朝鲜球坚蚧成虫寄生蜂资源调查

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.023

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (9): 2273-2280.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.023

朝鲜球坚蚧成虫寄生蜂资源调查

杨海涛(), 席欧彦, 赵倩, 曹竹君, 胡红英()

新疆大学生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830017

收稿日期:2022-11-14 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-19
通信作者: 胡红英(1969-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为昆虫学,(E-mail)huhongying@xju.edu.cn
作者简介:杨海涛(1993-),男,河南开封人,硕士研究生,研究方向为昆虫学,(E-mail)1363550924@qq.com
基金资助:
科技部人才与基地项目“第三次新疆综合科学考察.天山野果林生态系统与生物多样性调查天山野果林昆虫多样性调查”(2021xjkk0503)

Investigation of parasitoids of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius

YANG Haitao(), XI Ouyan, ZHAO Qian, CAO Zhujun, HU Hongying()

Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering/ College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046, China

Received:2022-11-14 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-19
Correspondence author: HU Hongying (1969-), female,from Urumqi,Xinjiang,Professor,doctoral supervisor, majoring in Entomology, (E-mail) huhongying@xju.edu.cn
Supported by:
Investigation on Ecosystem and Biodiversity of Wild Fruit Forest in Tianshan Mountains Investigation into Insect Diversity of Wild Fruit Forest in Tianshan Mountains"(2021xjkk0503)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】调查研究林果害虫朝鲜球坚蚧Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius的寄生性天敌昆虫资源,描述形态,确认优势寄生蜂,为朝鲜球坚蚧的生物防治提供基础数据。【方法】采集朝鲜球坚蚧成虫于室内饲养获得寄生性天敌,在体视显微镜下进行物种鉴定及描述;室内饲养寄生蜂,比较不同寄生蜂的寿命及性比。【结果】室内饲养朝鲜球坚蚧成虫,获得4种寄生蜂,分别为球蚧跳小蜂Encyrtus infidus Rossi、球蚧花角跳小蜂Blastothrix sericea Dalman、赖食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus lycimnia Walker和松毛虫楔缘金小蜂Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig。4种寄生蜂的占比分别为65.14%、21.14%、13.14%、0.57%。球蚧跳小蜂和球蚧花角跳小蜂数量较多,为朝鲜球坚蚧优势寄生蜂,雌雄比分别为1.33∶1、1.31∶1。球蚧跳小蜂雌性最长能活18 d,雄性最长能活9 d;球蚧花角跳小蜂雌雄最长寿命均为17 d。【结论】朝鲜球坚蚧寄生蜂资源丰富,记录4种,其中球蚧跳小蜂和球蚧花角跳小蜂为其优势寄生蜂,雌雄比均为1.3∶1,并且2种优势寄生蜂雌性寿命无明显差异。

关键词: 朝鲜球坚蚧; 球蚧跳小蜂; 寄生性天敌; 生物防治

Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the parasitic natural enemy insect resources of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius, a fruit pest in forest and describe their morphology and screen out the dominant parasitic wasps in the hope of providing theoretical basis for biological control of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius in the future.【Methods】 Adults of scale insect were collected and reared indoors to obtain parasitoid natural enemies.Afterwards, these parasitoids were identified and described.Parasitic wasps were raised indoors to record the lifespan of parasitic wasps and compare the lifespan of different parasitic wasps.【Results】 It was found that there were four parasitic wasps of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius: Encyrtus infidus Rossi, Blastothrix sericea Dalman, Coccophagus lycimnia Walker and Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig.These species accounted for 65.14%, 21.14%, 13.14% and 0.57% of the parasitoids, respectively.The number of Encyrtusinfidus Rossi and Blastothrix sericea Dalman were large, and they were the dominant parasitic wasps of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius, with female and male ratios of 1.33∶1 and 1.31∶1, respectively.The maximal lifespan of Encyrtus infidus Rossi fmales was 18 days and that of males was 9 days; the maximal lifespan of Blastothrixsericea Dalman both sexes was 17 days.【Conclusion】 There are abundant resources of parasitic wasps of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius.In this study, 4 species are recorded, among which Encyrtus infidus Rossi and Blastothrix sericea Dalman were the dominant parasitic wasps.the sex ratio of the two dominant parasitic wasps was 1.3∶1, and there is no significant difference in female lifespan between the two dominant parasitic wasps.

Key words: Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius; Encyrtu sinfidus Rossi; parasitic enemies; biological control

中图分类号:

S433

杨海涛, 席欧彦, 赵倩, 曹竹君, 胡红英. 朝鲜球坚蚧成虫寄生蜂资源调查[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2273-2280.

YANG Haitao, XI Ouyan, ZHAO Qian, CAO Zhujun, HU Hongying. Investigation of parasitoids of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(9): 2273-2280.

图/表 7

图1 朝鲜球坚蚧Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius(♀) 注:A.朝鲜球坚蚧危害状况;B.朝鲜球坚蚧成虫;C.被寄生的介壳虫(小蜂正在羽化)

Fig.1 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius, female Note:A.Infestation by scales;B.The adult female scale;C.A parasitized adult with an emerging wasp

图2 球蚧跳小蜂Encyrtus infidus Rossi(♀) A.头;B.触角;C.下颚须;D.下唇须;E.胸;F.整体侧面观;G.齿;H.腹I.前翅;J.前足;K.中足,L.后翅;M.后足

Fig.2 Encyrtus infidus Rossi, female A.Head front view;B.Antenna;C.Maxillary palpus;D.Labial palpus;E.Thorax;F.Lateral morphological characteristics of female Encyrtus infidus Rossi;G.Teeth;H.Abdomen;I.Fore wing;J.Fore leg;K.Mid leg;L.Hind wing;M.Hind leg

图3 球蚧花角跳小蜂Blastothrix sericea Dalman(♀) 注:A.头;B.整体侧面观;C.触角;D.齿;E.前足;F.胸;G.前翅;H.中足;I.腹;J.后翅;K.后足

Fig.3 Blastothrix sericea Dalman, female Note:A.Head front view; B.Lateral morphological characteristics of female Blastothrix sericea Dalman; C.Antenna; D.Teeth; E.Fore leg; F.Thorax; G.Fore wing; H.Mid leg; I.Abdomen;J.Hind wing; K.Hind leg

图4 赖食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus lycimnia Walker(♀) 注:A.头;B.前翅;C.后翅;D.胸;E.触角;F.前足;G.腹;H.整体侧面观;I.中足;J.后足

Fig.4 Coccophagus lycimnia Walker, female Note:A.Head front view; B.Fore wing; C.Hind wing; D.Thorax; E.Antenna; F.Fore leg;G.Abdomen; H.Lateral morphological characteristics of female Coccophagus lycimnia Walker; I.Mid leg; J.Hind leg

图5 松毛虫楔缘金小蜂Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig(♀) 注:A.触角;B.整体侧面观;C.腹;D.胸;E.并胸腹节;F.前翅

Fig.5 Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig, female Note:A.Antenna; B.Lateral morphological characteristics of female Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig;C.Abdomen; D.Thorax; E.Propodeum; F.Fore wing.

表1 获得的4种寄生蜂数量及各寄生蜂的雌雄比

Tab.1 The number of four parasitoids and the sex ratio of each parasitoid

种名 Species	数量 Number (头)	所占比例 Propor- tion(%)	雌性数量 Number of females (头)	雄性数量 Number of males (头)	雌雄比 Female to male ratio
球蚧跳小蜂 Encyrtus infidus Rossi	114	65.14	65	49	1.33∶1
球蚧花角跳小蜂 Blastothrix sericea Dalman	37	21.14	21	16	1.31∶1
赖食蚧蚜小蜂 Coccophagus lycimnia Walker	23	13.14	17	6	2.83∶1
松毛虫楔缘金小蜂 Pachyneuron solitarium Hartig	1	0.57	1	0

图6 球蚧跳小蜂和球蚧花角跳小蜂的雌雄寿命天数比

Fig.6 The comparison of Life span between Encyrtus infidus Rossi and Blastothrix sericea Dalman

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朝鲜球坚蚧成虫寄生蜂资源调查

Investigation of parasitoids of Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius

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