对等密度条件下机采棉不同种植模式的综合评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.04.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究等密度条件下北疆机采棉最优的种植模式。【方法】以棉花品种新陆早57号(株型松散)、新陆早48号(株型紧凑)为材料,进行一膜三行(R3)、一膜四行(R4)、一膜六行(R6)三种种植模式等密度种植,测定棉花生长发育、脱叶采收效果以及产量品质指标,分析种植模式对不同株型结构棉花的影响,综合评价不同种植模式的生产适用性。【结果】一膜三行模式棉花较一膜四行、一膜六行模式生育期提前2~6 d且棉花株高、果枝始节高表现较优,更利于后期的机械采收;增大种植行距会提高棉花的脱叶率、吐絮率,棉花叶片的挂枝率也会因株距减小而增加;种植模式对棉花产量影响较大,而对品质无明显影响;株型松散型棉花较株型紧凑型棉花更容易受到种植模式的影响。【结论】等密度条件下,棉花品种在一膜三行模式下的整体表现优于一膜四行、一膜六行模式,适合在生产中推广应用。

关键词: 棉花; 机采棉; 种植模式; 等密度; 综合评价

Abstract: 【Objective】 To establish the optimal planting mode of mechanized cotton picking in Northern Xinjiang under the condition of equal density. 【Method】 Xinluzao 57 (loose plant type) and Xinluzao 48 (compact plant type) were used as experimental materials and three planting modes with equal density were planted, namely, three rows with one film, four rows with one film and six rows with one film. By measuring the growth and development of cotton, the effect of defoliation harvesting and the yield and quality of cotton, the effects of planting modes on cotton with different plant types and structures were explored, and the effects of different planting modes on cotton varieties were evaluated comprehensively. 【Result】 The growth period of cotton in one-film three-row mode was 2-6 days earlier than that in one-film four-row and one-film six-row model, and the plant height and fruit branch initial node height of cotton were better, which was more conducive to later mechanical harvesting. The increase of row spacing would increase the defoliation rate and boll-opening rate of cotton, and the branch-hanging rate of cotton leaves would also increase with the decrease of plant spacing; The planting pattern has a great effect on the yield of cotton, but had no obvious effect on the quality of cotton; Loose plant type cotton was more susceptible to the influence of planting pattern than compact plant type cotton. 【Conclusion】 Under the condition of equal density, the overall performance of cotton varieties under the three-row mode with one film was better than that under the four-row and six-row modes with one film, which was suitable for popularization and application in production

Key words: cotton; planting mode; equal density; comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

S562

杨培, 陈振, 阿不都卡地尔·库尔班, 张伟涛, 黄有兴, 张巨松. 对等密度条件下机采棉不同种植模式的综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(4): 599-609.

YANG Pei, CHEN Zhen, Abudukadier Kuerban, ZHANG Wei-tao, HUANG-You-xing,ZHANG Ju-song. Comprehensive Evaluation of Different Planting Modes of Machine-picked Cotton under the Equal Density Condition[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(4): 599-609.

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