the fruit drop dynamics, fruit characters and seed quality among three shapes of Xanthoceras sorbifolium, to study the effect of inflorescence regulation, and to explore the relationship between tree structure and fruiting characters, so as to provide reference for tree shape culture and flower and fruit management of young Xanthoceras sorbifolium. 【Methods】 The two experiment factor design was adopted, through field experiment, the results were analyzed by ANOVA, multiple comparison, principal component analysis and correlation analysis.【Results】 The number of inflorescences in the cluster of main branches shape was 33, which was significantly higher than that in the other two tree shapes, it's final fruit set percentage was 28%, which was significantly higher than that in natural open-centeralized shape, and most fruit and seed characters were better than the central leader tree shape significantly.When cut off the top of inflorescence, the fruit drop rate decreased from 56% to 41% in fruit growth period, and the thickness of shell under cut off inflorescence'top and emasculation was 6% less than remove inflorescence treatment. The tree structure indexes related to seed yield were ground diameter (r= 0.238) and branch diameter (r= 0.350), and the inflorescence flower indexes related to seed yield were inflorescence site (r= 0.204), flower number (r= 0.343) and pregnant flowers ratio (r=0.322). The tree structure index related to seed quality was branch number (r=0.351), and the inflorescence flower indexes related to seed quality were inflorescence remove rate (r=- 0.436) and pregnant flowers ratio (r= - 0.216).【Conclusion】 The tree shape has a general effect on inflorescence,fruit and seed characters of the young trees of Xanthoceras sorbifolium.The 1,000 seed weight and kernel percentage of the cluster of main branches shape are higher than that of the central leader tree shape significantly.The inflorescence regulation treatment has significant effect on reducing the fruit drop rate in fruit growth period, reducing the shell thickness and improving the seed production rate.

Key words: Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge; tree shape; inflorescence regulation; seed; quality

中图分类号:

S727

兖攀, 王久照, 姜继元, 李铭, 陈奇凌. 文冠果幼树树形培养及花序调控效果[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(6): 1095-1105.

YAN Pan, WANG Jiuzhao, JIANG Jiyuan, LI Ming, CHEN Qiling. Experimental Study on the Tree Shape Culture and Inflorescence Regulation of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(6): 1095-1105.

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文冠果幼树树形培养及花序调控效果

Experimental Study on the Tree Shape Culture and Inflorescence Regulation of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge

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