Effects of photosynthetic bacterial foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of organic tomato in greenhouse

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.017

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 3018-3024.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.017

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of photosynthetic bacterial foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of organic tomato in greenhouse

ZENG Jun¹(), WU Lei², GAO Yan¹(), ZHANG Zhuo³, LIN Qing¹, LIU Jianwei⁴, YANG Hongmei¹, HUO Xiangdong¹, SHI Yingwu¹

1. Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology / Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Karamay Ruiheng Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Karamay Xinjiang 834008, China
3. Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
4. Xinjiang Mutianyuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Urumqi 830037, China

Received:2023-04-12 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-03
Correspondence author: GAO Yan(1979-),female,Jiangyin,Jiangsu Province,researcher,research field:resources and applied microbiology,(E-mail)47795411@qq.com
Supported by:
The Key Laboratory Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2019D04016);The Key Technology Innovation Incubation Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjkcpy-2020005);Fund for Stable Support to Agricultural Sci-Tech Renovation(xjnkywdzc-2023005-6)

光合细菌叶面肥喷施对设施有机番茄产量和品质的影响

曾军¹(), 武磊², 高雁¹(), 张卓³, 林青¹, 刘建伟⁴, 杨红梅¹, 霍向东¹, 史应武¹

1.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.克拉玛依瑞恒畜牧开发有限责任公司,新疆克拉玛依 834008
3.湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,长沙 410125
4.新疆牧田源生物科技有限公司,乌鲁木齐 830037

通讯作者: 高雁(1979-),女,江苏江阴人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为资源与应用微生物学,(E-mail)47795411@qq.com
作者简介:曾军(1982-),男,新疆玛纳斯人,副研究员,研究方向为特殊环境光合细菌功能及生态学,(E-mail)leo924.student@sina.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室项目(2019D04016);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020005);农业科技创新稳定支持项目(xjnkywdzc-2023005-6)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This project aims to study the effects of photosynthetic bacterial foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of organic tomato in greenhouse in the hope of providing reference basis for leaf formula fertilization and high-efficiency production of organic tomato in greenhouse.【Methods】The tomato cultivars Zhongyan No.868 was used as the testing material. Under field conditions, three greenhouses were selected and divided into three treatment groups including PSB group, fish protein group and control group (spraying only water without fertilizer). The experiments were started at the full bearing period of tomato and fertilized every 7 days, 4 times in total. The contents of chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate, disease index of leaves, yield and quality of tomato were determined.【Results】Compared with CK, the PSB and fish protein treatments could increase chlorophyll contents during the first 14 days after fertilization, while the PSB group was the best. The decreasing trend of the chlorophyll contents in CK and fish protein groups were highly correlated with disease index of leaves. Of them, the lowest disease index was found in the PSB group, the photosynthetic bacteria group had the lowest overall incidence index, while the fish protein group had a relatively low incidence index in the first 14 days, and the higher incidence index after 14 days, and the control group had the most serious incidence index The net photosynthetic rate in PSB and fish protein groups were increased during the first 14 days after fertilization, then decreased and slight declines occurred in PSB group, but in CK group it was the opposite. Compared with CK, the PSB group had the best tomato quality, whose soluble sugar content increased 62.5%, Vitamin C content increased 81.7% and the average yield increase per plant reached 33%. However, the fish protein group was only significantly increased in the total acid, and the difference in the improvement of other indicators was not significant.【Conclusion】For the best quality and yield effect of photosynthetic bacteria, the main mechanism may be realized by slowing down the degradation of old tomato chlorophyll and inhibiting the occurrence and development of the powdery mildew of tomato foliar leaves.

Key words: organic tomato in greenhouse; foliage fertilizer; net photosynthetic rate; quality

摘要：

【目的】研究设施番茄盛果期叶面喷施光合细菌叶面肥对其产量及品质的影响,为设施番茄高效生产及叶面施肥提供参考依据。【方法】以中研868番茄品种为研究对象,选择3个设施大棚,设置光合细菌组、鱼蛋白组、清水对照(CK,不施叶面肥)共3个处理,于番茄盛果期开始每7 d叶面喷施1次,共计喷施4次,测定各处理前和处理后不同时间段内番茄叶片叶绿素含量,净光合速率,叶片病害指数,产量和品质等指标。【结果】与对照组叶绿素含量持续下降趋势相比,喷施光合细菌和鱼蛋白后7~14 d均能提高番茄叶片叶绿素含量,之后叶绿素含量均有所下降,但光合细菌组下降幅度最低;叶绿素含量的下降与番茄叶片的病害指数呈现出显著正相关性,光合细菌组叶面白粉病全程发病指数最低,而鱼蛋白组在前14 d发病指数相对较低,而14 d之后发病指数较高,对照组发病最为严重。光合细菌组和鱼蛋白组净光合速率前14 d显著增加,之后有所降低,其中光合细菌组增加幅度最大并且下降幅度最小,对照组呈现出线性下降趋势;与对照组相比,光合细菌组番茄品质最佳,其中可溶性糖增加了62.5%,抗坏血酸提高了81.7%,平均单株产量增产率达到了33%,而鱼蛋白组仅在总酸上显著提高,其他指标提升差异不显著。【结论】设施有机番茄盛果期叶面喷施光合细菌叶面肥品质和增产效果最佳,其主要机理可能是通过减缓番茄老叶叶绿素的降解以及抑制番茄叶面白粉病的发生和发展而实现的。

关键词: 设施有机番茄, 叶面肥, 净光合速率, 品质

CLC Number:

S641.2

ZENG Jun, WU Lei, GAO Yan, ZHANG Zhuo, LIN Qing, LIU Jianwei, YANG Hongmei, HUO Xiangdong, SHI Yingwu. Effects of photosynthetic bacterial foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of organic tomato in greenhouse[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 3018-3024.

曾军, 武磊, 高雁, 张卓, 林青, 刘建伟, 杨红梅, 霍向东, 史应武. 光合细菌叶面肥喷施对设施有机番茄产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3018-3024.

Figures/Tables 4

References 28

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处理组 Treatment group	叶绿素(a+b)Chlorophyll (a+b) (mg/g·FW)
处理组 Treatment group	喷施前Before spraying	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
光合细菌组 PSB group	1.41±0.02^b	1.87±0.012^a*	2.49±0.002^a**	1.84±0.011^A*	1.74±0.016^A*
鱼蛋白组 Fish protein group	1.51±0.21^a	1.78±0.062^b*	1.87±0.13^b**	1.20±0.42^B*	1.1±0.10^B*
对照组 CK	1.49±0.43^a	1.51±0.12^b*	1.21±0.11^c*	0.77±0.12^C**	0.87±0.33^C**

处理组 Treatment group	叶绿素(a+b)Chlorophyll (a+b) (mg/g·FW)
处理组 Treatment group	喷施前Before spraying	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
光合细菌组 PSB group	1.41±0.02^b	1.87±0.012^a*	2.49±0.002^a**	1.84±0.011^A*	1.74±0.016^A*
鱼蛋白组 Fish protein group	1.51±0.21^a	1.78±0.062^b*	1.87±0.13^b**	1.20±0.42^B*	1.1±0.10^B*
对照组 CK	1.49±0.43^a	1.51±0.12^b*	1.21±0.11^c*	0.77±0.12^C**	0.87±0.33^C**

处理组 Treatment group	喷施前发病指数 Disease index before usage	喷施后发病指数 Disease index after usage
处理组 Treatment group	喷施前发病指数 Disease index before usage	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
光合细菌组 PSB group	0.51±0.032^a	0.37±0.012^B**	0.29±0.002^C**	0.44±0.011^C*	0.47±0.016^C*
鱼蛋白组 Fish protein group	0.48±0.021^a	0.58±0.062^A*	0.87±0.13^B**	1.27±0.42^B**	1.97±0.10^A**
对照组 CK	0.49±0.043^a	0.67±0.012^A*	1.61±0.11^A**	1.77±0.12^A**	1.37±0.33^B**

处理组 Treatment group	喷施前发病指数 Disease index before usage	喷施后发病指数 Disease index after usage
处理组 Treatment group	喷施前发病指数 Disease index before usage	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d
光合细菌组 PSB group	0.51±0.032^a	0.37±0.012^B**	0.29±0.002^C**	0.44±0.011^C*	0.47±0.016^C*
鱼蛋白组 Fish protein group	0.48±0.021^a	0.58±0.062^A*	0.87±0.13^B**	1.27±0.42^B**	1.97±0.10^A**
对照组 CK	0.49±0.043^a	0.67±0.012^A*	1.61±0.11^A**	1.77±0.12^A**	1.37±0.33^B**

处理 Treatment	叶面净光合速率 net photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves [μmolCO₂/(m²﹒s)]
处理 Treatment	喷施前 Before spraying	喷施7 d Spray 7 d	喷施14 d Spray 14 d	喷施21 d Spray 21 d	喷施28 d Spray 28 d
光合细菌组 PSB group	12.58±1.03^a	16.56±0.25^A	27.33±0.31^A**	14.03±0.33^A	12.73±1.79^A
鱼蛋白组 Fish protein group	14.25±0.76^a	13.43±1.74^a	12.51±0.67^B	8.12±0.22^B*	8.77±1.01^B*
对照组CK	13.10±1.01^a	10.93±3.48^a	8.67±0.73^C*	6.00±0.98^B*	5.57±0.21^C*

Effects of photosynthetic bacterial foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of organic tomato in greenhouse

光合细菌叶面肥喷施对设施有机番茄产量和品质的影响

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处理 Treatment	可溶性糖 Soluble saccharide (%)	总酸 Total acidity (%)	可溶性固形物 Soluble solids (%)	抗坏血酸 Vitamin C (mg/100g)	产量 Yield (kg/株)
光合细菌组PSB group	3.96±0.18^A	7.10±1.53^B	5.79±0.22^a	5.09±0.22^A	3.29±0.82^a
鱼蛋白组Fish protein group	2.63±0.20^B	9.23±1.15^A	4.12±0.58^a	1.69±0.58^C	3.01±0.28^b
对照组CK	2.40±0.06^B	5.60±1.45^C	4.83±0.56^a	2.80±0.56^B	2.46±0.56^b

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