拉枝角度对骏枣光合特性和果实品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.010

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 343-349.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.010

拉枝角度对骏枣光合特性和果实品质的影响

尹美霖¹(), 林敏娟¹(), 井双泉², 熊仁次³

1.塔里木大学园艺与林学学院/南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆生产建设兵团第十四师农业科学研究所,新疆昆玉 848116
3.塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2024-07-27 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-17
通信作者: 林敏娟(1979-),女,河北邢台人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为果树种质资源与品种选育,(E-mail)lmjzky@163.com
作者简介:尹美霖(2000-),女,河北唐山人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树种质资源与品种选育,(E-mail)ymldyxe@163.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目“南疆枣园持续提质增效关键技术研究与示范”(2023AB004-04)

Effects of branch pulling angles on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of jujube

YIN Meilin¹(), LIN Minjuan¹(), JING Shuangquan², XIONG Renci³

1. National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Featured Fruit Trees Efficient and High-Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology in Southern Xinjiang / College of Horticulture and Forestry, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the 14th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Aral Xinjiang 848116, China
3. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2024-07-27 Published:2025-02-20 Online:2025-04-17
Supported by:
Science and Technology Program Project“Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for Continuous Quality Improvement and Efficiency Improvement of Jujube Orchard in Southern Xinjiang”(2023AB004-04)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究拉枝角度对叶片大小、叶绿素含量、光合参数和果实品质的影响,筛选出适宜的拉枝角度,为枣的优质生产提供参考。【方法】对主干形骏枣的枣头枝进行70°、90°、110°共3个水平的拉枝角度处理,以不拉枝角度为对照,分析不同拉枝角度的叶片大小、叶绿素含量、光合特性和果实品质的差异。【结果】拉枝角度90°处理的叶片大小和叶绿素含量(SPAD值)均显著高于对照,叶面积和叶绿素含量(SPAD值)显著高于拉枝角度70°和110°处理。拉枝角度90°处理叶片的Pn、Gs和Tr日均值均显著高于拉枝角度70°、110°和对照,分别为13.36 μmol/(m²·s)、0.36 mol/(m²·s)、10.29 mmol/(m²·s),3个拉枝角度处理和对照的Pn、Gs、Ci和Wue日变化呈双峰曲线。拉枝角度为90°的处理,平均单果重、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量、可溶性糖含量显著高于拉枝角度70°、110°处理和对照。【结论】主干形骏枣适宜的枣头枝拉枝角度为90°,有利于主干形骏枣叶片生长、光合特性和果实品质的提高。

关键词: 骏枣; 拉枝角度; 光合特性; 果实品质

Abstract:

【Objective】To investigate the effects of pulling on leaf size, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters and fruit quality with the aim of screening the appropriate angle of pulling for high quality production of jujube.【Methods】Three levels of pulling treatments at 70°, 90° and 110° were carried out on the date head branches of the main stem-shaped jujube, with no pulling as the control, and then differences in leaf size, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality were analyzed at different pulling angles. 【Results】The results showed that leaf size and chlorophyll content (SPAD) were significantly higher in the pulling 90° treatment than in the control, and leaf area and chlorophyll content (SPAD) were significantly higher in the pulling 70° and 110° treatments. The daily mean values of Pn, Gs and Tr of leaves in the pulling 90° treatment were significantly higher than those in the pulling 70°, 110° and control, which were 13.36 μmol/(m²·s), 0.36 mol/(m²·s) and 10.29 mmol/(m²·s), respectively, and the daily changes of Pn, Gs, Ci and Wue in the three pulling treatments and the control showed a bimodal curve. The average single fruit weight, soluble solids content, vitamin C content, and soluble sugar content were significantly higher in the treatments with a pulling angle of 90° than in the treatments with a pulling angle of 70°, 110°, and the control.【Conclusion】The suitable branch pulling angle of trunk Junzao is 90°, which is beneficial to the leaf growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality improvement of trunk Junzao.

Key words: jujube; branch pulling angles; photosynthetic characteristics; fruit quality

中图分类号:

S665.1

尹美霖, 林敏娟, 井双泉, 熊仁次. 拉枝角度对骏枣光合特性和果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(2): 343-349.

YIN Meilin, LIN Minjuan, JING Shuangquan, XIONG Renci. Effects of branch pulling angles on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of jujube[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(2): 343-349.

图/表 8

参考文献 18

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处理 Treatments	叶长 Leaf length(cm)	叶宽 Leaf width(cm)	叶面积 Leaf area(cm²)	叶绿素SPAD值 Chlorophyll SPAD value
CK	7.98±0.63^b	3.67±0.26^b	19.29±2.16^b	37.77±2.53^c
拉枝角度70°Pull the branch 70°	8.20±0.39^ab	3.81±0.21^a	20.82±1.58^b	41.97±3.11^b
拉枝角度90°Pull the branch 90°	8.36±0.76^a	3.89±0.29^a	21.69±2.59^a	43.60±2.01^a
拉枝角度110°Pull the branch 110°	8.12±0.83^ab	3.88±0.18^a	20.94±2.25^b	41.80±2.99^b

处理 Treatments	叶长 Leaf length(cm)	叶宽 Leaf width(cm)	叶面积 Leaf area(cm²)	叶绿素SPAD值 Chlorophyll SPAD value
CK	7.98±0.63^b	3.67±0.26^b	19.29±2.16^b	37.77±2.53^c
拉枝角度70°Pull the branch 70°	8.20±0.39^ab	3.81±0.21^a	20.82±1.58^b	41.97±3.11^b
拉枝角度90°Pull the branch 90°	8.36±0.76^a	3.89±0.29^a	21.69±2.59^a	43.60±2.01^a
拉枝角度110°Pull the branch 110°	8.12±0.83^ab	3.88±0.18^a	20.94±2.25^b	41.80±2.99^b

处理 Treatments	净光合速率 Pn(μmol/(m²·s))	气孔导度 Gs(mol/(m²·s))	胞间CO₂浓度 Ci(μmol/mol)	蒸腾速率 Tr(mmol/(m²·s))	水分利用率 Wue (mmol/mol)
CK	8.37±0.86^c	0.25±0.03^c	310.34±6.78^a	7.30±0.84^b	1.19±0.24^a
拉枝角度70° Pull the branch 70°	11.55±0.61^b	0.29±0.03^b	308.39±11.04^a	8.36±0.85^b	1.28±0.32^a
拉枝角度90° Pull the branch 90°	13.36±1.01^a	0.36±0.04^a	297.07±14.46^b	10.29±0.86^a	1.31±0.19^a
拉枝角度110° Pull the branch 110°	10.64±0.71^b	0.27±0.04^bc	311.17±7.34^a	7.28±0.76^b	1.36±0.22^a

处理 Treatments	净光合速率 Pn(μmol/(m²·s))	气孔导度 Gs(mol/(m²·s))	胞间CO₂浓度 Ci(μmol/mol)	蒸腾速率 Tr(mmol/(m²·s))	水分利用率 Wue (mmol/mol)
CK	8.37±0.86^c	0.25±0.03^c	310.34±6.78^a	7.30±0.84^b	1.19±0.24^a
拉枝角度70° Pull the branch 70°	11.55±0.61^b	0.29±0.03^b	308.39±11.04^a	8.36±0.85^b	1.28±0.32^a
拉枝角度90° Pull the branch 90°	13.36±1.01^a	0.36±0.04^a	297.07±14.46^b	10.29±0.86^a	1.31±0.19^a
拉枝角度110° Pull the branch 110°	10.64±0.71^b	0.27±0.04^bc	311.17±7.34^a	7.28±0.76^b	1.36±0.22^a

处理 Treatments	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	果形指数 Fruit shape index	含水率 Water content (%)	可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solids content (%)	VC含量 VC content (mg/100 g)	可溶性总糖含量 Total soluble sugar content (%)	可滴定酸含量 Titratable acid content (%)
CK	17.48±0.55^c	1.48±0.20^a	63.07^a	29.85±1.27^c	281.10±8.07^d	26.79±1.93^c	0.36±0.02^b
拉枝角度70° Pull the branch 70°	20.58±2.22^b	1.48±0.11^a	64.10^a	32.40±0.50^b	365.87±6.71^b	28.96±2.70^b	0.39±0.01^a
拉枝角度90° Pull the branch 90°	23.76±3.99^a	1.50±0.12^a	64.73^a	34.43±0.85^a	391.30±3.06^a	31.66±1.72^a	0.37±0.02^b
拉枝角度110° Pull the branch 110°	20.88±2.29^b	1.49±0.12^a	63.77^a	32.08±0.75^b	347.60±4.96^c	28.30±3.01^bc	0.37±0.01^ab

拉枝角度对骏枣光合特性和果实品质的影响

Effects of branch pulling angles on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of jujube

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