Development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.013

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 118-126.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.013

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Agricultural Product Processing Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh

YAO Jun¹^,²(), QIN Yong²(), ZHENG Heyun¹, ZHANG Cuihuan¹, Zaituna Maimaiti¹, WANG Zhiwei¹, GEN Xinli¹()

1. Research Institute of Grapes and Melons of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Shanshan Xinjiang 838200,China
2. College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China

Received:2023-05-09 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-02-21
Correspondence author: GENG Xinlin(1975-),female,Xinjinag,research,research field:storage and preservation of agricultural products,(E-mail)89069899@qq.com; QIN Yong(1962 -) male,professor,majoring in vegetable physiology and cultivation,(E-mail)xjndqinyong@sina.com
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(2022D01A118);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-25);Basic Scientific R &D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(KY2022108);Technical System of Xinjiang Water melon Industry(XJARS-06)

无花果叶提取液复合保鲜膜的研制及其在甜瓜保鲜上的应用

姚军¹^,²(), 秦勇²(), 郑贺云¹, 张翠环¹, 再吐娜·买买提¹, 汪志伟¹, 耿新丽¹()

1.新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善 838200
2.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

通讯作者: 耿新丽(1975-),女,河南人,研究员,硕士,研究方向为农产品贮藏与保鲜,(E-mail)89069899@qq.com; 秦勇(1962-)男,新疆人,教授,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向蔬菜生理及栽培学,(E-mail)xjndqinyong@sina.com
作者简介:姚军(1978-),男,四川人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为农产品贮藏与保鲜,(E-mail)53260292@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A118);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本业务经费项目(KY2022108);新疆西甜瓜产业技术体系(XJARS-06)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore a non-toxic,safe,green,cheap and easy to obtain plant bacteriostatic material for storage and preservation of melon,and development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh. 【Methods】 In this study,the extraction process of Ficus carica leaf extract with antibacterial effect was optimized. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic time and solid-liquid ratio on the total flavonoids yield of Ficus carica leaf extract. The cross method was used to determine the antibacterial effect of the extract on fusarium and Alternaria of melon. The extraction agent of Ficus carica leaf was combined with membrane agent sodium alginate,antioxidant citric acid and sucrose ester,and the effects of each preparation on the decay rate and weight loss rate of melon during storage were optimized by orthogonal method. 【Results】 The optimal extraction parameters of Ficus carica leaf were as follows:ethanol concentration 79.73%,ultrasonic time 36.81 min,solid-liquid ratio 1∶24. Through range and variance analysis,the optimal composition of composite cling film for Ficus carica leaf extract of melon was determined as follows:80 mg/mL Ficus carica extract +1.5% sodium alginate +500 mg/L citric acid +0.5% sucrose ester. 【Conclusion】 Ficus carica leaf extract has a significant effect on inhibiting the main postharvest pathogenic fungi of melon,while Ficus carica leaf extract compound cling film has a significant effect on reducing the decay and weight loss rate of melon,so it can be used as a new green,healthy and low-value plant-derived fresh material for melon storage and preservation.

Key words: Ficus carica leaves; response surface methodology; composite cling film; muskmelon

摘要：

【目的】研究一种无毒安全、绿色环保、廉价易得的植物源抑菌材料,并在甜瓜贮藏与保鲜中应用,为无花果叶提取液复合保鲜膜在甜瓜上的应用提供参考。【方法】优化具有抑菌效果的植物源材料无花果叶提取液的提取工艺,采用响应面法优化乙醇浓度、超声时间、料液比并分析对无花果叶提取液总黄酮取得率的影响。采用十字交叉法测定提取液对甜瓜采后主要病原菌镰刀菌、链格孢的抑菌效果,并将无花果叶提取剂与被膜剂海藻酸钠,抗氧化剂柠檬酸,助剂蔗糖酯进行复合,采用正交法优化各制剂对贮藏期甜瓜腐烂率和失重率的影响。【结果】获得无花果叶提取液的最佳提取工艺参数:乙醇体积百分比为79.73%、超声时间为36.81 min、料液比为1∶24。无花果叶提取液复合膜保鲜剂的最佳组成配方为80 mg/mL无花果提取液+1.5%海藻酸钠+500 mg/L柠檬酸+0.5%蔗糖酯。【结论】无花果叶提取液在抑制甜瓜采后主要病原真菌上效果显著,无花果叶提取液复合保鲜膜在减少甜瓜贮藏期腐烂率和失重率降低上效果明显,可作为甜瓜贮藏保鲜的新型绿色的植物源保鲜材料运用于甜瓜生产中。

关键词: 无花果叶, 响应面法, 复合保鲜膜, 甜瓜

CLC Number:

S652

YAO Jun, QIN Yong, ZHENG Heyun, ZHANG Cuihuan, Zaituna Maimaiti, WANG Zhiwei, GEN Xinli. Development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 118-126.

姚军, 秦勇, 郑贺云, 张翠环, 再吐娜·买买提, 汪志伟, 耿新丽. 无花果叶提取液复合保鲜膜的研制及其在甜瓜保鲜上的应用[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 118-126.

Figures/Tables 8

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处理浓度 Treatment concentration (μg/mL)	镰刀菌属菌落直径 Colony diameter of Fusarium(mm)		链格孢属菌落直径 Colony diameter of Alternaria(mm)
处理浓度 Treatment concentration (μg/mL)	无花果叶提取液 FIG extract	阿米西达 Amistad	无花果叶提取液 FIG extract	阿米西达 Amistad
0(CK)	50.09±0.25^Aa	53.42±0.38^Aa	32.63±0.66^Aa	32.47±0.37^Aa
0.78	48.81±0.17^Bb	35.30±0.53^Bb	32.09±0.21^ABab	27.10±0.35^Bb
1.56	48.15±0.27^BCc	33.17±0.59^BCc	31.52±0.41^ABCabc	25.73±0.09^Cc
3.12	47.27±0.32^CDd	32.61±1.22^BCDc	31.22±0.35^ABCbcd	24.96±0.25^CDcd
6.25	46.76±0.17^Dd	32.13±0.55^CDcd	30.71±0.33^BCDcd	24.73±0.45^CDEd
12.5	45.49±0.19^Ee	30.35±0.64^DEde	30.51±0.25^BCDcd	24.62±0.10^CDEd
25	43.30±0.22^Ff	30.03±0.34^DEe	30.03±0.13^CDde	24.33±0.38^DEde
50	37.96±0.17^Gg	28.94±0.64^EFef	29.04±0.58^DEe	23.59±0.23^EFe
100	33.07±0.14^Hh	27.06±0.42^Ff	27.41±0.47^Ef	22.52±0.22^Ff

处理浓度 Treatment concentration (μg/mL)	镰刀菌属菌落直径 Colony diameter of Fusarium(mm)		链格孢属菌落直径 Colony diameter of Alternaria(mm)
处理浓度 Treatment concentration (μg/mL)	无花果叶提取液 FIG extract	阿米西达 Amistad	无花果叶提取液 FIG extract	阿米西达 Amistad
0(CK)	50.09±0.25^Aa	53.42±0.38^Aa	32.63±0.66^Aa	32.47±0.37^Aa
0.78	48.81±0.17^Bb	35.30±0.53^Bb	32.09±0.21^ABab	27.10±0.35^Bb
1.56	48.15±0.27^BCc	33.17±0.59^BCc	31.52±0.41^ABCabc	25.73±0.09^Cc
3.12	47.27±0.32^CDd	32.61±1.22^BCDc	31.22±0.35^ABCbcd	24.96±0.25^CDcd
6.25	46.76±0.17^Dd	32.13±0.55^CDcd	30.71±0.33^BCDcd	24.73±0.45^CDEd
12.5	45.49±0.19^Ee	30.35±0.64^DEde	30.51±0.25^BCDcd	24.62±0.10^CDEd
25	43.30±0.22^Ff	30.03±0.34^DEe	30.03±0.13^CDde	24.33±0.38^DEde
50	37.96±0.17^Gg	28.94±0.64^EFef	29.04±0.58^DEe	23.59±0.23^EFe
100	33.07±0.14^Hh	27.06±0.42^Ff	27.41±0.47^Ef	22.52±0.22^Ff

处理 Deal with	均值 Mean value	标准误差 Standard error	95%置信区间下限 Lower limit of confidence interval	95%置信区间上限 Upper limit of confidence interval
无花果提取液FIG extract
20	2.57	0.064	2.443	2.697
50	2.572	0.064	2.445	2.699
80	2.15	0.064	2.023	2.277
海藻酸钠Sodium alginate
1	2.472	0.064	2.345	2.599
1.5	2.489	0.062	2.365	2.614
2.0	2.331	0.065	2.202	2.46
柠檬酸Citric acid
300	2.479	0.064	2.352	2.606
500	2.354	0.064	2.228	2.481
700	2.459	0.064	2.332	2.585
蔗糖酯Sucrose Ester
0	2.426	0.64	2.299	2.552
0.5	2.37	0.64	2.244	2.497
1.0	2.496	0.64	2.369	2.622

处理 Deal with	均值 Mean value	标准误差 Standard error	95%置信区间下限 Lower limit of confidence interval	95%置信区间上限 Upper limit of confidence interval
无花果提取液FIG extract
20	2.57	0.064	2.443	2.697
50	2.572	0.064	2.445	2.699
80	2.15	0.064	2.023	2.277
海藻酸钠Sodium alginate
1	2.472	0.064	2.345	2.599
1.5	2.489	0.062	2.365	2.614
2.0	2.331	0.065	2.202	2.46
柠檬酸Citric acid
300	2.479	0.064	2.352	2.606
500	2.354	0.064	2.228	2.481
700	2.459	0.064	2.332	2.585
蔗糖酯Sucrose Ester
0	2.426	0.64	2.299	2.552
0.5	2.37	0.64	2.244	2.497
1.0	2.496	0.64	2.369	2.622

处理 Deal with	均值 Mean value	标准误差 Standard error	95%置信区间下限 Lower limit of confidence interval	95%置信区间上限 Upper limit of confidence interval
无花果提取液FIG extract
20	35.926	2.675	30.594	41.258
50	25.556	2.675	20.224	30.888
80	19.833	2.678	14.494	25.173
海藻酸钠Sodium alginate
1	30.37	2.675	25.038	35.702
1.5	22.724	2.63	17.481	27.966
2.0	28.221	2.73	22.779	33.662
柠檬酸Citric acid
300	27.407	2.675	22.075	32.739
500	25.926	2.675	20.594	31.258
700	27.981	2.678	22.642	33.321
蔗糖酯Sucrose Ester
0	23.704	2.675	18.372	29.036
0.5	27.241	2.678	21.901	32.580
1.0	30.37	2.675	25.038	35.702

Development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh

无花果叶提取液复合保鲜膜的研制及其在甜瓜保鲜上的应用

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水平 Level	因素Factor
水平 Level	海藻酸钠 Sodium alginate (%)	柠檬酸 Citric acid (mg/L)	无花果提取液 FIG extract (mg/mL)	蔗糖酯 Sucrose Ester (%)
1	1.0	300	20	0
2	1.5	500	50	0.5
3	2.0	700	80	1.0

试验号 Test number	无花果提取液 FIG extract (mg/mL)	海藻酸钠 Sodium alginate(%)	柠檬酸 Citric acid (mg/L)	蔗糖酯 Sucrose Ester(%)	失重率 Weight loss rate	腐烂率 Decay rate
1	1(20)	1(1.0)	1(300)	1(0.0)	1.322	30
2	1	2(1.5)	2(500)	2(0.5)	1.511	20
3	1	3(2.0)	3(700)	3(1.0)	1.453	40
4	2(50)	1	2	3	1.185	30
5	2	2	3	1	1.718	40
6	2	3	1	2	2.077	30
7	3(80)	1	3	2	1.459	20
8	3	2	1	3	1.456	10
9	3	3	2	1	1.016	30
失重率X₁Weight loss rate X₁	2.57	2.472	2.479	2.426
失重率X₂Weight loss rate X₂	2.572	2.489	2.354	2.37
失重率X₃Weight loss rate X₃	2.15	2.331	2.459	2.496
极差RRange R	14.625	1.827	1.109	0.974
主次顺序 Primary and secondary order	A>C>B>D
优水平Optimal level	80	2.0	500	0.5
优组合Optimal combination	A₃B₃C₂D₂
腐烂率X₁Decay rate X₁	35.926	30.37	27.407	23.704
腐烂率X₂Decay rate X₂	25.556	22.724	25.926	27.241
腐烂率X₃Decay rate X₃	19.833	28.221	27.981	30.370
极差RRange R	9.291	2.214	0.157	1.555
主次顺序 Primary and secondary order	A>B>D>C
优水平Optimal level	80	1.5	500	0
优组合Optimal combination	A₃B₂C₂D₁

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