降解地膜降解后对土壤增温保墒及棉花生长的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.10.016

新疆农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (10): 1895-1901.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.10.016

降解地膜降解后对土壤增温保墒及棉花生长的影响

崔磊¹,王斌¹,孙九胜¹,胡伟¹,周经纶²,王金鑫¹,祁通¹,黄建¹,王新勇¹

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.山东大学化学与化工学院特种功能聚集体材料教育部重点实验室,济南 250100

发布日期:2019-01-24
通信作者: 王金鑫(1985-),男,山东临沭人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为作物营养与施肥,(E-mail)wjxin345@sohu.com
作者简介:崔磊(1983-),男,陕西铜川人,研究实习员,研究方向为作物营养与施肥,(E-mail)47406097@qq.com
基金资助:
农业部公益性行业专项(201503105);国家自然科学基金项目(31660606);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发(2016B02017-4);自治区科研机构创新发展专项资金(2016D04012)

Effects of Degradation Plastic Film Mulch on Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Conservation and Cotton Growth

CUI Lei¹, WANG Bin¹, SUN Jiu-sheng¹, HU Wei¹, WANG Jin-xin¹, ZHOU Jin-guan²,QI Tong¹, HUANG Jian¹, WANG Xin-yong¹

1.Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Urumqi 830091, China;2. Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials (Shandong University, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong, Jinan Shandong 250100, China

Published:2019-01-24
Correspondence author: WANG Jin-xin(1985-),male,ShandongLinshu, Doctor, associate research fellow, Mainly engaged in crop nutrition and fertilization research, (E-mail)wjxin345@sohu.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究氧化-生物双降解地膜的降解效果及对土壤增温保墒性能、棉花产量的影响,为棉花生产筛选出合适的氧化-生物双降解地膜。【方法】 田间对比试验,设4个处理,TZ1、TZ2、TZ3 处理为降解地膜处理,CK为普通地膜处理。【结果】 在棉花整个生育期CK处理未发生降解。而各3种氧化-生物双降解地膜的降解速度和降解程度均不同。在铺设33 d时几乎没有发生降解,在铺膜后约105 d TZ1处理地膜已完全降解成碎末;收获时TZ2降解率为56.7%~66.2%,而TZ3降解率不足5%;3种氧化-生物双降解地膜中,当TZ1完全降解时所需时间为100 d。使用氧化-生物双降解地膜的棉花产量与常规膜无显著差异;在棉花不同生育期,各处理茎粗无显著差异,但6月TZ1、TZ2处理棉花株高显著低于TZ3处理;膜下0~10 cm处,土壤增温保墒能力顺序为:CK＞TZ3＞TZ2＞TZ1。【结论】 氧化-生物双降解地膜过早降解显著降低土壤温度、土壤水分,但对棉花产量无显著影响。降解地膜降解的彻底性和降解时间的可控性仍有较大提升空间。

关键词: 棉花; 降解地膜; 降解率; 土壤温度; 土壤水分

Abstract: 【Objective】 In view of the degradation process of degradable film in crop growth stage, the project aims to study the effect of oxo-biodegradation film on soil temperature and moisture conservation and cotton yield by field comparison experiments in the hope of suitable oxo-biodegradable mulching film for local cotton production.【Method】 Four treatments were set up in the experiment, TZ1,TZ2,TZ3 treatment as degradation film treatment, CK treatment as common mulching film treatment.【Result】 The results showed that the degradation rate and degree of the oxo-biodegradable mulching films were different and CK treatment did not degrade during the whole growth period of cotton. Almost no degradation occurred at 33 days after laying, and the film was completely degraded into debris after about 105 d TZ1 treatment. At harvest, the TZ2 degradation weight loss was 56.7%-66.2%, while the TZ3 degradation weight loss was less than 5%; When TZ1 was completely degraded, the time required was 100 d. There was no significant difference between the oxo-biodegradable mulch film and the ordinary plastic mulch film in cotton yield; In different stages of cotton, the stem diameter had no significant difference, while the cotton plant height in June of TZ1 and TZ2 treatments were significantly lower than that of TZ3 treatment; The order of soil temperature and soil moisture retention capacity at 0-10 cm under film was CK＞TZ3＞TZ2＞TZ1.【Conclusion】 Premature fracture of oxo-biodegradable mulching film greatly reduced soil moisture & soil temperature, but there was no significant effect on cotton yield, so there is still room for improving the controllability and the thoroughness of the oxo-biodegradable mulching film.

Key words: cotton; oxo-biodegradable film; degradation rate; soil temperature; soil moisture

中图分类号:

S562

崔磊,王斌,孙九胜,胡伟,周经纶,王金鑫,祁通,黄建,王新勇. 降解地膜降解后对土壤增温保墒及棉花生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(10): 1895-1901.

CUI Lei, WANG Bin, SUN Jiu-sheng, HU Wei, WANG Jin-xin, ZHOU Jin-guan,QI Tong, HUANG Jian, WANG Xin-yong. Effects of Degradation Plastic Film Mulch on Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Conservation and Cotton Growth[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(10): 1895-1901.

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降解地膜降解后对土壤增温保墒及棉花生长的影响

Effects of Degradation Plastic Film Mulch on Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Conservation and Cotton Growth

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