新疆冬小麦选育品种苗期耐盐性鉴定

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过盐胁迫下的冬小麦苗期植株变化,确定新疆冬小麦品种的耐盐能力,探索冬小麦抗盐种质的早期筛选方法,筛选新疆冬小麦抗盐品种,为冬小麦抗盐新品种的选育提供物质基础。【方法】以46个适宜新疆南北疆冬麦区种植的冬小麦选育品种为材料,采用水培法,研究供试品种苗期的耐盐性差异。【结果】不同供试新疆冬小麦品种的耐盐性具有较大差异,耐盐性强的品种有3个,分别是新冬18号、喀冬3号、黄河1号,这三个品种同时表现苗期丰产性;耐盐性较强的品种有2个;耐盐性中等的品种有21个,较弱的有17个;耐盐性弱的品种有3个。【结论】盐胁迫对冬小麦根生长的抑制作用强于对茎叶生长的抑制,苗期根部生长量可以作为冬小麦盐敏感的指标。

关键词: 冬小麦; 选育品种; 苗期; 耐盐性; 鉴定

Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aims to initially determine the slat tolerance of winter wheat through plant changes during wheat seedling stage under salt stress and explore the early screening methods of wheat salt tolerant germplasm, thus screening salt tolerant varieties of winter wheat in Xinjiang in the hope of providing the material basis for the breeding of new salt tolerant wheat varieties.【Method】46 cultivars of winter wheat suitable to be planted in southern and northern Xinjiang were chosen to be the experimental materials, and the water culture method was used to study the difference in salt tolerance of the tested cultivars at seedling stage.【Result】The salt tolerance of the tested winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang varied greatly. There were 3 varieties with strong salt tolerance, namely, Xindong 18, Kadong 3 and Honghe 1. These three species showed high yield at the seedling stage. There were 2 varieties with strong salt tolerance, 21 varieties with moderate salt tolerance, the rather weak ones were 17 and three had weak salt tolerance.【Conclusion】The correlation analysis of salt tolerance showed that the inhibitory effect on root growth was stronger than that on stem and leaf growth, so root length and root number can be regarded as a sensitive index for measuring winter wheat salt tolerance.

Key words: winter wheat; breeding cultivars; seedling stage; salt tolerance; identification; evaluation

中图分类号:

S512

马艳明, 刘敏, 冯魁, 颜国荣, 王莉, 肖菁, 刘宁. 新疆冬小麦选育品种苗期耐盐性鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(8): 1394-1401.

MA Yan-ming, LIU Min, FENG Kui, YAN Guo-rong, WANG Li, XIAO Jing, LIU Ning. Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Winter Wheat Cultivars in Xinjiang at Seedling Stage[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(8): 1394-1401.

参考文献

[1] Jiang Y., Deyholos, M. K. (2006). Comprehensive transcriptional profiling of NaCl-stressed arabidopsis roots reveals novel classes of responsive genes" BMC Plant Biology, (1): 25.
[2] Bot, A. J., Nachtergaele, F. O., & Young, A. (2000). Land resource potential and constraints at regional and country levels. World Soil Resources Reports.
[3]张建锋,张旭东,周金星,等.世界盐碱地资源及其改良利用的基本措施[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(6):28-30.
   ZHANG Jian-feng, ZHANG Xu-dong, ZHOU Jin-xing, et al. (2005). World Resources of Saline Soil and Main Amelioration Measures [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 12(6):28-30. (in Chinese)
[4]张冬梅,辛涛,米克拉依·吾甫尔.新疆小麦生产现状及增产潜力分析[J].中国农技推广,2014,30(11):9-10.
   ZHANG Dong-mei, XIN Tao, Mikelayi Wupuer. (2014). Analysis on Current situation and yield potential of wheat in Xinjiang [J]. China Agricultural Technology Extension, 30(11):9-10. (in Chinese)
[5]王萌萌,姜奇彦,胡正,等.小麦品种资源耐盐性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(2):189-194.
   WANG Meng-meng,JIANG Qi-yan,HU Zheng,et al. (2012). Evaluation for Salt Tolerance of Wheat Cultivars [J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,13(2):189-194. (in Chinese)
[6]马雅琴,翁跃进.引进春小麦种质耐盐性的鉴定评价[J].作物学报,2005,31(1):58-64.
   MA Ya-qin,WENG Yue-jin. (2005). Evaluation for Salt Tolerance in Spring Wheat Cultivars Introduced from Abroad [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 31(1): 58-64. (in Chinese)
[7]赵旭,王林权,周春菊,等.盐胁迫对不同基因型冬小麦发芽和出苗的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(4):108-112.
   ZHAO Xu, WANG Lin-quan, ZHOU Chun-ju, et al. (2005). Effects of salt stress on germination and emergence of different winter wheat genotypes [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 23(4):108-112. (in Chinese)
[8]张巧凤,陈宗金,吴纪中,等.小麦种质芽期和苗期的耐盐性鉴定评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(4) :620-626.
   ZHANG Qiao-feng,CHEN Zong-jin,WU Ji-zhong,et al. (2013). Screening for Salinity Tolerance at Germination and Seedling Stages in Wheat Germplasm [J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 14(4): 620-626. (in Chinese)
[9]刘丹,王建贺,王从磊,等.不同浓度盐胁迫对小麦萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2016,32(24):49-54.
   LIU Dan, WANG Jian-he, WANG Cong-lei, et al. (2016). Effect of Salt Stress Concentration on Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 32(24):49-54. (in Chinese)
[10]马洪波,宁运旺,陈杰,等.不同基因型小麦品种( 系) 的耐盐性评价[J]. 麦类作物学报,2012,32( 6) : 1 049-1 054.
   MA Hong-bo,NING Yun-wang,CHEN Jie,et al. (2012).Evaluation on Salt Tolerance of Different Genotypes of Wheat Cultivars (Strains) [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 32(6): 1,049-1,054. (in Chinese)
[11]吴纪中,刘妍妍,王冲,等.人工海水胁迫下小麦种质资源的耐盐性筛选与鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(5): 948-953.
   WU Ji-zhong,LIU Yan-yan,WANG Chong,et al. (2014). Screening and Identification of Wheat Germplasm for Salt Tolerance Using Artificial Sea Water [J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 15(5): 948-953. (in Chinese)
[12]李建疆,梁晓东,金平.新疆主要春小麦品种耐盐性鉴定[J].新疆农业科学,2007,44(Sl):78-80.
   LI Jian-jiang, LIANG Xiao-dong, JIN Pin. (2007). Identification of salt tolerance of Spring Wheat Varieties in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 44(S1):78- 80.(in Chinese)
[13]李剑峰,樊哲儒,张跃强,等.春小麦种质芽期和苗期耐盐性鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学,2014,51(9):1 583-1 590.
   LI Jian-feng,FAN Zhe-ru,ZHANG Yue-qiang,et al. (2014). Screening for Salt- resistance at Germination and Seeding Stages of Spring Wheat Germplasm [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 51(9):1,583-1,590. (in Chinese)
[14]任崴,罗廷彬,马林,等.新疆耐盐冬小麦新品系耐盐特性的研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(1):261-264.
   REN Wei, LUO Ting-bin,MA Lin, et al. (2010). Characteristics of salt-enduring on the salt-tolerant winter wheat lines in Xinjiang [J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 28(1):261-264. (in Chinese)
[15]曹俊梅,周安定,吴新元,等.盐胁迫对新疆三个冬小麦品种发芽及幼苗期耐盐性研究[J]. 新疆农业科学,2010,47(5):865-869.
   CAO Jun-mei, ZHOU An-ding, WU Xin-yuan, et al. (2010). Effect of Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Salt- tolerance of Three Winter Wheat Varieties of Xinjiang [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,47(5):865-869. (in Chinese)
[16] Bai, R. Q., Zhang, Z. Y., Hu, Y. C., Fan, M. S., & Schmidhalter, U. (2011). Improving the salt tolerance of chinese spring wheat through an evaluation of genotype genetic variation. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(10):1,173-1,178.
[17]时津霞,乔永利,杨庆文,等.以色列野生二粒小麦(Triticum dicorcoides) 耐盐性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(4) :369-373.
   SHI Jin-xia, QIAO Yong-li, YANG Qing-wen,et al. (2004). Evaluation of Salt Tolerance for Wild Emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) from Israel[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,5(4):369-373. (in Chinese)
[18]李树华,许兴,惠洪霞,等. 不同小麦品种( 系) 对盐碱胁迫的生理及农艺性状反应[J]. 麦类作物学报,2000,20(4):63-67.
   LI Shu-hua, XU Xing, HUI Hong-xia, et al. (2000). Salinity Stress on the Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat [J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 20(4): 63-67. (in Chinese)
[19] Jafar, M. Z., Farooq, M., Cheema, M. A., Afzal, I., Basra, S. M. A., & Wahid, M. A., et al. (2012). Improving the performance of wheat by seed priming under saline conditions. Journal of Agronomy & Crop Science,198(1): 38-45.
[20] Shakirova, F. M., Sakhabutdinova, A. R., Bezrukova, M. V., Fatkhutdinova, R. A., & Fatkhutdinova, D. R. (2003). Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedlings induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Science, 164(3): 317-322.