Effects of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer in different proportions and plant nutrients and sugar beet yield

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.009

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 1631-1639.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.009

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer in different proportions and plant nutrients and sugar beet yield

LU Weidan¹(), ZHOU Yuanhang¹, MA Xiaolong¹, GAO Jianglong¹, FAN Xiaoqin¹, GUO Jianfu¹, LI Jianqiang², LIN Ming¹()

1. Manas Agricultural Experimental Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Scinences,Manas Xinjiang 832299,China
2. College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2023-11-21 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-09-04
Correspondence author: LIN Ming
Supported by:
National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Ministy of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs(CARS-170724);Innovation Ability Training Project for Young Sci-Tech Backbone Talents Sponsored by Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2022009);Research and Production of Special Processing Technology for Light and small Seeds(2022PT01-2);Special funds for the central government to guide local science and technology development

不同比例有机肥替代化肥对甜菜植株养分及产量的影响

鲁伟丹¹(), 周远航¹, 马小龙¹, 高江龙¹, 樊晓琴¹, 郭建富¹, 李健强², 林明¹()

1.新疆农业科学院玛纳斯农业试验站,新疆玛纳斯 832299
2.中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京,100193

通讯作者: 林明
作者简介:鲁伟丹(1995-),女,新疆哈密人,研究实习员,研究方向为甜菜栽培育种,(E-mail)1466911066@qq.com
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-170724);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2022009);轻小型种子特殊加工工艺研究与生产(2022PT01-2);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient content, plant nutrient uptake, fertilizer utilization rate and sugar beet yield, so as to provide a scientific fertilizer program for achieving high and stable crop yield and soil fertilizer cultivation. 【Methods】A total of 7 treatments were set up: No fertilization control (CK), household conventional fertilization (CF), humic acid organic fertilizer replacing 10% chemical fertilizer (10%HF), humic acid organic fertilizer replacing 20% chemical fertilizer (20%HF), humic acid organic fertilizer replacing 30% chemical fertilizer (30%HF), humic acid organic fertilizer replacing 40% chemical fertilizer (40%HF), Humic acid organic fertilizer replacing 50% chemical fertilizer (50%HF). Soil nutrients, nutrient uptake by sugar beet plants, dry matter accumulation and sugar beet yield were measured. 【Results】The results showed that compared with conventional fertilizer treatment, the content of organic fertilizer in soil was increased by 2.37%-7.38% by humic acid fertilizer. Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 1.07%-11.39%, 10.65%-37.83% and 6.04%-14.68%, respectively. 30%HF and 40%HF increased significantly by 16.91% and 17.65% compared with CF treatment, respectively.【Conclusion】Compared with conventional application of chemical fertilizer by farmers, organic humic acid fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer in different proportions can significantly increase soil nutrient content, increase nutrient uptake of beet plants, increase dry matter accumulation of beet, and achieve the purpose of reducing chemical fertilizer, changing soil and increasing yield. Among them, organic fertilizer instead of 30% chemical fertilizer treatment has the better effect of increasing yield and improving soil fertility.

Key words: humic acid organic fertilizer; sugar bee; yield; soil nutrients

摘要：

【目的】研究不同比例有机肥替代化肥对土壤养分含量、植株养分吸收量、肥料利用率以及甜菜产量和质量的影响,为甜菜高产稳产、土壤培肥提供科学施肥依据。【方法】试验共设置7个处理:不施肥对照(CK),常规施肥(CF),腐殖酸有机肥替代10%化肥(10%HF),腐殖酸有机肥替代20%化肥(20%HF),腐殖酸有机肥替代30%化肥(30%HF),腐殖酸有机肥替代40%化肥(40%HF),腐殖酸有机肥替代50%化肥(50%HF)。测定土壤养分、甜菜植株养分吸收量以及甜菜干物质积累量、产量和品质。【结果】腐殖酸有机肥替代部分化肥处理较常规施肥处理增加土壤有机肥含量2.37%~7.38%;碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾分别增加1.07%~11.39%、10.65%~37.83%、6.04%~14.68%,30%HF与处理40%HF分别较CF处理显著增产16.91%与17.65%。【结论】腐殖酸有机肥替代不同比例化肥较常规施用化肥可以显著提升土壤养分含量,提高甜菜植株养分吸收量,增加甜菜干物质积累量、减施化肥、培肥土壤、增加产量,其中有机肥替代30%化肥处理增产与培肥地力的效果较优。

关键词: 腐殖酸有机肥, 甜菜, 产量, 土壤养分

CLC Number:

S566.3

LU Weidan, ZHOU Yuanhang, MA Xiaolong, GAO Jianglong, FAN Xiaoqin, GUO Jianfu, LI Jianqiang, LIN Ming. Effects of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer in different proportions and plant nutrients and sugar beet yield[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(7): 1631-1639.

鲁伟丹, 周远航, 马小龙, 高江龙, 樊晓琴, 郭建富, 李健强, 林明. 不同比例有机肥替代化肥对甜菜植株养分及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1631-1639.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

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处理 Treat- ments	化肥 Chemical fertilizer (kg/hm²)			有机肥 Organic fertilizer (kg/hm²)
处理 Treat- ments	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0
CF	180	225	150	0	0	0
10%HF	162	207	132	18	18	18
20%HF	144	189	114	36	36	36
30%HF	126	171	96	54	54	54
40%HF	108	153	78	72	72	72
50%HF	90	135	60	90	90	90

处理 Treat- ments	化肥 Chemical fertilizer (kg/hm²)			有机肥 Organic fertilizer (kg/hm²)
处理 Treat- ments	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅
CK	0	0	0	0	0	0
CF	180	225	150	0	0	0
10%HF	162	207	132	18	18	18
20%HF	144	189	114	36	36	36
30%HF	126	171	96	54	54	54
40%HF	108	153	78	72	72	72
50%HF	90	135	60	90	90	90

处理 Treatments	丛高 Plant height (cm)	叶片数 Number of blades	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	根长 Root length (cm)	根围 Rhizosphere (cm)	单根重 Single heavy (kg)
CK	71.29±1.04^e	20.86±1.78^d	189.64±21.16^b	33.00±4.06^a	41.70±4.12^b	1.03±0.03b
CF	77.96±1.64^d	20.67±1.03^d	199.52±13.68^b	34.60±3.51^a	42.60±4.62^b	1.10±0.04^b
10%HF	79.43±0.91^c	23.26±1.22^c	208.00±15.55^ab	34.70±1.72^a	46.20±3.82^ab	1.13±0.02^b
20%HF	82.71±1.87^a	24.46±1.35^abc	210.18±6.51^ab	38.40±4.51^a	48.30±5.65^a	1.25±0.09^a
30%HF	83.62±1.74^a	26.00±1.96^a	226.26±11.02^a	37.60±5.64^a	48.80±3.49^a	1.29±0.08^a
40%HF	83.46±1.95^a	25.10±1.72^ab	229.52±19.54^a	35.80±4.02^a	46.80±3.35^ab	1.30±0.03^a
50%HF	81.00±2.11^b	23.92±1.65^bc	213.8±11.92^ab	34.40±2.70^a	45.00±0.94^ab	1.23±0.03^a

处理 Treatments	丛高 Plant height (cm)	叶片数 Number of blades	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	根长 Root length (cm)	根围 Rhizosphere (cm)	单根重 Single heavy (kg)
CK	71.29±1.04^e	20.86±1.78^d	189.64±21.16^b	33.00±4.06^a	41.70±4.12^b	1.03±0.03b
CF	77.96±1.64^d	20.67±1.03^d	199.52±13.68^b	34.60±3.51^a	42.60±4.62^b	1.10±0.04^b
10%HF	79.43±0.91^c	23.26±1.22^c	208.00±15.55^ab	34.70±1.72^a	46.20±3.82^ab	1.13±0.02^b
20%HF	82.71±1.87^a	24.46±1.35^abc	210.18±6.51^ab	38.40±4.51^a	48.30±5.65^a	1.25±0.09^a
30%HF	83.62±1.74^a	26.00±1.96^a	226.26±11.02^a	37.60±5.64^a	48.80±3.49^a	1.29±0.08^a
40%HF	83.46±1.95^a	25.10±1.72^ab	229.52±19.54^a	35.80±4.02^a	46.80±3.35^ab	1.30±0.03^a
50%HF	81.00±2.11^b	23.92±1.65^bc	213.8±11.92^ab	34.40±2.70^a	45.00±0.94^ab	1.23±0.03^a

处理 Treatments	方程 Equation	t₀	t₁	t₂	△t	Vm	R²
CK	y=45.400 0/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{900 6-0}^.^{051 659}^x⁾)	95	69	120	51	0.59	0.998 6
CF	y=53.230 0/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{882 8-0}^.^{049 181}^x⁾)	99	73	126	54	0.65	0.9979
10%HF	y=54.595 4/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{694 0-0}^.^{047 222}^x⁾)	99	72	127	56	0.64	0.998 9
20%HF	y=61.333 2/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{600 8-0}^.^{044 477}^x⁾)	103	74	133	59	0.68	0.999 4
30%HF	y=69.268 5/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{559 6-0}^.^{041 995}^x⁾)	109	77	140	63	0.73	0.999 4
40%HF	y=67.081 4/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{577 0-0}^.^{042 664}^x⁾)	107	76	138	62	0.72	0.999 6
50%HF	y=57.703 1/(1+e⁽⁴^.^{956 7-0}^.^{050 796}^x⁾)	98	72	124	52	0.73	0.998 7

Effects of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer in different proportions and plant nutrients and sugar beet yield

不同比例有机肥替代化肥对甜菜植株养分及产量的影响

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