滴灌春小麦水分截获量及植株氮素积累与分配特征

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.09.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9): 1569-1578.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.09.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 下一篇

滴灌春小麦水分截获量及植株氮素积累与分配特征

杨建平¹, 李鹏兵¹, 卢伟鹏¹, 张龙龙¹, 李召峰¹, 李卫华¹, 姜东²

1.石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000,
2.南京农业大学国家信息农业工程技术中心,南京 210000

收稿日期:2019-07-10 发布日期:2019-10-30
通信作者: 李卫华(1968-),女,新疆伊犁人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为小麦品质性状的遗传与改良,(E-mail)lwh_agr@shzu.edu.cn
姜东(1970-),男,山东烟台人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为作物生理生态,(E-mail) jiangd@njau.edu.cn
作者简介:杨建平(1996-) ,男,甘肃白银人,硕士,研究方向为作物生理生态, (E-mail)18299080476@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金新疆地区联合基金重点项目(U1803235);新疆生产建设兵团现代农业科技攻关与成果转化计划(2016AC027)

Study on Received Irrigation Water and Plant Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation

YANG Jian-ping¹, LI Peng-bing¹, LU Wei-peng¹, ZHANG Long-long¹, LI Zhao-feng¹, LI Wei-hua¹, JIANG Dong²

1.Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops / College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China,
2 National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210000,China

Received:2019-07-10 Published:2019-10-30
Correspondence author: LI Wei-hua(1968-),Female, Xinjiang Yili, professor, doctoral tutor, research direction is the inheritance and improvement of wheat quality traits ,(E-mail)lwh_agr@shzu.edu.cn
JIANG Dong(1970-),male,Shandong, Yantai, professor, doctoral tutor, research direction is the crop physiological ecology, (E-mail) jiangd@njau.edu.cn
Supported by:
Supported bytie Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nature - Xinjiang Joint Fund (U1803235);Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Research and Achievement Transformation Plan (2016AC027)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究“1管6滴灌模式”下,滴灌春小麦水分截获量及不同品种远近行氮素积累与转运特征,分析其对籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。【方法】在“1管6滴灌模式”下,春小麦品种来自新疆、内蒙古、宁夏等不同地区的7个品种(系),研究距滴管带远近不同行(距滴管带最近行记为R1、中间行记为R2、最远行记为R3)在小麦发育关键时期开花期与成熟期植株各部位的氮素积累量。【结果】“1管6滴灌模式”下,小麦生长的重要阶段拔节期-孕穗期与孕穗期-开花期远行R3灌水截获量为59与56 mm,与该时段最大蒸散量62与43 mm相近;小麦品种开花期各器官氮营养指数、开花期与成熟期各器官氮素积累量、转运氮、籽粒蛋白质的行间降低幅度均小于灌水截获量的降低幅度(R2与R3相对于R1依次降低33.6%与60.3%);小麦花前氮素转运率、转运氮对籽粒的贡献率、氮收获指数R2与R3相对于R1依次升高(津强7号花前氮素转运率、转运氮对籽粒的贡献率依次降低);各器官开花期氮素积累量与再转运氮素呈正相关,相关系数为0.811,茎鞘、叶片、穗的再转运氮与对应的开花期氮营养指数呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.403、0.643、0.717,籽粒氮素积累量与再转运氮、花后氮素积累均呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.498与0.737。【结论】“1管6滴灌模式”下,小麦各行作物生长的关键时期不会受到水分胁迫;植株体内营养状况越好,花前氮素转运量越大;籽粒氮素主要来源于花前氮素的转运,“1管6滴灌模式”下,远行R2与R3的花前氮素转运率、转运氮对籽粒的贡献率、氮收获指数相对于R1会升高。

关键词: 小麦; 滴灌; 氮素; 转运; 分配; 氮营养指数

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to clarify the received irrigation water and plant nitrogen accumulation and distribution characteristics in one tube serving six rows of drip irrigation and their effects on grain protein content. 【Method】 Seven spring wheat varieties from different regions such as Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia were planted by one tube that serves 6 wheat rows of drip irrigation. Nitrogen accumulation in different parts of plants from the different rows from the burette (the nearest line to the drip tube was R1, the middle line was R2 and the farthest line was denoted as R3) was investigated in the critical periods of the development of wheat: in anthesis and maturity.【Results】Under the condition of one tube that served 6 wheat rows of drip irrigation, during the important stage of plant growth: the jointing-booting stage and booting-flowering stage, the amount of received irrigation water of R3 were 59 and 56 mm, which were similar to the maximum evapotranspiration of 62 and 43 mm in this period. The nitrogen nutrition index at anthesis, nitrogen accumulation, transshipment of nitrogen and grain protein of each organ of the experimental varieties at flowering and mature stages decreased less than the reduced amplitude of the received irrigation water (R2 and R3 decreased by 33.6 and 60.3 relative to R1; The redistribution nitrogen rate, the contribution rate of transport nitrogen to the grain, and the nitrogen harvest index of experimental varieties, R2 and R3 increased in turn with respect to R1. (The rate of nitrogen transport and the contribution rate of transport nitrogen to the grain of Jinqiang No.7 were decreased in this order). The nitrogen accumulation of each organ in anthesis was positively correlated with redistribution nitrogen, and the correlation coefficient was 0.811. The redistribution nitrogen of stem, sheath, leaf and ear were positively correlated with the corresponding nitrogen nutrition index at flowering stage, and the correlation coefficient was 0.403, 0.643 and 0.717, respectively; the nitrogen accumulation of grain was positively correlated with redistribution nitrogen and post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation, and the correlation coefficients were 0.498 and 0.737, respectively. 【Conclusion】In one tube serving six rows of drip irrigation, the key period of crop growth of wheat was not affected by water stress; the nitrogen nutrition index was high, the more nitrogen was transported to grain;the nitrogen of grain was mainly derived from the redistribution nitrogen, the redistribution nitrogen rate, the contribution rate of transport nitrogen to the grain, and the nitrogen harvest index of experimental varieties, R2 and R3 increased in turn with respect to R1.

Key words: wheat; drip irrigation; nitrogen; accumulation; distribution; nitrogen nutrition index

中图分类号:

S512

杨建平, 李鹏兵, 卢伟鹏, 张龙龙, 李召峰, 李卫华, 姜东. 滴灌春小麦水分截获量及植株氮素积累与分配特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(9): 1569-1578.

YANG Jian-ping, LI Peng-bing, LU Wei-peng, ZHANG Long-long, LI Zhao-feng, LI Wei-hua, JIANG Dong. Study on Received Irrigation Water and Plant Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(9): 1569-1578.

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滴灌春小麦水分截获量及植株氮素积累与分配特征

Study on Received Irrigation Water and Plant Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation

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