Evaluation and screening of low temperature tolerance index of maize hybrids

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.014

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to select the field maize hybrids for the identification of low temperature resistance,and the hybrids with strong low temperature resistance in the hope of providing variety reference for accurate early sowing and for evaluation and identification of low temperature resistance. 【Methods】 36 maize hybrids were selected as test materials.Under the real field environment, one normal temperature test and two low temperature tests were set up to investigate and measure the emergence potential, emergence rate, emergence index and average emergence time under low temperature and normal temperature conditions, and calculate the relative values.A total of 8 identification indexes of low temperature tolerance were obtained.Using the statistical methods of principal component analysis, cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis, the evaluation indexes of low temperature seedling emergence tolerance were screened, and the comprehensive score was introduced to evaluate the low temperature seedling emergence tolerance of maize hybrids. 【Results】 With the decrease of temperature, the emergence rate, emergence potential and emergence index decreased, and the emergence time increased.Principal component analysis obtained that the cumulative contribution rate of the two comprehensive in dicators was 77.965%.Stepwise regression analysis established an equation and selected five key indicators, which could determine most of the variation of the comprehensive score D value.Finally, based on D-value cluster analysis, 36 hybrid varieties were divided into four categories, and 6 varieties with strong resistance to low temperature emergence were selected. 【Conclusion】 6 hybrids with strong low temperature tolerance were selected, which were Hangyan 58, Heyu 187, Xinyin KWS9384, Xinyin KWS3376, Huamei 1 and Fengtian 14.Five key indexes, including NEP, LEP, LER, NEI and LEI, were selected for efficient prediction and evaluation of low temperature emergence tolerance of maize hybrids.

Key words: corn; hybrids; low temperature resistant seedling; key index; comprehensive score

摘要：

【目的】 选用大田玉米杂交种,研究耐低温能力,筛选关键鉴定指标及耐低温能力强的杂交种,为玉米精准早播提供品种及评价和鉴定耐低温能力提供方法参考。【方法】 选用36份玉米杂交种为试材,在大田环境下,设置1个常温和2个低温试验,调查测定田间低温和常温条件下出苗势、出苗率、出苗指数及平均出苗时间,共获取8个耐低温鉴定指标。应用主成分分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析等统计方法,筛选耐低温出苗能力评价指标,引入综合得分值评价玉米杂交种耐低温出苗能力。【结果】 随着温度的降低,出苗率、出苗势及出苗指数随之降低,出苗时间随之延长。获得2个综合指标累计贡献率为77.965%,逐步回归分析建立方程并筛选出5个关键指标可以决定综合得分D值的大部分变异,最后基于D值聚类分析,将36个杂交种分为4类,筛选出耐低温出苗能力强的品种有6份。【结论】 筛选出可推广种植的耐低温能力强的杂交种6个,分别是航研58、和育187、新引KWS9384、新引KWS3376、华美1号、丰田14;筛选出常温出苗势、低温出苗势、低温出苗率、常温出苗指数和低温出苗指数5个关键指标,可用于玉米杂交种耐低温出苗能力的高效预测评价。

关键词: 玉米, 杂交种, 耐低温出苗, 关键指标, 综合得分

CLC Number:

S512

ZHANG Lei, XIE Xiaoqing, TANG Huaijun, SUN Shiren, WANG Zhiyuan, HU Jitao, MAO Shuqi, XUE Lihua, SUN Baocheng, LIU Cheng. Evaluation and screening of low temperature tolerance index of maize hybrids[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 110-117.

张磊, 谢小清, 唐怀君, 孙诗仁, 王智远, 胡继涛, 毛淑琦, 薛丽华, 孙宝成, 刘成. 玉米杂交种耐低温评价及指标筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 110-117.

Figures/Tables 8

References 15

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序号 No.	品种名称 Varieties name	序号 No.	品种名称 Varieties name
1	诚信1号	19	银科8133
2	MC618	20	航研58
3	郑单958	21	金和3507
4	新引KWS2564	22	宁单51号
5	新引M753	23	美单306
6	科沃674	24	美豫36
7	皆丰1159	25	Q1079
8	斯泰106	26	迪卡159
9	丰田14	27	斯泰112
10	东单1331	28	金博士1839
11	新玉90	29	A2636
12	DK519	30	正泰136
13	金友59	31	必祥101
14	新引KWS9384	32	金粒1805
15	华美1号	33	新玉85
16	七彩857	34	和育187
17	齐单951	35	新玉65
18	先玉335	36	新引KWS3376

序号 No.	品种名称 Varieties name	序号 No.	品种名称 Varieties name
1	诚信1号	19	银科8133
2	MC618	20	航研58
3	郑单958	21	金和3507
4	新引KWS2564	22	宁单51号
5	新引M753	23	美单306
6	科沃674	24	美豫36
7	皆丰1159	25	Q1079
8	斯泰106	26	迪卡159
9	丰田14	27	斯泰112
10	东单1331	28	金博士1839
11	新玉90	29	A2636
12	DK519	30	正泰136
13	金友59	31	必祥101
14	新引KWS9384	32	金粒1805
15	华美1号	33	新玉85
16	七彩857	34	和育187
17	齐单951	35	新玉65
18	先玉335	36	新引KWS3376

指标 Indexes		成分1 Compo- nent 1	成分2 Compo- nent 2
常温出苗势 Normal emergence potential(%)	X₁	0.584	0.719
低温出苗势 Low emergence potential(%)	X₂	0.843	-0.45
常温出苗率 Normal emergence rate(%)	X₃	0.092	0.477
低温出苗率 Low emergence rate(%)	X₄	0.615	-0.399
常温出苗指数 Normal emergence index	X₅	0.627	0.748
低温出苗指数 Low emergence index	X₆	0.863	-0.471
常温出苗时间 Normal emergence time	X₇	-0.638	-0.702
低温出苗时间 Low emergence time	X₈	-0.837	0.417
特征值 Eigenvalue		3.683	2.554
贡献率 Contribution rate(%)		46.035	31.930
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate(%)		46.035	77.965

指标 Indexes		成分1 Compo- nent 1	成分2 Compo- nent 2
常温出苗势 Normal emergence potential(%)	X₁	0.584	0.719
低温出苗势 Low emergence potential(%)	X₂	0.843	-0.45
常温出苗率 Normal emergence rate(%)	X₃	0.092	0.477
低温出苗率 Low emergence rate(%)	X₄	0.615	-0.399
常温出苗指数 Normal emergence index	X₅	0.627	0.748
低温出苗指数 Low emergence index	X₆	0.863	-0.471
常温出苗时间 Normal emergence time	X₇	-0.638	-0.702
低温出苗时间 Low emergence time	X₈	-0.837	0.417
特征值 Eigenvalue		3.683	2.554
贡献率 Contribution rate(%)		46.035	31.930
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate(%)		46.035	77.965

品种名称 Varieties name	成分1 Ingre- dient 1	成分2 Ingre- dient 2	D值 D- value	排序 Ran- king
航研58 Hangyan 58	2.79	0.40	1.81	1
和育187 Heyu 187	2.08	1.22	1.73	2
新引KWS9384 Xinyin KWS9384	1.91	1.14	1.59	3
新引KWS3376 Xinyin KWS3376	1.89	0.83	1.45	4
华美1号Huamei 1	1.94	0.68	1.42	5
丰田14 Fengtian 14	2.17	-0.03	1.27	6
MC618	1.73	0.12	1.07	7
银科8133 Yinke 8133	1.84	-0.20	1.00	8
皆丰1159 Jiefeng 1159	1.65	0.06	1.00	9
新玉90 Xinyu 90	1.48	0.16	0.94	10
科沃674 Kewo 674	1.47	0.10	0.91	11
新引M753 Xinyin M753	1.83	-0.80	0.75	12
新引KWS2564 Xinyin KWS2564	2.07	-1.17	0.75	13
Q1079	1.10	-0.03	0.64	14
新玉85 Xinyu 85	0.48	0.74	0.59	15
金粒1805 Jinli 1805	0.69	0.33	0.54	16
金友59 Jinyou 59	1.80	-1.27	0.54	17
A2636	0.53	0.52	0.53	18
东单1331 Dongdan 1331	1.00	-0.15	0.53	19
DK519	0.31	0.75	0.49	20
迪卡159 Dika 159	0.64	0.09	0.41	21
必祥101 Bixiang 101	0.38	0.44	0.41	22
正泰136 Zhengtai 136	0.64	0.06	0.41	23
金博士1839 Jinboshi 1839	0.61	0.00	0.36	24
七彩857 Qicai 857	0.08	0.72	0.35	25
斯泰106 Sitai 106	0.54	-0.02	0.31	26
诚信1号Chengxin 1	0.65	-0.21	0.30	27
新玉65 Xinyu 65	-0.03	0.61	0.23	28
斯泰112 Sitai 112	0.70	-0.61	0.16	29
郑单958 Zhengdan 958	1.08	-1.21	0.14	30
美单306 Meidan 306	0.40	-0.35	0.09	31
美豫36 Meiyu 36	0.10	-0.68	-0.22	32
金和3507 Jinhe 3507	-0.75	0.19	-0.37	33
齐单951 Qidan 951	-0.24	-0.62	-0.39	34
先玉335 Xianyu 335	-0.89	0.14	-0.47	35
宁单51号Ningdan 51	-0.52	-0.61	-0.56	36