不同浓度乙烯利复配剂对棉花的打顶效应

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 272-278.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.002

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·种质资源·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

不同浓度乙烯利复配剂对棉花的打顶效应

路茜¹(), 李鹏兵², 李明华¹, 文明¹, 董志强¹, 芦阳³, 刘扬¹^,³(), 马富裕¹^,³()

1.石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态重点实验室, 新疆石河子 832003
2.新疆维吾尔自治区科技人才开发中心, 乌鲁木齐 830026
3.现代农业生产信息化管理与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心(新疆兵团), 新疆石河子 832003

收稿日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-03-31
通信作者: 刘扬(1989-),男,青海民和人,讲师,博士,研究方向为作物营养与精准栽培,(E-mail)ly.0318@163.com; 马富裕(1967-), 男,甘肃环县人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为作物水肥一体化精准栽培,(E-mail)1469633844@qq.com
作者简介:路茜(1995-),女,湖北钟祥人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)lx931995341@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201900);兵团财政科技计划(2020AB017);兵团财政科技计划(2020AB018);石河子大学青年创新人才培育计划项目-拔尖人才(2021-2023);石河子大学青年创新人才培育计划项目-拔尖人才(CXBJ202001)

Study on Roofing Effects of Different Concentration Ethephon Compound Reagents on Cotton

LU Xi¹(), LI Pengbing², LI Minghua¹, WEN Ming¹, DONG Zhiqiang¹, LU Yang³, LIU Yang¹^,³(), MA Fuyu¹^,³()

1. Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China
2. Science and Technology Talent Development Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830026, China
3. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Information Management and Application Technology for Modern Agricultural Production (XPCC), Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China

Received:2022-07-30 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-03-31
Correspondence author: LIU Yang (1989-), female, native place: Minhe Qinghai, lecturer, doctoral student, Research field: Crop Nutrition and Precision Cultivation, (E-mail) ly.0318@163.com; MA Fuyu (1967-), male, native place: Huanxian Gansu, professor, doctoral student, Research field: Precision Cultivation of Crop Water and Fertilizer Integration, (E-mail) 1469633844@qq.com
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0201900);XPCC Finance Science and Technology Project(2020AB017);XPCC Finance Science and Technology Project(2020AB018);Youth innovative Talents Cultivation Program of Shihezi University - Top-notch Talents(2021-2023);Youth innovative Talents Cultivation Program of Shihezi University - Top-notch Talents(CXBJ202001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同浓度乙烯利复配试剂对新疆北疆滴灌棉花生长发育及产量形成的规律,分析最适浓度组合,为棉花化学打顶技术的应用及推广提供理论依据。【方法】 以鲁棉研24为材料,设置5个不同浓度乙烯利(C₁: 0 mg/L、C₂: 100 mg/L、C₃: 200 mg/L、C₄: 400 mg/L、C₅: 800 mg/L)与烯效唑复配的组合试剂,研究不同复配试剂对北疆滴灌棉花生长发育及产量形成的影响。【结果】 相较于C₁处理,其它处理最终新生主茎长度降低10.9%~34.67%。与CK相比,C₁、C₂、C₃、C₄处理下株高均显著提高10.55%~21.26%;各处理均显著增加棉花果枝1.9~2.7台、显著提高棉花叶龄2~3.2;C₄、C₅处理下节间长分别显著缩短7.21%、7.75%;C₃处理下SPAD值在播种后101 d、125 d分别显著提高8.22%、8.46%;盛铃后期C₃处理下叶片、茎秆、生殖器官干物质重量分别显著提高16.97%、14.57%、38.68%,在吐絮期,C₃处理叶片、茎秆、生殖器官干物质重量显著提高22.56%、13.92%、36.6%;C₃处理上部成铃率高达47.5%,提高36.67%,下单株铃数显著提高18.18%,C₃处理下可增加籽棉880.5 kg/hm²,籽棉产量显著提高17.64%。【结论】 乙烯利与烯效唑复配可在一定程度上控制棉花株高,增加果枝台数、叶龄,缩短主茎节间长,提高SPAD值,增加各器官干物质重量,促进棉株上部成铃,最终提高产量。乙烯利浓度为200 mg/L时与烯效唑复配施用效果最佳,可用于棉花化学打顶。

关键词: 棉花; 化学打顶; 乙烯利; 烯效唑; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the rule of the growth and yield formation of cotton under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang with different concentrations of ethephon compound reagent, to seek the optimal concentration combination, and to provide theoretical basis for the application and promotion of cotton chemical topping technology. 【Method】 Luyanyan 24 was used as the test variety, and 5 ethephon with different concentrations (C₁: 0 mg/L, C₂: 100 mg/L, C₃: 200 mg/L, C₄: 400 mg/L, C₅:800 mg/L) combined with unidazole to study the effects of different compound reagents on the growth and yield formation of cotton under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang. 【Result】 Compared with C₁ treatment, the final length of new main stem was reduced by 10.9%-34.67% in other treatments.Compared with CK, plant height was significantly increased by 10.55%-21.26% under C₁, C₂, C₃ and C₄ treatments.Each treatment significantly increased fruit branches by 1.9-2.7 and leaf age by 2-3.2.Under C₄ and C₅ treatments, internode length was significantly reduced by 7.21% and 7.75%, respectively.Under C₃ treatment, SPAD value was significantly increased by 8.22% and 8.46% on 101 d and 125 d after sowing, respectively.The dry matter weight of leaves, stem and reproductive organs under C₃ treatment significantly increased by 16.97%, 14.57% and 38.68%, respectively, in the late bolling stage.The dry matter weight of leaves, stem and reproductive organs under C₃ treatment significantly increased by 22.56%, 13.92% and 36.6% in the stage of bolling.Under C₃ treatment, the boll-forming rate of the upper part was up to 47.5%, which increased by 36.67%, and the boll number per plant was significantly increased by 18.18%.Under C₃ treatment, the seed cotton yield was significantly increased by 17.64% and 880.5 kg/hm². 【Conclusion】 The combination of ethephon and enbulobuzol could control the plant height, increase the number of fruit branches and leaf age, shorten the internode length of main stem, increase the SPAD value, increase the dry matter weight of each organ, promote boll formation in the upper part of cotton plant to a certain extent, and finally increase the yield.All things considered, the ethephon concentration at 200 mg/L combined with enlobuzole effect is the best, which can be used for cotton chemical topping.

Key words: cotton; chemical topping; ethephon; uniconazole; yield

中图分类号:

S562

路茜, 李鹏兵, 李明华, 文明, 董志强, 芦阳, 刘扬, 马富裕. 不同浓度乙烯利复配剂对棉花的打顶效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 272-278.

LU Xi, LI Pengbing, LI Minghua, WEN Ming, DONG Zhiqiang, LU Yang, LIU Yang, MA Fuyu. Study on Roofing Effects of Different Concentration Ethephon Compound Reagents on Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(2): 272-278.

图/表 6

图1 不同处理下棉花新生主茎长度变化

Fig.1 Effects of different treatments on the length of new main stem of cotton

表1 各处理下棉花农艺性状变化

Table 1 Effects of different treatments on agronomic traits of cotton

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝台数 Number of fruit branches	节间长 Internode length (cm)	叶龄 Leaf age
C₁	91.07^a	11.2^a	5.45^a	16.7^a
C₂	89.83^a	11.0^a	5.44^a	16.5^a
C₃	86.83^ab	10.9^a	5.35^ab	16.2^ab
C₄	83.02^bc	10.5^a	5.15^b	16.1^ab
C₅	79.97^cd	10.4^a	5.12^b	15.5^b
CK	75.10^d	8.5^b	5.55^a	13.5^c

图2 不同处理下棉花SPAD值变化注:不同小写字母表示于 0.05 水平差异显著,下同

Fig.2 Effects of different treatments on SPAD value of cotton Note: Different letters on the columns indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level,the same as below.

图3 不同处理下棉花各器官干物质重量变化注:FF、EFB、FB、LFB、BO分别表示盛花期、盛铃前期、盛铃期、盛铃后期、吐絮期

Fig.3 Effects of different treatments on dry matter weight of cotton Note:FF, EFB, FB, LFB and BO represent flowering stage, pre-bolling stage, bolling stage, late bolling stage and bolling stage respectively

图4 不同处理下棉花成铃率和双铃率变化

Fig.4 Effects of different treatments on boll formation rate and double boll rate of cotton

表2 各处理下棉花产量及其构成因素变化

Table 2 Effects of different treatments on cotton yield and its components

处理 Treat- ment	单株铃数 Boll numbers per plant	单铃重 Boll weight (g)	籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm²)	衣分 Ginning outturn (%)
C₁	9.4^ab	5.95^a	5 257.84^ab	53.89^a
C₂	10.1^ab	6.00^a	5 670.08^ab	55.02^a
C₃	10.4^a	6.03^a	5 872.82^a	55.34^a
C₄	9.8a^b	6.04^a	5 505.49^ab	54.75^a
C₅	9.3a^b	6.01^a	5 207.19^ab	53.64^a
CK	8.8^b	6.09^a	4 992.32^b	52.95^a

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不同浓度乙烯利复配剂对棉花的打顶效应

Study on Roofing Effects of Different Concentration Ethephon Compound Reagents on Cotton

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