不同外源物质对化学封顶棉花生物量及产量品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.03.003

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 411-421.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.03.003

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

不同外源物质对化学封顶棉花生物量及产量品质的影响

阿力木江·克来木¹, 赵强¹, 占东霞¹, 努尔曼古丽·巴图尔¹, 崔延楠¹, 娄善伟²

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 国家棉花工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2018-11-20 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-06-25
通信作者: 赵强(1981-),男,安徽灵璧人,副教授,研究方向为作物化学控制原理与技术,(E-mail)qiangzhao99@163.com
作者简介:阿力木江·克来木(1992-),男,新疆库尔勒人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物化学控制原理与技术,(E-mail)alim002@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(3156100654);自治区重点研发任务专项 (2016B01001-2);农业部重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201803)

Effects of Different Exogenous Substances on Biomass, Yield and Quality of Chemically Capped Cotton

Alimujiang Kelaimu¹, ZHAO Qiang¹, ZHAN Dong-xia¹, Nuermanguli Batuer^l, CUI Yan-nan¹, LOU Shan-wei²

1.College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052 China;
2. National Cotton Engineering Technology Research Center,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091 China

Received:2018-11-20 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-06-25
Correspondence author: ZHAO Qiang (1981－) ,male,Anhui Lingbi,associate professor,research direction: principles and techniques of cropchemical control,(E- mail) qiangzhao99@ 163.com
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (3156100654); Special Project of Key R & D Tasks of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2016B01001-2); Open Project of Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture (25107020-201803)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究盛花期喷施不同外源物质对化学封顶棉花叶绿素含量、生物量积累、产量形成及纤维品质的影响,优化化学封顶技术,为优质棉生产提供理论依据。方法以棉花品种新陆早72号为材料,盛花期(7月17日)喷施8种不同外源物质,分别为:T1,0.4 mmol/L 6-BA;T2, 35 mmol/L 辛酸甲酯;T3, 30 g/hm²调酸环钙;T4, 35 mmol/L癸酸甲酯;T5, 0.24 mmol/L复硝酚钠;T6, 0.056 mmol/L DA-6;T7, 0.096 mmol/L NAA;T8, 0.01 mmol/L 三十烷醇;CK, 清水。在喷施药后0、14、28和 42 d 时测定9 株代表性棉株各部位的干物质重,在喷施药后0、7、14和21 d 时测定棉花倒四叶片叶绿素含量的影响。结果 8 种外源物质在改善棉花叶绿素含量,生物量、产量及品质上均有一定作用,辛酸甲酯(T2)、萘乙酸钠(T7)、复硝酚钠(T5)调环酸钙(T3)等能提高叶绿素含量,增加生物量积累,提高籽棉产量,利于品质提升,其中辛酸甲酯(T2)与对照比能显著提高叶绿素含量10%以上、有利于生物量积累与分配,单株铃数增加9.15%,籽棉产量增加25.50%,提高纤维长度、整齐度、比强度、伸长率等整体效果最优。结论在盛花期叶面喷施不同外源物质可以有效的提高叶绿素含量,成铃数、铃重增加及纤维长度,增长效果明显。辛酸甲酯能显著提高叶绿素含量、干物质积累与分配,并提高单铃重和籽棉产量,其次萘乙酸钠、复硝酚钠、调环酸钙、6-BA处理。

关键词: 棉花; 不同外源物质; 化学封顶; 生物量; 产量; 纤维品质

Abstract: Objective The effects of spraying different exogenous substances on chlorophyll content, biomass accumulation, yield formation and fiber quality of chemically capped cotton were studied by field experiments in order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing chemical capping technology and promoting high quality cotton production. Methods The cotton variety Xinluzao 72 was used as the test material. During the full bloom period (July 17th), 8 different exogenous substances were sprayed: T1, 0.4 mmol/L 6-BA; T2, 35 mmol/L octanoic acid. Methyl ester; T3, 30 g/hm² acid-regulating calcium; T4, 35 mmol/L methyl citrate; T5, 0.24 mmol/L sodium nitrophenolate; T6, 0.056 mmol/L DA-6; T7, 0.096 mmol/L NAA; T8, 0.01 mmol/L triacontanol; CK, clear water. The dry matter weight of each representative cotton plant was measured at 0 d, 14 d, 28 d and 42 d after spraying. The effect of chlorophyll content on the four leaves of cotton was determined at 0 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d after spraying Results The results showed that 8 kinds of exogenous substances had certain effects on improving cotton chlorophyll content, biomass, yield and quality. Methyl octanoate (T2), sodium naphthalene acetate (T7) and sodium nitrophenolate (T5) were adjusted. Calcium acid (T3) could increase chlorophyll content, increase biomass accumulation, increase seed cotton yield, and improve quality. Among them, methyl octanoate (T2) and CK could significantly increase chlorophyll content by more than 10%, which was beneficial to biomass accumulation and distribution. The number of bolls per plant was increased by 9.15% and the yield of seed cotton was increased by 25.50%. The overall effect of increasing fiber length, uniformity, specific strength and elongation was the best. Conclusions Spraying different exogenous substances on the foliage during the full bloom period can effectively increase the chlorophyll content, the number of bolls, increase the boll weight and the length of the fiber, and the growth effect is obvious. Methyl octanoate can significantly increase chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and increase single boll weight and seed cotton yield, followed by sodium naphthaleneacetate, sodium nitrophenolate, calcium cyclamate, and 6-BA.

Key words: cotton; different exogenous substances; chemically capped ; biomass; yield; fiber quality

中图分类号:

S562

阿力木江·克来木, 赵强, 占东霞, 努尔曼古丽·巴图尔, 崔延楠, 娄善伟. 不同外源物质对化学封顶棉花生物量及产量品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(3): 411-421.

Alimujiang Kelaimu, ZHAO Qiang, ZHAN Dong-xia, Nuermanguli Batuer, CUI Yan-nan, LOU Shan-wei. Effects of Different Exogenous Substances on Biomass, Yield and Quality of Chemically Capped Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(3): 411-421.

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不同外源物质对化学封顶棉花生物量及产量品质的影响

Effects of Different Exogenous Substances on Biomass, Yield and Quality of Chemically Capped Cotton

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