控失尿素施用量及不同配比对棉花产量与氮肥利用的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.05.004

新疆农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 813-820.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.05.004

控失尿素施用量及不同配比对棉花产量与氮肥利用的影响

马腾飞¹,李青军²,张炎²,哈丽哈什·依巴提²,张鹏忠¹,姜婷婷¹

1.国家棉花工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-07-25
通信作者: 李青军(1979-),男,河南新乡人,副研究员,研究方向为植物营养与施肥,(E-mail)gyqc@163.com
作者简介:马腾飞(1984-),男,河南开封人,助理研究员,研究方向为植物营养施肥,(E-mail)matengfei1983 @163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0201900);国家科技支撑项目“棉花高产高效关键技术研究与示范”(2014BAD11B02);自治区重点研发“棉花节本增效技术体系集成与示范应用”(2016B01001-5);新疆农业科学院青年基金项目“土壤硝态氮含量对棉花氮素吸收关系研究”(xjnkq-2017014)

Effects of Application Amount and Different Proportion of Loss-Control Urea on Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton

MA Teng-fei¹,LI Qing-jun²,ZHANG Yan²,Halihashi Yibat²,ZHANG Peng-zhong¹, JIANG Ting-ting¹

1.National Cotton Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830091,China;
2. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Urumqi 830091, China

Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-07-25
Correspondence author: LI Qing-jun(1979-),male, native place:Henan, Associate professor,Research filed:Corp nutrient management and fertilization techniques,(E-mail)gyqc@163.com
Supported by:
National Key R＆D Program of China "Technical integration and demonstration of reducing fertilizer and pesticide and increasing the efficiency on cotton" (2017YFD0201900); National science and technology supporting project "The research and demonstration about key technology in high yield and high efficiency of cotton"(2014BAD11B02); The Key Technology R ＆D Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "The technical efficiency of cotton cost system integration and demonstration application "(2016B01001 -5); The Young Foundation Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultrual Scienses "Study on the Correlation between Nitrogen Content and nitrogen uptake on Cotton"(xjnkq-2017014)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究控失尿素、普通尿素不同配比对棉花生长发育、氮素吸收及产量的影响。【方法】田间小区试验,试验设8个处理,(1)CK:不施氮肥;(2)常规尿素:施N 225 kg/hm²;(3)等氮量控失尿素:施N 225 kg/hm²;(4)控失尿素减量20%:施N 180 kg/hm²;(5)控失尿素减量30%:施N 157.5 kg/hm²;(6)控失尿素与常规尿素7∶3配比:施N 225 kg/hm²;(7)控失尿素与常规尿素5∶5配比:施N 225 kg/hm²;(8)控失尿素与常规尿素3∶7配比:施N 225 kg/hm²,测定棉花干物质、氮素吸收量和产量,明确棉花干物质、氮素吸收、产量与控失尿素配施常规尿素的关系。【结果】与常规尿素相比,控失与常规尿素7∶3配比能显著增加棉花干物质量,提高棉花产量,增产14.34%;提高棉花氮肥利用率,氮肥利用率增加了10.2百分点;控失尿素减量20%处理与常规尿素处理的棉花干物质与产量大体相同,控失尿素减量30%处理显著低于常规尿素处理,产量降低了5.85%;控失尿素减量20%处理与常规尿素处理的棉花N素吸收量大体相同,但大幅度提高了氮肥利用率,利用率增加了11.26百分点。【结论】用控失尿素和控失尿素与常规尿素配施均提高棉花氮肥利用率,其中控失与常规尿素7∶3配比效果最好。

关键词: 棉花; 控失尿素; 氮素吸收; 氮肥利用率; 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of different ratios of loss-control urea and common urea on cotton growth, nitrogen uptake and yield were studied through field plot experiments.【Method】 Eight treatments were designed to research the effects of loss-control urea and common urea on accumulation rate for plant dry matters, nitrogen uptake and yield of cotton,they were CK (N 0 kg/hm²), conventional urea (N 225 kg/hm²), loss-control urea (N 225 kg/hm²), 80% loss-control urea (N 180 kg/hm²), 70% loss-control urea (N 157.5 kg/hm²), 70% loss-control urea + 30% conventional urea (total of N 225 kg/hm²), 50% loss-control urea + 50% conventional urea (total of N 225 kg/hm²), 30% loss-control urea + 70% conventional urea (total of N 225 kg/hm²).【Result】 The results showed that compared to the loss-control urea and common urea treatments, the application of 70% loss-control urea + 30% common urea could significantly increase the plant dry matters and yield of cotton by 14.34%, increase fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency by 10.2 percentage point; the treatments of 80% loss-control urea and common urea did nearly the same to the plant dry matters and yield of cotton, compared with the common urea, the treatment of 70% loss-control urea could significantly reduce the yield of cotton by 5.85%; the treatment of 80% loss-control urea could significantly increase the fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency of cotton by 11.26 percentage point.【Conclusion】 The application of loss-control urea combined with conventional urea increased the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in cotton, and the 7∶3 ratio of loss-control urea and conventional urea was the best.

Key words: cotton; loss-control urea; nitrogen uptake; fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency; yield

中图分类号:

S562
S5-33

马腾飞, 李青军, 张炎, 哈丽哈什·依巴提, 张鹏忠, 姜婷婷. 控失尿素施用量及不同配比对棉花产量与氮肥利用的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(5): 813-820.

MA Teng-fei,LI Qing-jun,ZHANG Yan,Halihashi Yibat,ZHANG Peng-zhong, JIANG Ting-ting. Effects of Application Amount and Different Proportion of Loss-Control Urea on Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(5): 813-820.

参考文献 14

[1]	朱兆良,文启孝.中国土壤氮素 [M]. 南京:江苏科技出版社,1992:1 288-3 031.ZHU Zhao-liang, WEN Qi-xiao. (1992). Soil Quality of China [M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press: 1,288-3,031. (in Chinese)
[2]	张玉铭, 张佳宝, 胡春胜,等. 水肥耦合对华北高产农区小麦-玉米产量和土壤硝态氮淋失风险的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2011, 19(3):532-539.ZHANG Yu-ming, ZHANG Jia-bao, HU Chun-sheng , et al. (2011). Effect of fertilization and irrigation on wheat-maize yield and soil nitrate nitrogen leaching in high agricultural yield region in North China Plain [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 19(3): 532-539. (in Chinese)
[3]	张炎, 侯秀玲,王晓静,等.优化氮肥管理对膜下滴灌海岛棉产量和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报, 2006,15(4):122-125.ZHANG Yan, HOU Xiu-ling, WANG Xiao-jing, et al. (2006). Effect of Optimized Nitrogen Management on Sea Island Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality under Plastic Mulch by Drip Irrigation [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 15(4):122-125. (in Chinese)
[4]	郭金强, 危常州,侯振安,等.施氮量对膜下滴灌棉花氮素吸收、累积及其产量的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2008, 22(9), 139-142.GUO Jin-qiang, WEI Chang-zhou, HOU Zhen-an, et al. (2008).Effect of N Rates on N Uptake、Accumulation and Yield of Cotton under Drip Irrigation and Mulch [J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 22(9):139-142. (in Chinese)
[5]	候秀玲,张炎,王晓静,等.新疆超高密度棉田氮肥运筹对产量和氮肥利用的影响[J].棉花学报,2006,18(5):273-278.HOU Xiu-ling, ZHANG Yan, WANG Xiao-jing, et al. (2006).Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Nitrogen Using of Super High-density Cotton System [J]. Cotton Science, 18(5):273-278. (in Chinese)
[6]	荆小船.控失型复混肥的控失机理与特点[J].磷肥与复肥,2009,24(3):57-58.JING Xiao－chuan. (2009). The nutrient loss-controlling mechanism and features of loss－controlled compound fertilizer [J]. Phosphate ＆ Compound Fertilizer, 24(3):57-58. (in Chinese)
[7]	王向峰, 刘树庆, 宁国辉.缓控释肥料的氮素利用率及控制效果研究[J].华北农学报, 2006, 21(1):38-41.WANG Xiang-feng, LIU Shu-qing, NING Guo-hui. (2006). Study on the N Utilization Ratio and the Control Result of New Slow Controlled Release Fertilizers [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 21(1):38-41. (in Chinese)
[8]	李伶俐,马宗斌,林同保,等. 控释氮肥对棉花的增产效应研究[J] .中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(3): 45-47.LI Ling - Li, MA Zong - Bin, LIN Tong - Bao, et al. (2007). Effects of controlled release of N fertilizer on cotton yield [J] . Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 15(3): 45-47. (in Chinese)
[9]	李学刚,宋宪亮,孙学振,等. 控释氮肥对棉花叶片光合特性及产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(3):656-662.LI Xue-gang,SONG Xian -liang,SUN Xue-zhen, et al. (2010). Effects of controlled release N fertilizer on photosyn-thetic characteristics and yield of cotton [J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 16(3):656-662. (in Chinese)
[10]	孙强生,张民,苏秋红,等. 控释肥在盆栽棉花上的肥效研究[J].水土保持学报, 2006, 20(6): 133-136.SUN Qiang-sheng,ZHANG Min,SU Qiu-hong, et al. (2006). Effects of Controlled Release Compound Fertilizers on Growth of Potted Cotton [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 20(6): 133-136. (in Chinese)
[11]	李青军,张炎,胡国智,等.化肥配施添加剂NAM对棉花干物质、产量及养分吸收的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(4):134-137.LI Qing-jun, ZHANG Yan, HU Guo-zhi, et al. (2014). Eeffects combination of fertilizer and additive NAM on dry matter,yield and nutrient uptake of cotton [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 28(4):134-137. (in Chinese)
[12]	蒋迁,李磊,张凤路,等.控失肥与普通化肥对夏玉米养分积累与生长发育的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2016,31(4) :199-205.JIANG Qian, LI Lei, ZHANG Feng-lu, et al. (2016). Effects of Loss Control and Conventional Fertilizer on Nutrient Accumulation and Growth and Development of Summer Maize [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 31(4):199-205. (in Chinese)
[13]	白珊珊,万书勤,康跃虎, 等. 不同控失肥对冬小麦产量和肥料农学效率的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2017,32(1): 149-155.BAI Shan-shan, WAN Shu-qin, KANG Yue-hu, et al. (2017). Effect of Different Loss-control Fertilizers on Winter Wheat Yield and Agronomic Nutrient Efficiency [J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 32(1): 149-155. (in Chinese)
[14]	文祥朋,孙克刚,张琨,等. 控失尿素不同施用方式对水稻产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响[J].河南科学,2017,35(4):601-605.WEN Xiang-peng, SUN Ke-gang, ZANG Kun, et al. (2017). Effects of Different Application Methods of Lost Control Urea on Yield, Quality and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice [J]. Henan Science, 35(4): 601-605. (in Chinese)

[1]	陈茂光, 林涛, 张昊, 刘海军, 王一帆, 汤秋香. 地膜类型对棉花生长的影响及自身降解和回收特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2101-2108.
[2]	杨川, 张凯, 陈冰, 张慧, 柳萍, 常松, 盛建东. 棉花植株形态特征对不同水分状况的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2120-2127.
[3]	杨国江, 陈云, 林祥群, 何江勇, 刘盛林, 曲永清. 氮肥减施下有机肥替代对滴灌棉花产量、氮素吸收利用及土壤硝态氮的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2138-2145.
[4]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 孔德鹏, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 生物质炭施用量对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2146-2151.
[5]	王立红, 张宏芝, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 王春生, 夏建强, 樊哲儒. 不同产量水平冬小麦产量差异形成的干物质生产、转运及氮肥利用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2152-2162.
[6]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[7]	向莉, 王仙, 董裕生, 郭小玲, 方伏荣, 陈智军, 马艳明, 苗雨. 外源丁酸对干旱胁迫下大麦产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2173-2181.
[8]	杨红梅, 张跃强, 史应武, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 林青, 王宁, 楚敏, 曾军. 不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2182-2188.
[9]	马明杰, 赵经华, 李冬民, 杨胜春, 王克贤, 李池. 不同灌溉方式对苜蓿土壤水分与灌溉水利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2306-2313.
[10]	王心, 林涛, 崔建平, 吴凤全, 唐志轩, 崔来园, 郭仁松, 王亮, 郑子漂. 种植模式与灌溉定额对机采长绒棉产量及纤维品质形成的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1821-1829.
[11]	李雪玲, 郭俊先, 陈莉, 宋鹤岭, 张众. 不同覆膜宽度对棉花农田环境的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1840-1847.
[12]	董艳雪, 贾永红, 张金汕, 李丹丹, 王凯, 罗四维, 王润琪, 石书兵. 不同生态区环境下春小麦干物质积累及产量形成分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1848-1857.
[13]	李怀胜, 艾洪玉, 孟玲, 王贺亚, 张磊, 艾海峰. 减氮下运筹养分吸收高峰期追施比例对春小麦的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1866-1872.
[14]	张超, 白云岗, 郑明, 肖军, 丁平. 极端干旱区葡萄水肥协同效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1931-1939.
[15]	阳妮, 玛依拉·玉素音, 杨延龙, 李春平, 张大伟, 徐海江, 赖成霞. 黄萎病枯斑型与黄化型病症棉花叶片的植物挥发物对比[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1975-1986.

控失尿素施用量及不同配比对棉花产量与氮肥利用的影响

Effects of Application Amount and Different Proportion of Loss-Control Urea on Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 14

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics