新疆滴灌棉花打顶后激素分布动态与响应特征研究

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.08.004

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 1402-1413.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.08.004

新疆滴灌棉花打顶后激素分布动态与响应特征研究

吐尔逊江·买买提^1,2,3, 阿塔吾拉⁴, 郭江平³, 梁亚军³, 艾先涛³, 龚兆龙³, 郑巨云³, 田长彦¹

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.中国科学院研究生院,北京100049;
3.新疆农科院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
4.新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2017-05-13 发布日期:2020-07-22
通信作者: 田长彦(1961-),男,陕西山阳人,研究员、博士生导师,研究方向为土壤改良,植物营养与绿洲农业生态, (E-mail)tianchy@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:吐尔逊江·买买提(1972-),男,新疆人,研究员,研究方向为棉花遗传育种、棉花高产栽培,(E-mail)tursunjan15@126.com
基金资助:
自治区科技厅科研院所创新与发展专项“打顶棉花早衰机理研究”(2012024);自治区科技厅高技术发展专项“棉花超高产群体质量调控栽培关键技术研究与示范”(20131110)

Research on Hormone Dynamic Distribution and Responsive Characteristics of Drip Irrigation Cotton after Topping in Xinjiang

Tursunjan Maimaiti^1,2,3, Atawulla⁴, GUO Jiang-ping³, LIANG Ya-jun³, AI Xian-tao³, GONG Zhao-long³, ZHENG Ju-yun³, TIAN Chang-yan¹

1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Research Institute of Economic Crops Urumqi 830091;
4. Research Institute of Agro-products Storage and Processing,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2017-05-13 Published:2020-07-22
Correspondence author: Tian Chang-yan (1961-), male, Han, born in Shanyang County of Shaanxi Province, researcher and doctoral supervisor, research direction: soil improvement, plant nutrient and oasis farming ecological study, (E-mail) tianchy@ms.xjb.ac.cn
Supported by:
Special Innovation and Development Project of Scientific Research Institutions of Science & Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2012024) and Special High Tech Development Project of Science & Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (20131110)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究南疆滴灌棉花打顶后,对不同棉花品种根系性状和地上部器官发育以及5种激素分布的影响。揭示不同棉花品种滴灌棉栽培条件下花打顶后植株生长发育规律,激素分布差异;为南疆滴灌棉花高产、超高产栽培棉花全程动态量化调控栽培技术提供科学依据。【方法】选择新陆中42号作为试验品种,在南疆地区采用滴灌技术种植并打顶方法。【结果】(1)处理后6和12 h、第30 d打顶的根尖生长素(IAA)含量比不打顶分别增加3.9、4.7和28.63 ng/mL;根尖乙烯含量(ETH)不打顶处理的始终高于打顶处理,处理后3 h,打顶的根尖乙烯量没有明显变化,不打顶的根尖乙烯量上升47 ng/mL;处理后30 d打顶的根尖乙烯量下降72.99 ng/mL,不打的根尖乙烯量上升70.95 ng/mL;处理后3 h打顶的根尖和倒四叶细胞分裂素含量(CTK)下降,不打顶的根尖和倒四叶细胞分裂素含量分别上升1.7和0.5 μg/L;处理后3 h打顶的根尖脱落酸含量(ABA)下降0.1 μg/L,而不打顶的根尖脱落酸含量(ABA)没有明显变化;处理后6 h打顶的根尖脱落酸含量下降0.3 μg/L,不打顶的根尖脱落酸含量;升1 μg/L;处理后3、6和12 h、30 d打顶和不打顶的根尖和倒四叶赤霉素(GA)含量差异没有明显规律性。(2)处理后3、6和12 h、30 d打顶和不打顶的顶部和倒四叶生长素(IAA)含量差异没有明显规律性。处理后6 h,打顶的顶部乙烯量(ETH)上升154 ng/mL,不打顶的下降43 ng/mL;倒四叶乙烯含量(ETH)打顶的始终高于不打顶处理;处理后3、6和12 h、30 d打顶和不打顶的顶部和倒四叶生长素(CTK)含量差异没有明显规律性;处理后3和6 h打顶的顶部和倒四叶脱落酸含量(ABA)高于不打顶处理,处理后6 h打顶的倒四叶脱落酸含量上升27.4 μg/L,不打顶处理的下降29.1 μg/L;处理后3 h打顶的顶部赤霉素含量(GA)下降16.8 pmol/L,而不打顶的没有下降,不打顶的顶部赤霉素含量(GA)始终明显高于打顶处理。(3)植株农艺性状、产量、品质以及N、P、K养分的分布有一定的响应。【结论】棉花打顶有利于降低抑制性激素水平,有利于叶片叶绿素含量的提高,促进植物的生长发育,有助于提高产量而对品质无明显影响。

关键词: 滴灌棉花; 打顶; 激素分布; 响应特征; 动态变化

Abstract: 【Objective】 To research the influence on root characters, development of overground organ and distribution of five hormones of different varieties of topped cotton watered by drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang; To reveal the growth and development law and hormone distributional difference of cotton in different varieties after topping under the cultivation condition of drip irrigation; To provide scientific basis for high yield and ultra-high yield cultivation of Southern Xinjiang's cotton watered by drip irrigation and whole-journey dynamic quantization regulating techniques for cotton cultivation.【Method】Selecting Xinluzhong 42 as tested variety, using the technology of drip irrigation and planting topping experiment in the southern Xinjiang. 【Result】Research results: (1) The content ratio of IAA of root tip after topping for 6 hours, 12 hours and 30 days respectively increases by 3.9 ng/mL, 4.7 ng/mL, 28.63 ng/mL; the content of ETH of root tip with non-topping is always higher than that of topping, there is no obvious change in the content of ETH of root tip after topping for 3 hours, the content of ETH of root tip with non-topping increases by 47 ng/mL; the content of ETH of root tip after topping for 30 days decreases by 72.99 ng/mL, the content of ETH of root tip with non-topping increases by 70.95 ng/mL; the content of IAA of root tip and CTK of the top fourth leaf after topping for 3 hours decreases, the content of IAA of root tip and CTK of the top fourth leaf with non-topping relatively increases by 1.7 μg/L and 0.5 μg/L; the content of ABA of root tip after topping for 3 hours decreases by 0.1 μg/L, while there is no obvious change in the content of ABA of root tip with non-topping; the content of ABA of root tip after topping for 6 hours decreases by 0.3 μg/L, the content of ABA of root tip with non-topping increases by 1 μg/L; the content difference of the ETH of tip and GA of the top fourth leaf after topping for 3, 6, 12 hours and 30 days and that of non-topping shows no obvious regularity. (2) The content difference of the ETH of tip and IAA of the top fourth leaf after topping for 3, 6, 12 hours and 30 days and that of non-topping shows no obvious regularity. The content of ETH of tip after topping for 6 hours increases by 154 ng/mL, and that of non-topping decreases by 43 ng/mL; the content of ETH of the top fourth leaf after topping is always higher than that of non-topping; the content difference of the tip and CTK of the top fourth leaf after topping for 3, 6, 12 hours and 30 days and that of non-topping shows no obvious regularity; the content of the tip and ABA of the top fourth leaf after topping for 3 hours and 6 hours is higher than that of non-topping, the content of ABA of the top fourth leaf after topping for 6 hours increases by 27.4 μg/L, and that of no-topping decreases by 29.1 μg/L; the content of GA of the tip after topping for 3 hours decreases by 16.8 pmol/L, while that of non-topping does not decrease, the content of GA of the tip with non-topping is always obviously higher than that of topping. (3) The agronomic characters, yield and quality of the plants and the distribution of nutrients, such as N, P, K, have certain influence on it.【Conclusion】Cotton topping helps to reduce the inhibition of hormone levels, enhances the chlorophyll content of leaves, facilitates the growth and development of the plant, boosts production, but conducts no significant influence on quality.

Key words: drip irrigation cotton; topping; hormone distribution; responsive characteristics; dynamic change

中图分类号:

S562

吐尔逊江·买买提, 阿塔吾拉, 郭江平, 梁亚军, 艾先涛, 龚兆龙, 郑巨云, 田长彦. 新疆滴灌棉花打顶后激素分布动态与响应特征研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(8): 1402-1413.

Tursunjan Maimaiti, Atawulla, GUO Jiang-ping, LIANG Ya-jun, AI Xian-tao, GONG Zhao-long, ZHENG Ju-yun, TIAN Chang-yan. Research on Hormone Dynamic Distribution and Responsive Characteristics of Drip Irrigation Cotton after Topping in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(8): 1402-1413.

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新疆滴灌棉花打顶后激素分布动态与响应特征研究

Research on Hormone Dynamic Distribution and Responsive Characteristics of Drip Irrigation Cotton after Topping in Xinjiang

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