Effects of light on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. Seedlings

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.018

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To discuss the adaptation of S.tianschanica Rupr. to light intensity by analyzing the leaf stomata characteristics and photosynthetic physiological changes of Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. seedlings under different light intensity, in the hope of providing reference for the conservation and domestication of S.tianschanica Rupr. seedlings. 【Methods】 Two year seedlings of S.tianschanica Rupr. were used as materials, and four light gradients (L₁:50%, L₂:30%, L₃:10% and CK: 100%) were set up by sunshade nets with different number of needles to conduct pot experiments, and the changes of stomata characteristics, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of S.tianschanica Rupr. seedlings under different light intensities were analyzed. 【Results】 The seedlings of S.tianschanica Rupr. had the best growth under L₂ treatment, and their seedling height and ground diameter were the largest. The results showed that with the decrease of light intensity, the stomatal density of S.tianschanica Rupr. leaves gradually increased and there were significant differences among different treatments (P < 0.05), but the changes of leaf stomatal length, width, perimeter, area and opening under different light conditions were not significant (P > 0.05). The Pn, Gs and Tr of S.tianschanica Rupr. seedlings increased first and then decreased with the decrease of light intensity, and Ci increased gradually. Under L₂ treatment, the Pn of the leaves was the highest, 17.07 μmol/(m²·s). The Fv/Fm of the leaves increased with the decrease of light intensity, and the Fv/Fm of the leaves under all treatments was significantly higher than that under CK treatment (P < 0.05). The ETR of leaves reached the highest level in L₂ treatment, and there were significant differences in ETR of leaves between treatments (P < 0.05). The diameter of ФPSⅡ of the leaves was L₁ > L₂ > CK > L₃. The contents of Chl a, Chl b, Chl t and Car increased with the decrease of light intensity, and Chl a/b decreased with the decrease of light intensity. Light intensity was positively correlated with Pn and Tr (P < 0.01), and Fv/Fm was positively correlated with ETR, Chl a, Chl b and Chl t contents (P < 0.01). 【Conclusion】 The results show that the light intensity of L₂ treatment (light intensity of 30%) has more potential to promote photosynthesis and growth of S.tianschanica Rupr. seedlings. moderate shading should be carried out to improve the quality of seedlings and introduce and cultivate them.

Key words: light intensity; Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. seedlings; stomatal characteristics; photosynthesis; chlorophyll fluorescence

摘要：

【目的】分析不同光照强度下天山花楸幼苗叶片气孔特征及光合生理变化,探讨天山花楸对光照强度的适应,为天山花楸的保育及驯化引种提供参考。【方法】以天山花楸二年生幼苗为材料,通过不同针数遮阳网设置4个光照梯度处理(L₁:50%、L₂:30%、L₃:10%和CK:100%),进行盆栽试验,分析不同光照强度下天山花楸幼苗的生长、叶片气孔特性、光合荧光参数及叶绿素含量的变化。【结果】天山花楸幼苗在L₂处理下长势最好,其苗高和地径最大。随着光照强度的减弱,天山花楸叶片的气孔密度逐渐增加且在不同处理间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而叶片气孔的长度、宽度、周长、面积及开度在不同光照条件下变化不显著(P>0.05)。天山花楸幼苗叶片的Pn、Gs及Tr随着光照强度的减弱呈先上升后下降趋势,Ci呈逐渐上升趋势;L₂处理下,叶片的Pn最大,为17.07 μmol/(m²·s)。叶片Fv/Fm随光照强度减弱呈增加的趋势,各处理叶片的Fv/Fm显著高于CK处理(P<0.05);叶片ETR在L₂处理到达最高,且叶片的ETR在处理间均存在显著差异(P<0.05);叶片的ФPSⅡ表现为L₁>L₂>CK>L₃。叶片的Chl a、Chl b、Chl t和Car含量均随着光照强度减弱而增大,Chl a/b随着光照强度减弱而减小。叶片的光照强度与Pn、Tr呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),Fv/Fm与ETR、Chl a、Chl b和Chl t含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】L₂处理(光照强度为30%)的光照强度具有促进天山花楸幼苗光合作用和生长潜力,天山花楸提高苗木质量和引种栽培应适度遮阴。

关键词: 光照强度, 天山花楸幼苗, 气孔特征, 光合作用, 叶绿素

CLC Number:

S791.18

CHEN Bingquan, CHEN Hong, ZHAO Shanchao, GUO Laizhen, ZHAO Xin, CHEN Junjie, HAN Jue. Effects of light on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. Seedlings[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(5): 1208-1218.

陈兵权, 陈虹, 赵善超, 郭来珍, 赵鑫, 陈俊杰, 韩珏. 光照对天山花楸幼苗生长和光合特征的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(5): 1208-1218.

Figures/Tables 7

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处理 Treatments	气孔密度 Stomatal density (个/mm²)	长 Length (μm)	宽 Width (μm)	面积 Square (μm²)	周长 Circumference (μm)	开度 Aperture (μm)
CK	15.9±0.85^c	27.7±0.73^a	18.9±0.40^a	421.8±16.3^a	75.2±1.51^a	8.0±0.29^a
L₁	17.8±0.78^bc	29.4±0.86^a	19.19±0.65^a	457.8±24.01^a	78.6±2.10^a	8.8±0.27^a
L₂	19.6±0.74^b	27.9±0.89^a	18.84±0.58^a	429.4±25.28^a	75.6±2.25^a	8.0±0.40^a
L₃	22.7±1.57^a	26.4±1.06^a	18.68±0.40^a	405.9±11.66^a	73.9±1.06^a	8.8±0.34^a

处理 Treatments	气孔密度 Stomatal density (个/mm²)	长 Length (μm)	宽 Width (μm)	面积 Square (μm²)	周长 Circumference (μm)	开度 Aperture (μm)
CK	15.9±0.85^c	27.7±0.73^a	18.9±0.40^a	421.8±16.3^a	75.2±1.51^a	8.0±0.29^a
L₁	17.8±0.78^bc	29.4±0.86^a	19.19±0.65^a	457.8±24.01^a	78.6±2.10^a	8.8±0.27^a
L₂	19.6±0.74^b	27.9±0.89^a	18.84±0.58^a	429.4±25.28^a	75.6±2.25^a	8.0±0.40^a
L₃	22.7±1.57^a	26.4±1.06^a	18.68±0.40^a	405.9±11.66^a	73.9±1.06^a	8.8±0.34^a

处理 Treatments	叶绿素a Chl a (mg/g)	叶绿素b Chl b (mg/g)	总叶绿素 Chl t (mg/g)	类胡萝卜素 Car(mg/g)	叶绿素a/b Chl a/b
CK	2.05±0.02^d	0.53±0.03^c	2.58±0.04^c	0.69±0.01^c	3.92±0.23^a
L₁	2.51±0.06^c	0.79±0.09^b	3.30±0.14^b	0.78±0.02^b	3.23±0.26^ab
L₂	3.09±0.08^a	1.15±0.10^a	4.25±0.15^a	0.89±0.01^a	2.72±0.24^b
L₃	2.86±0.08^b	1.02±0.06^ab	3.89±0.14^a	0.71±0.03^c	2.82±0.12^b

处理 Treatments	叶绿素a Chl a (mg/g)	叶绿素b Chl b (mg/g)	总叶绿素 Chl t (mg/g)	类胡萝卜素 Car(mg/g)	叶绿素a/b Chl a/b
CK	2.05±0.02^d	0.53±0.03^c	2.58±0.04^c	0.69±0.01^c	3.92±0.23^a
L₁	2.51±0.06^c	0.79±0.09^b	3.30±0.14^b	0.78±0.02^b	3.23±0.26^ab
L₂	3.09±0.08^a	1.15±0.10^a	4.25±0.15^a	0.89±0.01^a	2.72±0.24^b
L₃	2.86±0.08^b	1.02±0.06^ab	3.89±0.14^a	0.71±0.03^c	2.82±0.12^b

处理 Treatments	PSⅡ的最大光合效率 (Fv/Fm)	PSⅡ的相对电子传递速率 (ETR)	PSⅡ的实际光合效率 (ФPSⅡ)	光化学猝灭系数 (qP)	非光化学猝灭系数 (qPN)	非光化学猝灭 (NPQ)
CK	0.75±0.22^b	1.64±0.14^c	0.40±0.02^ab	0.74±0.03^a	0.26±0.02^b	1.87±0.22^a
L₁	0.80±0.01^a	2.62±0.09^b	0.45±0.02^a	0.71±0.05^ab	0.36±0.04^a	1.43±0.23^b
L₂	0.80±0.01^a	3.48±0.06^a	0.41±0.01^ab	0.72±0.01^ab	0.26±0.02^b	1.59±0.17^b
L₃	0.81±0.01^a	2.75±0.12^b	0.35±0.02^b	0.64±0.02^b	0.30±0.03^ab	1.52±0.29^b